County Municipal As- 278693 278085 274471 287768 304382 308092 319154 351873 362375 372743 385284 492481 531391 601351 606538 758467 793161 858305

The Expenditure.

1. The amount paid by trustees for salaries of teachers in 1877 was $2,038,099-increase, $199,778. This is the largest increase under this item that has ever taken place in any one year since the establishment of our present school system; and taken in connection with a marked advance in the higher grade of certificate (See Table D.) would seem to prove the complete success of the efforts lately made to improve the professional status, and raise the remuneration of the Public School Teacher.

2. For maps, globes, prize books and libraries, $47,539, decrease, $1,542. The Legislative aid given to trustees (through the Educational Depository) for these objects was, $18,104.

3. For rent and repairs of School-houses, &c., $510,457-increase, $21,671.

4. For sites and building of School-houses, $477,392 -decrease, $152,872. For several years after the passage of the School Act of 1871, a large amount was yearly expended in the erection of new school-houses, so that the country is now tolerably well supplied with them. A decrease of this item may therefore be expected for some years to The decrease for the City of Toronto alone in 1877 was $42,153.

come.

5. Total expenditure for all Public School purposes, $3,073,489 -increase, $67,033. 6. Balance of School Moneys not paid at the end of the year when the returns were made, $349,696-decrease, $37,503.

II. TABLE B.-SCHOOL POPULATION, AGES OF PUPILS, l'UPILS ATTENDING PUBLIC SCHOOLS, AVERAGE ATTENDANCE.

The Statute requires that the trustees' returns of School population shall include the entire number of children resident in their School Division; and it confers the equal right of attending the Schools upon all residents in such divisions, between the ages of five and twenty-one years.

1. The School population (comprising only children between the ages of five and sixteen years) reported by trustees was 494,804-decrease, 7,446.

2. The number of pupils between the ages of five and sixteen years attending the Schools, was 469,241-increase, 4,877. Number of pupils of other ages attending the Schools, 21,619-decrease, 4,554. Total number of pupils attending the Schools, 490,860. -increase, 323.

3. The number of boys attending the Schools, 261,070-increase, 261. The number of girls attending the Schools, 229, 790-increase, 62.

4. The number reported as not attending any School is 15,974. These were between the ages of seven and twelve years, which are the ages fixed by the Statute, during which all the children of a School Division should be instructed in some School.

5. The average attendance, viz., the aggregate daily attendance divided by the legal number of teaching days in the year, was 217,184,-increase, 4,701.

III-TABLE C.-NUMBER OF PUPILS IN THE DIFFERENT BRANCHES OF INSTRUCTION.
This Table shows the number of pupils as classified under the new system.
IV.-TABLE D.-RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS, CERTIFICATES, ANNUAL SALARIES OF

TEACHERS.

1. Number of Teachers, Male and Female.- In the 5,140 schools reported, 6,468 teachers have been employed-increase, 283; of whom 3,020 are male teachers-increase, 240; and 3,448 are female teachers-increase, 43. It will thus be seen that there are about 400 more female than male teachers.

2. Religious Persuasions of Teachers.-Under this head there is little variation. The teachers are reported to be of the following persuasions :-Church of England, 972,increase, 30; Church of Rome, 812- increase, 33; Presbyterians, 2,022-increase, 148;

Methodists, 2,005-increase, 32; Baptists, 348-increase, 4; Congregationalists, 97increase, 23; Lutherans, 30; Quakers, 17; Christians and Disciples, 62; reported as Protestants, 54; Plymouth Brethren, 4; Unitarians 5; other persuasions, 40.

Of 812 teachers of the Church of Rome, 478 are employed in the Public Schools, and 334 are teachers of R. C. Separate Schools.

3. Teachers' Certificates.-Total number of certificated or licensed teachers reported, is 6,468 increase, 283; Provincial Certificates, 1st class, 250-increase, 9; 2nd class, 1,304-increase, 103; County Board Certificates of the Old Standard, 1st class, 371decrease, 1; 2nd class, 134-decrease, 5; 3rd class, 14-decrease 37; New County Board, 3rd class Certificates, 3,926-increase, 238; Interim Certificates, 469-decrease, 24.

4. Annual Salaries of Teachers.-The highest salary paid to a male teacher in a County, $800-the lowest, $100; in a City, the highest, $1,000-the lowest, $450; in a Town, the highest, $1,100-the lowest, $300. The average salary of male teachers in Counties, was $379-of female teachers, $260; in Cities, of male teachers, $735,-of female teachers, $307; in Towns, of male teachers, $583,- of female teachers, $269. The average increase of male teachers' salaries for the Province during 1877, is $14 per male teacher, $12 per female teacher.

V. TABLE E.-SCHOOL BOARDS AND RURAL SCHOOL CORPORATIONS.

1. The number of Urban School Boards was as follows:-In Cities, 14; in Towns, 81; in incorporated Villages, 131, being a total of 226, and showing an increase of 6. 2. The number of Urban School-houses was as follows:-In Cities, 104; in Towns, 199; in Incorporated Villages, 180.

3. The total number of pupils in Urban Schools registered during the year was, in Cities, 40,273; in Towns, 51,453; in incorporated Villages, 42,803 ; and the average daily attendance was, in Cities, 22,856; in Towns, 27,501; in incorporated Villages, 19,550.

4. The number of Township School Boards was 3, that is to say, in the following Townships-Enniskillen, Tuckersmith and Macaulay.

5. The number of Rural School Sections was, 4,736-increase, 104. The number of Rural Schools reported as kept open, was 4,657-increase, 75.

6. The increase in number of Rural School-houses was 199. (This increase is evidently high as the return of School-houses in 1877 appears to have been understated by about 100). Of late years there has been a most satisfactory improvement in the school-houses, and in stone, brick, and frame taking the place of the old log-built School-houses.

7. The whole number of School-houses reported is 5,148, of which 1,445 are brick, 526 stone, 2,446 frame, 731 log.

8. Titles to School Sites.- Freehold, 4,927-increase, 239; Rented, 221-decrease, 17. 9. School Visits.-By Inspectors, 12,392-increase, 725; by Clergymen, 7,877-increase, 835; by Municipal Councillors and Magistrates, 2,343- decrease, 193; by Judges and Members of Parliament, 352-decrease, 240; by Trustees, 21,919-increase, 42; by other persons, 54,149-increase, 6,496. Total School visits 99,032-increase, 8,051. Trustees especially are bound to show zeal and interest in Public School Education and by personal visits to the schools, and counsel to parents, incite them to educate their children. 10. School Lectures.-By Inspectors, 657-decrease, 211; by other persons, 232-decrease, 52.

11. Time of Keeping the Schools Open.-The average time of keeping the Schools open, exclusive of holidays, vacations and Sundays, was two hundred and four days in 1877. The actual number of legal teaching days was 220.

12. Public School Examinations.-The whole number of Public School Examinations was 10,880-decrease, 93; though less than two for each School. The law requires that there should be in each School a public quarterly examination, of which the teacher should give notice to trustees and parents of pupils, and to the school visitors (clergymen, magistrates, &c.,) resident in the School Section. Such examinations being tests of efficiency on the part of teachers, and of progress on the part of pupils, cannot fail to produce beneficial effects on Public Schools.

13.--School Prizes and Merit Cards.-The number of Schools in which prizes are reported as having been distributed to reward and encourage meritorious pupils is 1,728. decrease, 26.

14. Prayers and Ten Commandments. Of the 5,140 schools reported, the daily exercises were opened and closed with prayers in 4,281 of them-increase 108; and the Ten Commandments were taught in 2,971-decrease, 54. While the law provides that "no child can be compelled to be present at religious instruction, reading or exercise, against the wish of his parents or guardians expressed in writing," the Department has framed regulations of a recommendatory nature on the subject, with forms of prayers, in the earnest hope that School Boards, Trustees and Teachers may thus be better enabled to impress upon their pupils the principles and duties of our common Christianity. In 4,281, out of 5,140 Schools, religious exercises of the kind recommended by the Department are voluntarily practised.

15. Maps.-Maps are used in 4,666 Schools-increase, 63. Total number of maps used in Schools, 37,493-increase, 619.

16. The total value of Public School property is reported as $6,624,169, or an average of $1,218 per school.

VI. TABLE F.-ROMAN CATHOLIC SEPARATE SCHOOLS.

1. The number of Roman Catholic Separate Schools is 185-increase during the year, 18.

2. Receipts.-The amount apportioned and paid by the Department of Education from the Legislative Grant to Separate Schools according to average attendance of pupils as compared with that at the Public Schools in the same Municipalities, was $12,375 — decrease, $556. The amount apportioned and paid for the purchase of maps, prize books and libraries, upon the usual condition of an equal sum being provided from local sources, was $1,231-decrease, $238. The amount of School rates from the supporters of Separate Schools, was $72,177--increase, $10,923. The amount subscribed by supporters of Separate Schools, and from other sources, was $34,481-increase, $3,654. Total amount received from all sources was $120,266-increase, $13,783.

3. Expenditure-For payment of teachers, $70,200-increase, $7,179; for maps, prize books and libraries, $2,810-decrease, $392; for other School purposes, $47,255increase, $6,995.

4. Pupils. The number of pupils reported as attending the Separate Schools was 24,952-decrease, 342. Average attendance, 12,549-decrease, 230.

5. The whole number of teachers employed in the Separate Schools was 334-increase, 32; male teachers, 105-increase, 10; female teachers, 229-increase, 22.

6. The same table shows the branches taught in the Separate Schools, and the number of pupils in each branch; also the number of schools using maps.

VII. TABLE G.-HIGH SCHOOLS, RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE, PUPILS, NUMBER OF SCHOOLS.

Receipts.-The balances reported from the preceding year (that is, of moneys not paid out by the 31st December, 1877), were $16,666-increase, $665. The amount received by the High School Boards from. Legislative grant for the salaries of teachers, was $75,158 -decrease, $1,271. The amount of Legislative grant apportioned for maps, prize books, etc., was $1,563-decrease, $4. The amount of Municipal Grants in support of High Schools was $158,794-increase, $1,969. The amount received for pupils' fees was $20,752increase, $630. Balances of the preceding year and other sources, $84,585-increase, $16,675. Total receipts, $357,520-increase, $36,389.

Expenditure.-For salaries of masters and teachers, $211,607-increase, $15,701 ; for building, rent and repairs, $51,417-increase, $5,201; for fuel, books and contingencies, $76,297-increase, $17,248; for maps, prize books, apparatus and libraries, $4,387-in

crease, $611. Total expenditure for the year 1877, $343,710-increase, $38,761. Balance of money's not paid out at the end of the year, $13,810-decrease, $2,372.

Number of Pupils, 9,229-increase, 688.

Number of Schools, 104.

VIII. TABLE H.-HIGH SCHOOLS, NUMBER OF PUPILS IN THE VARIOUS BRANCHES, MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.-HEAD MASTERS AND THEIR UNIVERSITIES.

Table H shows both the subjects taught and the number of pupils in each subject in each of the High Schools, the names, university degree (or certificate) of the Head Master, and the number of masters employed in each School, &c.

No. of Pupils.-In English Grammar and Literature, 8,819; in Composition, 8,772; in Reading, Dictation and Elocution, 8,762; in Penmanship, 6,807; in Linear Drawing, 2,755; in Book-keeping, 3,621; in Arithmetic, 9,227; in Algebra, 8,678; in Geometry, 8,113; in Logic, 9; in Mensuration, 4,435; in History, 9,106; in Geography, 9,158: in Natural Philosophy, 2,168; in Chemistry, 2,547; in Natural History, 325; in Physiology, 539; in French, 3,091; in German, 442; in Latin, 4,955; in Greek, 871; in Gymnastics and Drill, 1,067.

Of the School-houses, 74 were of brick, 20 stone, 9 frame; 6 were rented or leased, the remainder freehold. The tendency everywhere is to improve the buildings and grounds required for High School purposes, so as to make each High School worthy of its now recognized position of being the local College.

57 High Schools were under Union High and Public School Boards. The Grammar School at Kingston was established in 1791 ; at Cornwall, in 1809; at Brockville, in 1818; at Niagara, in 1808; at St. Catharines, in 1828. Many of the present High Schools and Collegiate Institutes represent the old Grammar Schools established in the several Districts of the former Province of Upper Canada. 2,003 maps were used in the 103 High Schools; 53 Schools use the Bible; in 90 there were daily prayers; 145 pupils matriculated at some University during 1877; 555 pupils entered mercantile life; 328 adopted agriculture as a pursuit; 564 joined the learned professions; 876 went to other occupations. The position of the High Schools as an essential and integral part of our educational system, is now well understood, as well as their practical value. They constitute the necessary steppingstone between the Public Schools and the University, and upon their efficiency depends the success of our efforts in opening the avenues of learning to every child in the Province, as well as in affording to each youth of ability the opportunity for the highest intellectual career. The High School is intended to meet in each county the requisites of higher education, just as the Public School in each section is established to furnish elementary instruction. Under the amended Regulations of this year for the training of Public School Teachers, they will also become the chief source of supply for educating candidates in the different subjects prescribed for the non-professional examination for Second and Thirdclass Public School Teachers' Certificates.

IX. TABLE I.-NORMAL SCHOOLS.

Table I contains three abstracts, the first of which gives the gross number of applications, the number that had been teachers before entering the Normal Schools, attendance of teachers-in-training, certificates, and other particulars respecting them; the second abstract gives the counties from whence these students have come; and the third gives the religious persuasion of these students.

Table I shows that of the 7,883 students admitted (out of 8,713 applicants) to the Toronto Normal School since the beginning, 3,834 of them had been teachers; and of those admitted, 3,928 were males, and 3,955 were females. Of the 3,928 male candidates admitted, 2,599 of them had been teachers; of the 3,955 female candidates admitted, 1,235 of them had been teachers. The number admitted during the session of 1877 was 177. Of these, 67 were males, and 110 females. Of the male students admitted, 40 had been teachers; of the female students admitted, 54 had been teachers. Eighty students were