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for it. It is my constant companion." With these brief but emphatic eulogies we entirely agree. There is a peculiar mellowness and richness in the writings of Sibs, that we have seldom met with elsewhere. They are full of unction; they are marked by the strong impress of a character eminently holy and judicious; and they cannot be read, in a right frame of mind, without spiritual improvement. His very titles, with the exception of one or two rather unfortunate adaptations, give promise of the rich fare which they announce. A Fountain sealed -The Spiritual Man's aim-The Church's Echo-St. Paul's Challenge-The Soul's Conflict-The Riches of Mercy-God's Inquisition are the names of some of his treatises and sermons, and the attention which they bespeak, will be amply rewarded.

The volume before us contains four treatises which were designed, as it would appear from the general title, to have some kind of connexion with each other. The links, however, are not very obvious throughout, though a general combination may be traced by the aid of a little accommodation. The first, entitled "The Fountain opened, or the Mysterie of Godlinesse revealed," is founded on 1 Timothy iii. 16. The second, "Angels' Acclamations, or the Nativity of Christ, celebrated by the Heavenly Host," is from Luke ii. 13, 14. The third, "The Churches Riches by Christ's Poverty," is from 2 Corinthians viii. 9. The fourth, "The Rich Poverty, or the Poore-man's Riches," is from Zephaniah iii. 12. These important subjects are admirably treated; with perhaps a little redundancy of words, but on the whole in a fine strain of evangelical eloquence. After having illustrated the nature of the Gospel as a mystery, Sibs proceeds to inquire whether "the doctrine of

the Gospel itselfe onely be a mysterie?" and answers,

"No: all the graces are mysteries, every grace. Let a man once know it, and hee shall find, that there is a mysterie in faith; that the earthly soule of man should be carryed above it selfe, to beleeve supernaturall truths, and to depend upon that he sees not; to sway the life, by reasons spirituall: that the heart of man should beleeve, that a man in trouble should carry himselfe quietly and patiently, from supernaturall supports and grounds, it is a mysterie: that a man should be as a rocke, in the middest of a storme, to stand unmoveable, it is a mysterie: that the carriage of the soule should be turned universally, another way; that the judgement and affections should be turned backward, as it were; that hee that was proud before, should now be humble; that hee that was ambitious before, should now despise the vaine world; that hee that was given to his lusts and vanities before, should now, on the contrary, be serious, aud heavenly minded: here is a mysteric indeed, when

all is turned backward. Therefore wee see how Nicodemus (as wise as hee was) it was a riddle to him, when our blessed Saviour spake to him of the new-birth, that a man should be wholly changed, the same, and not the same; the same man for soule and body, yet not the same, in regard of a supernaturall life and being put into him, carrying him manner, by other rules and respects, as another way, leading him in another much different from other men, as a man differs from a beast."-pp. 12, 13.

and new-molded; that a man should be

compared to all other mysteries. Creation "It (religion) is a great mysterie, if

was a great mysterie; for all things to be made out of nothing; order, out of confusion; for God to make man a earth, it was a great matter: but what is glorious creature, of the dust of the this in comparison, for God to be made man? It was a great and wondrous thing, for Israel to be delivered out of Egypt and Babylon: but what are those, to the deliverance out of hell, and damnation, by the Gospel? What are the mysteries of nature, the miracles of nature, the loadstone, &c. to these supernaturall mysteries? There are mysteries in the providence of God, in governing

the world; mysteries of Satan, mysteries of iniquity, that deceive the world: the

wise men of the world all wonder at the

beast; a great mysterie: but what are all mysteries, either of nature, or hell, to

this great mysterie ?"—pp. 37, 38.

"Being a mysterie, it cannot be

38

Literaria Rediviva:-Sibs's Light from Heaven.

raysed out of the principles of nature, it cannot be raysed from reasons.

"But hath reason no use then in the Gospel?

"Yes; sanctified reason hath, to draw sanctified conclusions from sanctified principles; thus farre reason is of use in these mysteries, to shew, that they are not opposite to reason; they are above reason, but they are not contrarie to it; even as the light of the sunne it is above the light of a candle, but it is not contrarie to it. The same thing may be both the object of faith, and of reason. The immortalitie of the soule, it is a matter of faith; and it is well proved by the heathen, by the light And it is a delightfull thing to the soule, in things that reason can conceive of, to have a double light; for the more light, the more comfort; to have both the light of nature, and the light of grace, and of God's Spirit."p. 22.

of reason.

In the last of these treatises, under the head, "God must be trusted in," there is much excellent matter of which we shall give a specimen.

"God brings us home by a contrary way to that we fell from him. How did we fall from God at the first, that was our Rock, our defence and trust?

We fell from him by distrust, by having him in a jealousie, as if he aimed more at himselfe, then at our good; so that the devill perswaded our first parents: the next way therefore to come back againe to God, it must be to have a good conceit of God, not to have him in jealousie;

but to be convinced in our soules that he loves us, better then we can love ourselves (in spight of the devill and all his temptations:) so to trust God is to relye upon him in life and death: therefore God hath appointed this grace, as he saith here. They shall trust in the name of the Lord."-p. 136.

"One evidence of this trust in this our God, is a care to please him in all things. When we depend upon any men, wee have a care to please them. A tenant that feares to be thrust out, will strive to please his landlord. We that hold all upon this tenure, upon faith and trust in God, we should feare to displease him.

"And there will be likewise an use of all meanes to serve God's providence and care of us, if wee trust in him; or else it is a tempting and not a trusting. There are no men more carefull of the use of meanes then those that are surest of a good issue and conclusion: for the one stirs up diligence in the other; assurance of the end, stirs up diligence

JANUARY

in the meanes. For the soule of a be-
leeving Christian knowes that God hath
decreed both, both fall under the same
decree; when God purposed to doe such
a thing, he purposed to do it by such and
such meanes. Trust therefore is with
diligence in the use of all meanes that
God hath ordained. He that trusts a
physician's skill, will be very carefull to
observe what was prescribed, and will
omit nothing. It is but presumption, it
is not trust where there is not a care in
the use of meanes: as wee sec many pre-
tend to trust in God, and sever the
meanes from the end, they are regardlesse
of the meanes of salvation.

"Againe, those that trust in God, they are quiet when they have used the Faith hath a quieting power,

meanes.

it hath a power to still the soule, and to
take up the quarrels, and murmuring,
and grudgings that are there, and to set
the soule down quiet: because it pro-
poseth to the soule greater grounds of
comfort, then the soule can see any cause
of discomfort; the soule being reason-
able, yeelds to the strength of the reason.
Now when faith propounds grand com-
forts against all discouragements what-
soever, that overcomes them, that is
greater in the way of comfort, then other
things in the way of discouragement, the
soule is quiet, it hopes comfort will be
had, the soule is silent and at rest. We
see in Psal. 43. when there was a mutiny
in David's soule, by reason of the per-
plexed state he was in, he fals a chiding
downright with his soule, Why art thou
disquieted, O my soule! and why art thou
troubled? But how doth he take up the
contention? Trust in God, he is thy God.
So that wheresoever there is faith, there
is a quiet soul first or last: there will be
stirring at the first, the waters of the
soule will not be quiet presently. As in
a paire of ballance, there will be a little
stirring when the weight is put in till
there will be poise: so in the soule there
will be some stirring and moving, it
comes not to a quiet consistance, till
there be some victory of faith with some
conflict, till at length it rest, and stay
the soule. for this power faith hath to
quiet the soule, because it bottomes the
soule so strongly (there is reason for it)
it sets the soule upon God: and upon
his promises. Therefore he that trusts in
God is as mount Sion, you may stir him
sometime, and move him; but you
cannot remove him; the soule is quiet,
because it is pitched upon a quiet ob-
ject."-137-139.

We shall only extract farther, a few of the closing sentences.

"What a happy condition is he in, that hath learned to inure his soule to trust in God, for the removall of all ill,

:

and for the obtaining of all good, he is sure of all. For God is a sunne, and a shield, a sunne for all that is good, and a shield to defend us from all ill; hee is so to all that trust in him, he is a buckler, and an exceeding great reward, he is a buckler to award and shield ill from us, and an exceeding great reward for all that is good therefore in how happy a condition is the soule that is acquainted with this blessed exercise of trusting and beleeving in God? It is a state wherein we shall be kept from all ill. I meane from the ill of ills, not from the ill of sense, but from the ill of ills, and from the poyson of all ill. Whatsoever ill we endure, there shall be comfort mixed with it, and it is better to have it, then the comfort: what a comfort is this? they that trust in the Lord, shall want nothing that is good. He that trusts in the Lord, is as a tree planted by the river side, Jer. 17. He shall alway have his leafe flourishing, and beare fruit, because he is at the well-head. He that hath the spring can never want water; and he that is in the sunne can never want light; he that is at the great feast, can never want provision; he that hath learned to trust in God, and can improve what is in him, what can he want? Oh it is the scarcenesse of our faith that we want comfort, as our faith is, so is our comfort, and if we could bring a thousand times larger faith to graspe the promises, we should carry away larger comfort and strength."--pp. 156, 157.

Without entering into a formal examination and estimate of the works at large of this excellent and eminent man, we shall take this opportunity of inserting a few paragraphs from his other publications. His "Divine Medita

tions" contain much that is highly valuable, and impressive-much that may be read with gratification and profit. e. g.

"To discern your state in grace, chiefly look to your affections, for they are intrinsical, and not subject to hypocrisy. Men of great parts know much, and so doth the devil, but he wants love. In fire, all things may be painted but the heat; so all good actions may be done by an hypocrite, but the sacred fire of a divine love, for offerring the sacrifice, he hath not. Oh! therefore chiefly examine the truth and sincerity of your affections towards God, whose name is love.

"We may be blest with large views of the love of God, but can never possibly comprehend it; all the fruits of his love will for ever surpass our finite understandings. The Holy Spirit is graciously

given, to take away the veil, and to make report of it to our souls; then, as soon as the love of Christ is apprehended, it constrains us to all holy duties; not as fire out of a flint, but as water out of a spring. The love of a wife to her husband may begin from the supply of her necessities, but afterwards, she may also love his person: so the soul first loves Christ for salvation, but when it is brought to him, and finds what sweetness there is in him, then the soul loves him for himself, and esteems his person, as well as rejoices in his benefits.

"It should be our continual care to manifest sincerity of heart towards God, in our several callings; and this is done, when we look at God in every action, and endeavour to yield our souls entirely to the whole will of God, serve him with all the heart, and perform the work of our callings by his spirit, according to his word, and promote his glory: if we thus labour to approve ourselves to him, whatsoever be the issue, we shall be endued with holy boldness, and enjoy much inward peace and comfort, having, by his grace, carried ourselves as in the sight of God, and advanced his glory.”pp. 280-282.

"The Christian's Portion," is a sterling sermon, from 1 Corinthians, iii. 21, 22, 23. The division is as follows:-1. All persons are yours.-2. All things are yours.

-3. All events are yours. Persons, Paul, Apollos, Cephas.-Things, the world, or life, or death. Events, whatsoever can come, for the present, or for time to come. "All are yours." We shall take part of the illustration of the third particular of the second head.

"As life is ours, so death is ours. It

is a strange thing that death should be ours, which is a destroying hostile thing to nature, the king of fears,' as the scripture calls it; and that terrible of all terribles,' as the philosopher terms it;

the last enemy,' as Paul saith-that death should be ours. Death is ours many ways; you see here it is a piece of our jointure; for these words contain the jointure of the church. The church is Christ's spouse, all things are Christ's; and, therefore, all things are the spouse's; and, among other particular gifts, given to the church, death is ours.' It is a strange thing that death should be given to the church, and yet so it is; and we shall see this, if we consider how death, in the gospel, is turned into another thing; it is a harmless thing in the gospel, the sting is pulled out, it hath

lost all its venom in Christ. Now death is a passage to another world, it is the gate of glory; death does nothing but divest us of these raiments that we have here on our bodies, and puts us into garments of glory; it puts off these rags, and puts us into a better condition, that is all the hurt it doth; it ends all that is ill, and all is determined in death; it is the last evil, and it is the beginning of all that is good, that is everlastingly good, that is spiritually good, and eternally good; for by death we are freed from the labour of sin, which is a labour irksome to God's people, by reason of a principle of corruption which they have in them, that accompanies them till they be in their grave. Death is the accomplishment of mortification; in death there is an end of the labour of sin, and of all other labours whatsoever; for death is a sleep, and all labour ends in sleep; and as, after sleep, the spirits are refreshed, so, after death, we shall be more refreshed than we can conceive now. So death is ours; it ends all labours of sin, and all labours of the body, and it frees us from all contagion of wicked men, and from all grief from wicked men, and it sets us clear out of satan's reach; satan hath nothing to do with us when we are dead once; because the world here is the kingdom of satan. But when we are gone hence, satan hath nothing to do with us, and that is a great privilege. So death is ours, it frees us from all that is evil, our death. is cur birth-day. Indeed, we never live till we die; for what is your life? alas! it is a dying life. Every day we live, a part of our life is taken away-we die every day."

Dr. Doddridge, when characterising Dr. Sibs, selected, as particularly worthy of praise, his "Bruised Reed," and his "Soul's Conflict." The latter was first preached in a series of sermons, and, notes having been taken, there was some danger of surreptitious publication. To prevent this, the discourses were thrown into the form of a regular treatise, and published by the author. This work is fraught with experimental knowledge, and has contributed to the comfort of many a dejected follower of the Lamb. The annexed passage contains much useful discrimination and instruction.

"We must remember, though the main pillar of our comfort be in the free forgiveness of our sins; yet if there be a

neglect of growing in holiness, the soul will never be soundly quiet, because it will be prone to question the truth of justification, and it is as proper for sin to raise doubts and fears in the conscience, as for rotten flesh and wood to breed worms; and therefore we may well join this as a cause of disquietness;

the neglect of keeping a clear conscience.' Sin, like Achan, or Jonas in the ship, is that which causeth storms within and without; where there is

not a pure

conscience, there is not a pacified conscience, and therefore though some, thinking to cure themselves whole in justification, neglect the cleansing of their natures, and ordering of their lives; yet in time of temptation, they will find it more troublesome than they think. For a conscience guilty of many neglects, and of allowing itself in any sin, to lay claim to God's mercy, is to do as we see mountebanks sometimes do, who wound their flesh, to try conclusions on their own bodies, how sovereign the salve is;, yet oftentimes they come to feel the smart of their presumption, by long and despe rate wounds. So God will let us see what it is to make wounds, to try the preciousness of his balm; such may go mourning to their graves. And though, perhaps, with much wrestling with God, they may get assurance of the pardon of their sins, yet their conscience will be still trembling (like as David's, though Nathan had pronounced unto him the forgiveness of his sin,) till God at length speaks further peace, even as the water of the sea after a storm, is not presently still, but moves and trembles a good while after the storm is over. A Christian is a new creature, and walketh by rule, and so far as he walketh ' according to this rule, peace is upon him.' Loose walkers that regard not their way must

think to meet with sorrow instead of peace. Watchfulness is the preserver of peace. It is a deep spiritual judgment to find peace in an ill way."

Dr. Sibs was a sound practical divine of the Calvinistic school. Trail, in his masterly vindication of the Protestant doctrine of justification, mentions the following anecdote.

"I have heard that Dr. Thomas Goodwin was, in his youth, an Arminian, or at least inclining that way; but was, by the Lord's grace, brought off by Dr. Sibs, his clearing up this same point, of Christ being the head, and representative of all his people."

Dr. Sibs died, master of Catherine Hall, Cambridge, in 1635, at the age of 58.

The whole Works of W. Tyndall, John Frith, Doctor Barnes, three worthy Martyrs, and principall teachers of this Church of England. Collected and compiled in one tome together, beyng before scattered, and now in print here exhibited to the Church. To the prayse of God and profite of all good Christian readers. At London, printed by John Daye. An. 1573.

FEW men have benefited their country more than Master William Tyndall. Among the worthies of the Reformation he occupies a distinguished place, and his name will be had in everlasting remembrance. The shafts of calumny have been aimed in vain; and the tongue of slander, so characteristic of popish bigotry, has never been able to sully his fair and well earned fame.

Truth-mighty truth-made error and corruption shrink before it, and though opposed by all the sophistry and cruelty of an interested hierarchy prevailed.

William Tyndall, by his Translation of the Scriptures, made way for the free march of knowledge, and did more for the enlightening of the world than if he had spent his life in the production of theological tracts and folios of controversy. Instead of drinking from streams, polluted (at least in many cases) by the mixture of human passions, men went at once to the fountain head, and from it might draw the unadulterated water of life. Notwithstanding all the cavillings of interested priests, the Bible was then, as it is now, sufficient to give correct views of the way of salvation, without the assistance of a mere human composition; it was found able to make men wise unto salvation, through faith, which is in Christ Jesus. Deadly errors were not found among the common people, who read the Bible with attention and with prayer; but among those who neglected the sacred volume, or who sought to keep it from the poor, the ignorant, and the enquiring. By the circulation of the Bible, and the opportunity the people had (for a time at least) of reading a copy in each parish church, the good seed was sown, and it soon began to produce fruit notwithstanding the blighting influence of a vacillating and unprincipled priesthood, who in three or four reigns could change their religion as many times. A mournful

In viewing the Reformation, as an emancipation from delusion, and from a cruel and unfeeling superstition, as bringing to England not only the blessings of our enlightened system of religion, but also conferring the elements of a new existence in intellectual pursuits, we cannot but feel interested in tracing the causes which, in a few years, produced such astonishing effects in this country. We cannot but experience pleasure in marking the first dawnings of a new and distinguished era, in the history of the human mind as well yet instructive proof of the danas of the church of God. Among ger resulting to religion, when the other causes we may consider one State has the controuling direcof the principal to be the translation of it, and the power of abrotion of the Scriptures into the vulgar tongue, and the circulation of them throughout England. It was this that broke the magic spell which had hitherto bound the ignorant votaries of Rome. CONG. MAG. No. 78.

gating and enacting laws which have often struck at the root of pure and undefiled religion. When political considerations govern instead of the word of God, the friends of truth need to be always G

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