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MEN OF THE BIBLE,

Their Lives and Times.

Edited by Rev. J. S. EXELL, M.A.

Author of The Biblical Illustrator

"We commend the volumes of this series as useful contributions to the popularization of the results of Biblical scholarship--a tendency and movement of our time of the utmost interest and promise."-New Englander.

17 Volumes, 12mo, cloth.

Price reduced to 75 cents, each, postpaid.

Abraham. By Rev. W. J. Dean, M.A.

Daniel. By Rev. H. Deane, B.D.
David. By Rev. W. J. Dean, M.A.

Elijah. By Prof. W. Milligan, D.D.

Ezra and Nehemiah. By Rev. Canon Rawlinson.
Gideon and Judges. By Rev. J. M. Lang, D.D.
Isaac and Jacob. By Rev. Canon Rawlinson.

Isaiah. By Rev. Canon Driver, M.A.
Jeremiah. By Rev. Canon Cheyne, D.D.

Jesus Christ the Divine Man. By J. F. Vallings,
M.A.

Joshua. By Rev. W. J. Dean, M.A.

Kings of Israel and Judah.

Rawlinson.

By Rev. Canon

Minor Prophets, The. By Rev. Dean Farrar, D.D.

Moses. By Rev. Canon Rawlinson, M.A.

Samuel and Saul. By Rev. W. J. Dean, M.A. Solomon. By Rev. Dean Farrar, D.D.

St. Paul. By Rev. Prof. Iverach, D.D.

OTHER VOLUMES TO FOLLOW SHORTLY.

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MOSES

HIS LIFE AND TIMES

BY

GEORGE RAWLINSON, M. A. 1812-1902.

Camden Professor of Ancient History in the University of Oxford, and
Corresponding Member of the Royal Academy of Turin ;
Author of "The Five Great Monarchies of the
Ancient Eastern World," Etc., Etc.

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PREFACE.

THE materials for a life of Moses are found chiefly in the four later Books of the Pentateuch. The New Testament also contributes some valuable notices, especially Acts vii. and Hebrews xi. Next to them in value, but next at an interval that is scarcely measurable, come the accounts given by Josephus and Philo. Moses is the hero of Josephus's Second, Third, and Fourth Books, which present to us the circumstances of his life with a considerable amount of detail, but do not add very much to the scriptural narrative, except at the two extremes of Moses' career, his early years and his decease. Different estimates

may be formed of the degree of credit to be attached to these portions of Josephus's history, and it requires, beyond a doubt, much critical acumen to deal with them properly, neither accepting nor rejecting them en bloc. The same may be said of the notices to be found in the writings of Philo. Philo has left us a work entitled, "The Life of Moses" (Iɛpi Biov Mwośwg), which contains interesting accounts of his education and personal appearance; and in several of his other treatises he gives estimates of Moses' character and abilities. A passage of Artapanus, preserved by Eusebius, is entitled to consideration. Many legends have clustered round the name of Moses, some Jewish, others Mahometan; but these are almost wholly worthless, and throughout the following pages, excepting in a single instance, no notice has been taken of them. The writer's strong conviction has been that it is from Scripture, almost entirely, if not entirely, that we must learn the facts of Moses' life, and deduce our estimate of his character. He believes that in the four later Books of the Pentateuch we have an actual, though rot an intentional, autobiography. Without going the length of saying that the whole of Denteronomy is the composition of Moses, he regards it as a faithful report of discourses held by Moses during the later portion of his life, collected after his

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