The N. Aen. Rec. dan. 1867 no volume questions Bis acc Ъ

Estereati

ассигаем
ecuracy in

Een Greene, and sides

with Eo. W. Geens in his Vindication.
his grandfather. Bancroft wrote a
letter in reply which is printed in the
Apr. number, 1867. h 662-674.
Wacken May. Teb. 6th 392 dont see how
D. can be thought hostile to Greene.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

THE THIRTEEN UNITED STATES. July, 1776.

Effects of the declaration of independence, 31 The hope of the new

nation, 31 Declaration of Maryland, 32 — Independence in Philadel

phia, 32 In New Jersey, 32- Convention of New York, 33 - Con-

dition of the state, 33 - New York adopts independence, 34 - Indepen-

dence proclaimed to the army, 34 Statue of the king thrown down in

New York, 35- Progress of the war in Virginia, 35 — Dunmore driven

from land, 35 Flight of the Virginia refugees, 36 — Independence pro-

claimed in Virginia, 36 — In Rhode Island, 36

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In Massachusetts, 36

In South Carolina, 36- Independence the act of the people, 37- Its

aspect on the nations of Europe, 37- Character of Lord Howe, 37-

His confidence of the restoration of peace, 38 Lord Howe arrives at

Staten Island, 38 His declaration, 38 His attempts at intercourse

with Washington, 39 He meets with a rebuff, 39- His circular let-

ters, 39 His letters to individuals, 39 Reed on the overture, 40 -

Condition of America, 40 Greene despondent, 40 Decision of

Samuel Adams, 40— Of Robert Morris, 41 Of congress, 41 — Of

Washington, 41-Lord Howe to Franklin, 42 — Franklin's answer, 42

Retaining a trade no ground for a war, 43 - Disappointment of Lord

Howe, 44.

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CHAPTER II.

CONFEDERATION; SIGNING THE DECLARATION. July-August 2,

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1776.

An exchange of prisoners proposed by Washington, 45- Agreed to by
Howe, 46-Confederation, 46 Draught of Dickinson, 46 - Dickinson's
despondency, 47 - Confederation opposed by separatism, 47- The sev-

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eral states impatient of power, 47 Effects of contests with the crown,

48 No central power of taxation, 48- The states jealous of the power

in a confederacy as in the crown, 49 - - Franklin's plan contrasted with

Dickinson's, 49- No executive, no judiciary, 50 South Carolina still

jealous, 50 Cavils of Edward Rutledge, 51 — Rule for the apportion-

ment of supplies, 51- Chase moves to count only white inhabitants, 51

-Debate on the question, 52 - Chase's amendment rejected, 52— The

vote geographical, 52 - Delaware insists on a vote for each colony, 53.

Opinions of Franklin, Witherspoon, John Adams, 53 — Of Rush, Hop-

kins, 54 - Jefferson's compromise proposed by Sherman, 55 — The claim

of Virginia, 56 Why confederation was delayed, 56 - Congress tired

of the subject, 57- The war and government, 57 Connecticut sends

regiments of light-horse, 57 Their discharge, 58 Conflict amongst

the officers in the army, 58 - Gates claims coördinate power with Wash-

ington, 58 — Public spirit of Washington, 59 Signing the declaration,

59 Independence the work of the people, 60.

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CHAPTER III.

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THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE IN EUROPE. July-October,

1776.

The maritime powers dread England, 61

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Opinion of Vergennes, 61

- Arrival of Silas Deane, 62 - He confides in Edward Bancroft, 62-

France opens its ports to American commerce, 63 - Interview of Deane

with Vergennes, 63

Two hundred field-pieces promised, 63 Beau-

marchais offers credit, 64 Treachery of Edward Bancroft, 64 The

king of France and his cabinet, 64 - Vergennes on England as the nat-

ural enemy of France, 64 — And of Spain, 65 — Danger from England to

France and Spain, 65 — Advantages of a war with England, 66 Rela-

tions between France and America, 67 Probable neutrality of other

European powers, 67 - Position of the king of France, 68 — Danger from

a preference of peace, 68 - Effect of this advice on Louis the Sixteenth,

69 Partisans of America, 69 Marquis de Lafayette, 70 Volunteers

and adventurers, 70 Views of Spain, 71 Spanish harbors open to

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American privateers, 71

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Spain opposed to American independence, 71

Parties in England, 71 The government majority, 71 The reflec-

tive judgment of England, 72- Power to tax the colonies given up, 72 —

Power of parliament over charters not abdicated, 73- United States not

to be conquered, 73 Advice of Tucker, 74 Of Hume, 74 Opinion

of Gibbon, 74 — Of Germain, 74-The English despise France as a

naval power, 74-Subserviency of an English politician, 75- Anxiety of

George the Third, 75.

CHAPTER IV.

BATTLE OF LONG ISLAND. August, 1776.

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The city of New York to be defended, 76— Opinion of Jay, 76-

Outposts of New York, 77- -Condition of the American army, 77

Opinion of John Adams, 77— Relations of congress to Gates and Wash-

ington, 78 Council of war inefficient, 79-Governor of Connecticut,

79 Rising of Connecticut, 80 — Inhabitants of New York, 80- Gen-

eral orders, 80. Fort Washington on the Hudson, 81 Defences of New

York city, 81- The lines in Brooklyn, 82— Howe receives reënforce-

ments, 82-Lord Howe's proposal, 82-Illness of Greene, 83 - British

land on Long Island, 83 — Consternation in New York, 84 — Advance of

the British, 84 American skirmishers, 84 Putnam on Long Island, 85

- Number of the British on Long Island, 85 - The American force, 86

- Their stations, 86- Plan of attack by Howe, 87- Putnam's orders,

88 Position of Stirling, 88-Putnam's incapacity, 89-The British

squadron attempts to move, 89 - The British gain the Jamaica pass, 90

-The battle of skirmishes, 90-The Hessians move up the ridge, 91

— Their success, 91 Sullivan taken prisoner, 92-Lord Howe sends

aid, 92 Heroic conduct of Stirling and his party, 93 Stirling sur-

renders, 94 Howe refuses to assault the lines, 94 - Loss of the British,

95- Loss of the Americans, 95 Causes of the result, 95 — Character

of the victory, 96.

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CHAPTER V.

THE RETREAT FROM LONG ISLAND. August 27

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Condition of the American army, 97-Its confidence in Washington,

98 His steady attention, 98 — Number of his troops, 98—Their suf-

ferings, 98 Character of General Howe, 99 — Delancey and Woodhull,

100- Approaches of the British army, 101-Necessity of a retreat,

101 - Measures for a retreat, 101 A council of war, 102 Skilful

Blunder of Mifflin, 104 –

measures, 103 ·

Remedied by Washington, 104

-The sea-fog, 104 The British enter the American works, 104 - The

retreat successful, 105 - Erroneous account of the retreat, 105 - The

errors corrected, 106 - - The retreat Washington's own measure, 107.

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THE PROGRESS OF THE HOWES. August 30-

September 15, 1776.

Sullivan Lord Howe's volunteer go-between, 108 — Conduct of General
Washington represents to congress the condition of his army,

Howe, 109

109

The city of New York must be abandoned, 110

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Sullivan's recep-

tion in congress, 110- He mistakes Lord Howe's offers, 111 - Congress

wishes New York city defended, 111 The debate on Lord Howe's mes-

sage, 112 — Resolve in answer to Lord Howe, 112 - Committee appointed

to meet Lord Howe, 112 — Difference of opinion between congress and

Washington on holding New York, 113 - His council side with congress,

113 - Lee expected, 113 — Washington adheres to his opinion that New

York must be evacuated, 114 - His plea to congress, 114 — He explains

why New York city cannot be held, 115— Congress yields, 115 - Inter-

view between Lord Howe and the committee of congress, 116 - Lord Howe

disavows Sullivan, 117 - Franklin's proposal, 117-Report of the com-

mittee, 117 Opinion of the governor of Connecticut, 117 - General

Howe prepares to land in New York, 118 Washington fired upon, 118

Washington removes his stores and artillery, 119 - Landing of the

British on New York island, 119-Flight of the Americans, 119-Wash-

ington's example of courage, 120-Escape of Putnam's division, 120 –

Patriotic conduct of Mary Lindley, 121 - Results of the day, 121

Washington's conduct on the day, 122- Character of Gordon as an his-

torian, 123 Accounts of Ramsay, Heath, and Graydon, 124.

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CHAPTER VII.

THE EMBARRASSMENTS OF AMERICA. September 15 - 30, 1776.

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Talbot and the fire-brig, 125- Skirmishes near Manhattanville, 126

Effect of the skirmish, 127 - Death of Knowlton and Leitch, 128

Strength of the American position, 128 -Declaration of the Howes as

commanders, 128 Great fire in New York city, 129 - Nathan Hale,

his death and character, 130- Death of Henly, 131 — Arrival of the

prisoners from Quebec, 131 Merits of Morgan, 131 - Confederation

delayed, 131 Plan of a treaty with France, 132 — The fisheries, 132 —

Commissioners to France, 133 - Franklin and Deane, 133 - Jefferson

declines, 133 Arthur Lee appointed, 133 - The American navy, 134-

American privateers, 134 Army regulations adopted, 135 — Condition

of the army, 135 - - Measures of congress, 136 — Washington on the use of

militia, 137-Need of a permanent army, 137 - His expostulations neg-

lected by congress, 138 - Washington's trust in the people, 138.

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THE COURSE OF OPINION IN ENGLAND. September 28-November,