Dynamite aud lithofracteur, per Íb. Dates and fruit, dried, or preserved, per lb. Drugs, including all articles of the kind and form used as medicines, 15 per cent. ad val. (N.G. 10 p.c.) Firearms, 20 per cent. ad val. (N.G. 10 p.c.) Galvanised iron, in bars, sheets, bundles, or corrugated, per ton Ginger Gelatine, isinglass Hams or cured pork, per lb. Honey, per lb. Iron wire (black) and iron bars, rods, plates, sheets, and bundles, per ton Jewellery, 20 p.ct. ad val. (N.G. 10 p.ct.) Jams and jellies, per lb. Kerosene, not less than 150°, per gal. Ditto, all other tests, per gal. Lead (including shot and bullets), per cwt. Laths, per 1,000 (N.G. 5 pct.) Methylated spirits, per gallon Molasses and treacle, per cwt. Malt, per bushel Mustard, per lb. Macaroni and vermicelli, per lb. Mace, per lb. Machinery oil, per gallon Nuts (all kinds except cocoanuts), per lb. Oatmeal, per lb. Opium, per lb. Oils of all kinds (except oils for medicinal use), per gallon Oil, perfumed and perfumery, 15 p.ct. ad val. (N.G. 10 p.et.). Oats, per bushel Powder (sporting), per lb. Paper, brown (wrapping and printing), and paper bags, per cwt. Palings, per 1,000 (N.G. 5 p.ct.) 30 0 1 New Guinea. s. d. 8. d. 00000 12100 Soap (hard and soft), per lb. Ditto (fancy, scented, or medi cated), 15 per cent. ad val. (N.G. 5 p.ct.). 0 1 Salt, saltpetre, and soda (crystals), per ton 10 0 Shingles, per 1,000 (N.G. 5p. ct.) 20 4 0 Sugar, per lb. free 0 01 Timber, undressed, per 100 feet superficial. Timber, dressed or surfaced, per 100 feet superficial. 0 1 Tobacco, manufactured, per lb. 3 0 Ditto (unmanufactured), per lb. 1 0 1 0 Turpentine, per gallon 9 Varnish, per gallon 10 6 6 0 3 Vinegar, per gallon, in bulk or bottle Wine, Bordeaux (claret), Australian, in bulk or bottle, per gall. Wine, other, in bulk or bottle, per gall. Wine, sparkling, per gall. Wire rope, per ton Hardware and ironmongery, 12 p. ct. ad val. (N.G. 10 p. ct.). The following articles are subject to an ad valorem duty of 10 per cent., those in brackets thus [ ] free in N. G.:-[Anchors]; brushware, boots and shoes, basketware, blacking, bathbrick, baking powder, boxes and trunks (wood, leather, and metal); chutney, [cement], crockery, clocks, carriages, [chains (galvanised), chains (black inch in diameter and under)], cutlery, cartridges, chinaware; [doors], drapery (including apparel and slops, and all materials composed wholly or in part of cotton, silk, linen or wool); earthenware; fish [dried], preserved, and [salt], [furniture], fuze, fireworks, floorcloth; glass and glassware, [galvanised manufactures], [grindstones], glue,† gutta percha or indiarubber (or manufactures of, in whole or in part); hats, hollow ware; ink, [iron tanks]; leather, leather-ware (all manufactures in whole or in part of leather), lines (fishing, clothes, lead, and similar lines); matches, matting, musical instruments; [nails]; oilman's stores, [oakum]; [paints, (wet or dry)], pickles, paper (writing and fancy), potted meat, printed forms, plate powder, pipes (tobacco), pictures, picture frames, [printing material (type, paper, ink)], plated ware; sauces. [sashes and shutters], [sewing machines], [sails] and [tents], stationery, sponges, [steel]; toys, tinware, twine; umbrellas and parasols; vegetables (preserved); whiting, woodenware (including implement handles), workboxes, wall paper, whips and walking sticks*; zinc and zinc manufactures. List of Articles Exempt from Duty. Articles in [] free in New Guinea only. Agricultural implements and machines, and parts thereof, animals, anchors (black); biscuits (unsweetened) ballast (ships-pig and scrap iron), béche-de-mer, [boats and vessels and sails], books 10 0 and periodicals (printed), [maps, charts, school models], boiler-plates, bags, and sacks; casks and tanks for exporting molasses [produce], coin, 14 0 12 0 Starch, per lb. 0 3 0 1 *New Guinea 5 per cent. † New Guinea Id. per lb. FIJI. copper-sheathing, [chains], chain cables (black) over three-sixteenth inch in diameter, coal, coke, cocoanut fibre, cocoanuts, copra, cotton, curiosities, canvas (No. 1 to 6), copper (rods); drain pipes, flour, felt; [engines]; garden seeds, grain and meal], guano; hides, horns; iron and steel rails; lead for lining tea-chests, living oysters, [lithographic material], luggage (personal); machinery (mining, sawing, paper-making, steam-engines and boilers), meat (preserved and salt), malures, metals (old), metal, yellow, for sheathing, matting for ships' dunnage, mats for sugar; nets, fishing; [oakum, oars, ores; paving-stones, pitch, plants, powder (blasting), pug mills; poliard; resin; sandalwood, shell (tortoise and pearl), skins, slates for roofing, South Sea Island produce, steel punts and lighters and material for building the same, steel railway sleepers; tar; water-pipes, woolpacks, outside packages in which goods are ordinarily contained, sulphur, tin, cut for exporting produce, sharps; sulphur; [vegetables, fresh]; [wire (fencing) and wire netting]. £ s. d. 5 0 0 There are no export duties in New Guinea, The total revenue from customs dues in 1888 was 24,5717. 123. 4d. Sir Hercules Robinson, K.C.M.G. E. L. Layard, C.M.G., Admin. Lieut.-Gov. Des Voeux, C.M.G. G.C.M.G. J. B. Thurston, C.M.G., Act. Gov. Lieut.-Gov. Thurston, C.M.G. 1888, Feb. . . Sir J. B. Thurston, K.C.M.G. The Receiver General. The Commissioner of Lands. Dr. Corney, Acting Chief Medical Officer. Unofficial Members: 121 John Hill, George Morgan. James Murray, James Robertson, and Alex. M. T. Duncan, Esqrs. Clerk, James Stewart. Civil Establishment. Governor and Commander-in-Chief and High Com- DEPARTMENT OF COLONIAL SECRETARY. 2nd Clerk, Arthur Langton, 2507. DEPARTMENT OF RECEIVER GENERAL. Receiver General and Commissioner of Stamps, H. G. C. Emberson, 4001. Accountant, R. Scott, 3501. Cashier for Immigration Accounts, W. J. F. Hopkins (cadet), 251. Clerk, G. A. F. W. Beauclerc, 2007. Collector of Customs, and President of Marine Board, D. H. Smart, 4007. 1st Clerk and Comparing Officer, W. O. Groom, 2701. 2nd Clerk and Bond Keeper and Custodian of Powder Magazine, T. Thomson, 2601. R. Bentley, 2007. each. Sub-Collector of Customs, Levuka, Edgar C. Turner, Boarding Officer G. Gardiner, 2007., and 12. as Harbour Master, Levuka, W. W. Wilson, 1007. Inspectors of Native Plantations— R. M. Wilson, 3007., Adolph B. Joske, 1007., and Receivers of Native Tares, J. D. W. Vaughan, 36l., GOVERNMENT STORE. Government Storekeeper, J. D. W. Vaughan, 2751. IMMIGRATION DEPARTMENT. Agent-General of Immigration, The Receiver- Sub-Agent of Immigration, John Forster, 3007. Superintendent, Polynesian Depôt, H. T. Milne, 507. and quarters. Clerks and Hindustani Interpreters, J. W. Davidson 175l.;J. A. Millward, 1507., H. M. Michael, 1207. DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, SURVEYS, AND WORKS. Commissioner of Lands and Works and Crown Sur veyor, John Berry, 400/. Chief Clerk, Lands Department, and Clerk o the Executive Council, M. T. Dods (acting). Chief Medical Officer, B. G. Corney, 6007. Medical Officers, F. J. Pound, 3007., and 50l. allowance for house rent; J. M. Barnes, S. Oliver, C. W. Daniels, and G. W. A. Lynch, 3007., and quarters. Chief Warder, Public Lunatic Asylum, and Manager of Cemetery, Norman Smith, 1701., with quarters and board. Suva Hospital, Matron-Nurse, Miss Mary Anna Marshal, 75., and quarters and board. Accountant, Suva Hospital, W. Gibb, 50%. REGISTRAR GENERAL. Registrar-General and Registrar of Titles (acting), Mark T. Dods, 2501. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. Chief Justice and Judicial Commissioner for the Western Pacific, Henry Spencer Berkeley, 700, and 3007. from High Commission Funds. Registrar of Supreme Court, and Curator of Intestate Estates, John Langford, 400l., and 50%. from High Commission Funds. Attorney-General, John Symonds Udal, 5007. Commissioner of Rotumah, A. R. Mackay, 350l., (acting) F. C. B. D. Fuller. Commissioner of Colo East, W. S. Carew, 3007., and 1007. as Stipendiary Magistrate, Rewa. Commissioner of Colo West, S. F. Marriott, 3007., and 50. as European Officer, Armed Native Constabulary. Stipendiary Magistrates, H. Hunter, 400/.; A. Eastgate, C. R. Swayne, J. K. M. Ross, Wm. Sutherland, 3007. each; J. R. Farewell, R. M. Booth, and F. R. S. Baxendale, 2507. each and quarters; A. B. Joske, 2007. Superintendent of Police, John Fowler (acting), 2501. and quarters. Superintendent of Prisons, H. T. Milne, 2007. Sheriff, W. L. Coward, 1007. and fees. PROVINCIAL DEPARTMENT. Armed Native Constabulary. 507. European Officer, Colo West, S. F. Marriott, 751. Clerk and Second European Officer, 251. Printing Office. Government Printer, E. J. March, 4007. Machinist, E. Rolfe, 2207. Passed Cadets. F. S. Henry, W. J. F. Hopkins, F. C. Fuller, B. H. Thomson, 2001. each. The Gambia is a great river of Western Africa, falling into the Atlantic Ocean by a large estuary measuring in some parts nearly 27 miles across, but contracting to 10 miles between Bird Island and Cape St. Mary, and to little more than two between Barra Point and the town of Bathurst on St. Mary's Island. There are 26 feet of water over the bar of the river at low water. The town of Bathurst, 13° 24′ N. lat., 16° 36′ W. long., is situated on St. Mary's Island, a sandbank about three and a-half miles long and a mile and a quarter broad, separated from the mainland by a narrow channel called Oyster Creek. A large portion of the island is a swamp, the level of which is in many parts below that of the river. The Settlement on the river Gambia consists of the Island of St. Mary, British Combo, Albreda, the Ceded Mile, and McCarthy's Island, situated between the falls of Barraconda and Bathurst, and 180 miles distant from the latter. This island forms the line of demarcation between those portions of the river known as the upper and lower river. the whole of the latter being British waters. The total area of the Settlement is about 69 square miles. History. The Gambia was discovered by the early Portu Secretary and Commissioner for Native Affairs, the guese navigators, but they made no settlement. Assistant Native Commissioner and Clerk Native 13 Roko Tuis, or Native Administrators of Provinces, and one Assistant, with salaries varying from 100/. to 3407. There are also about 156 Bulis, or Administrators of Districts, and a number of other native officers with small salaries. * £50 extra as travelling allowance. In 1588 a patent was granted by Queen Elizabeth to some merchants in Exeter to trade with the Gambia, and in 1618 a Company was formed for this. It was not successful, and another estabbuilt on the island, now known as Fort James. lished two years later also failed. In 1664 a fort was In 1724, and subsequently till its abolition, the trade in slaves formed the staple traffic of the Company. The general commerce between Great Britain and the Gambia fell off after the abolition of the slave trade (1807) till 1816, when a new settlement was formed at the Island of St. Mary by British merchants from Senegal. The right of trade was abandoned to England by France in the treaty of 1783, with the exception of a French factory which was subsequently estab- From 1807 the settlement was subject to the Government of Sierra Leone, and was annexed to it by Act of Parliament in 1821, till in 1843 it was created an independent colony, with a Governor and Executive and Legislative Councils for the administration of its affairs. By the charter of 19th February, 1866, it became a portion of the Government of the West Africa Settlements, and continued to be so under the charter of the 19th December, 1874, until it was made a separate Government in 1888. McCarthy's Island was purchased in 1823; the Ceded Mile was granted by the King of Barra in 1826 and 1832; St. Mary's Island was ceded in 1827; and British Combo was granted by the King of Combo in various cessions in 1840, 1850, and 1855. Industry. The principal productions of the settlement and of the adjoining districts are ground nuts, hides, beeswax, rice, cotton, maize, corn, palm kernels, indiarubber, cola nuts, wax, and native "pagns" or country cloths. With the exception of the weaving of cotton into native cloths called pagns, the manufacture of vegetable oils, boat building, and some brick making, there are no manufacturing industries in the country. A considerable entrepôt trade is done with the French settlements and the adjoining coast districts, in cotton goods, spirits, rice, cola nuts, and hardware. Most of the exports go to France, but half of the imports come from England. Bathurst is a port of registry, and had on 31st Dec, 1888, 120 vessels registered, of 1,982 tons in the aggregate. The ground nut is the staple product of the Settlement. It is planted in June, and reaped in November, and largely exported to the South of Europe for the extraction of oil. The industry began in 1845, reached its climax in 1858, and has since declined, owing to the competition of other oil materials. Relations with the Interior. Education. The schools, which are wholly in the hands of the several denominations, receive grants in aid. There is one Anglican school (free), 8 Mohammedan, 3 Wesleyan, and 2 Roman Catholic, with Education is not about 1,400 scholars in all. compulsory, and fees are charged. Means of Communication. The Liverpool mail steamers call every fortnight, and there is also regular communication via Dakar with Bordeaux. Four telegraph cables place Bathurst in communication with Europe and West Africa. There are no railways, internal telegraphs, or metalled roads, save one from Bathurst to Cape St. Mary across the Oyster Creek Bridge, which connects the island of St. Mary with the mainland of British Combo. Horses will live, and the river forms an unrivalled higbway for 300 miles. The postage of letters to Europe, United States, and West Africa, is 4d. per. oz There is no internal post. Climate and Inhabitants. The climate is fairly healthy during the dry season. The mean temperature is 82°, the annual range being from 60° to 104°. The rainfall is about 44 inches, the rainy season being from June to October, and the cool Harmattan from November to February. The inhabitants are most of the negro race, the chief tribes being the Jollofs, Mandingoes, and Jolahs. There are about 50 Europeans in the colony, out of a population, in 1881, of 14,150. The town of Bathurst contains about 6,000 inhabitants. The population probably remains about the same as in 1881. Import Duties. (Ordinance 10 of 1883 and 2 of 1888.) Spirits or strong waters, except brandy, not sweetened or mixed, proof gal. Gin, not sweetened or mixed, per pf. gal. Rum, not sweetened or mixed, per pf. gal. Liqueurs, absinthe, cordial, or sweetened spirits, or sweetened strong waters, or spirit mixed with sweetened waters, imp. gal. 0 0 3 0 The Administrator of the Gambia exercises no jurisdiction over the population surrounding the Brandies (of any strength), imp. gal. British settlements, but friendly relations are culti-Tobacco unmanufactured, per pound vated with the native tribes. Stipends are paid and Tobacco manufactured and cigars, per lb. frequent presents made to the more influential Wines (of any strength), per imp. gal. 0 chiefs, in return for their services in preserving Claret in bulk peace and keeping the trade routes open. In the early part of the year 1881 an expedition was made under the command of Dr. Gouldsbury, Administrator, for the purpose of ascertaining the capabilities of the upper river as a highway for trade between the coast and the interior, and of reaching Timbo, the capital of the extensive Futa Jallon country. From thence the expedition returned to the coast at Sierra Leone, its report showing that but little extension of trade could be hoped for. Currency and Banking. The legal tender and usual currency is that of the Latin Union; there is no Colonial coinage and no note issue. A Government savings bank was established in 1886, and had on 31st Dec., 1888, 5167. deposited, but there are no private banks. 9 0 6 On all articles not subject to a specified 0 0 0 4 0 . There is an export duty of 68. 8d. per ton net weight on ground nuts. The total revenue from Customs in 1888 was 17,2281. SHIPPING ENTERED AND Unofficial Members, S. J. Forster and H. C. Goddard. CLEARED. 160,496 Clerk, R. H. Syrett. per annum. Colonial Surgeon, Thomas H. Spilsbury, 4007, Assistant Colonial Surgeon, Percy J. Rendall, M.D., (Brussels), 3007. Dispenser, George Spilsbury, 1001., and residence. Chief Magistrate, J. R. Maxwell, 6007., and fees. Registrar, W. C. Cater, 507. Clerk of Courts, W. C. Cates, 1501., and fees as Assistant Clerk of Courts, J. A. Martin, 501. Acting Police Superintendent, C. H. Sherrington. McCarthy's Island, E. A. M. Smith, 250., and house. Ditto British Combo, J. H. Finden, 1007. Foreign Consuls. Belgium, J. Topp, Vice-Consul. United States, H. C. Goddard, Vice-Consul. France, E. Pellegrin, Consular-Agent. Spain and Portugal, A. Dubois, Consul. 1884 C. A. Moloney, C.M.G. 1886 J. S. Hay, C.M.G. 1888 Gilbert T Carter, C.M.G. Executive Council. GIBRALTAR. Situation and Area. The Colony of Gibraltar consists of an elevated promontory, running southwards from the southwest coast of Spain, in N. lat 36° 6' 30'', and W. long. 5° 21 12". Its greatest elevation is 1,439 feet, its length is 23 miles, and its greatest breadth of a mile. Its area is 1 square miles. History. The rock of Gibraltar, the Mons Calpe of the ancients, remained under the dominion of the |