COURSE OF STUDY FOR THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF ONTARIO.-Concluded

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PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF ONTARIO.

Hints for the Guidance of Teachers, to accompany the Public School Programme.

The Programme.-The Programme has been constructed with reference to thoroughly graded Schools. In Schools not so graded, and in rural Schools in which it may be impossible to maintain the distinction between classes very rigidly in all the subjects, some deviation from the Programme may, with the approbation of the Inspector, be made. At the same time, no considerable deviations will be permitted in the leading subjects. No Time Table is prescribed; but it is to be understoood that every Teacher shall frame one suited to the circumstances of his School.

Reading. The First Part of the First Book shall be taught from Tablet Lessons. Reading by phrases shall be commenced as early as possible; and such explanations should be given as may enable the pupil to read intelligently, as well as with the easy natural flow which characterizes good ordinary conversation. Clearness, fluency, force and naturalness are essential to good reading. As pupils learn to read principally by imitation, the Teacher's living voice alone can direct in the matter of correct accent, inflection, emphasis, and pronunciation. It is important that the pupils in the Second and higher classes should be regularly required to commit to memory selected passages in prose and verse; and the Teacher should be careful to see that in every case the selections are of decided literary excellence. Pupils in all the classes should be required from time to time to give in their own language a summary of the reading lessons.

Arithmetic.-Accuracy and expertness in performing elementary operations are of the first importance. Problems based on the elementary rules should be given from the commencement of the Second Class. Constant practice in mental Arithmetic is essential. Great stress should be laid on the solution of questions by the Analytic method.

Geography.-The School House and its surroundings, with which the pupils are familiar, should be taken as the first subjects of lessons to give correct ideas of boundary and direction. Map Drawing should be practised from the beginning. Definitions in Physical Geography should be fully illustrated in all cases by blackboard drawings or otherwise.

Music and Drawing.-In Music and Drawing, the pupils in different classes may be taken together at the discretion of the Teacher.

Object Lessons. An object lesson is intended to develop the faculties rather than to store the mind with information. The Teacher should not tell the pupil anything that he can see or deduce for himself. Pupils should be taught (1) to observe; (2) to describe; (3) to compare and infer.

Grammar.-Grammar in the Third Class should be taught without a text-book. The functions and definitions of the essential parts of the simple sentence and of the parts of speech, and the rules for inflection, should be arrived at by induction.

Composition. Nearly every School exercise, whether oral or written, may be made an exercise in Composition. The Teacher should use especial care in requiring good English from his pupils in their answers in class or at examinations.

History. No text-book in Canadian History need be used by the pupils. The Teacher should, from his own knowledge of the subject, obtained by the study of the best histories within his reach, deliver his instructions orally. He should give prominence, according to the stage of advancement of his pupils, to the political and civil constitution of the Dominion, and of the Province of Ontario. In the Fourth Class, the pupils are expected to learn the most important facts in English History, to understand clearly what each one of them was, and to know why it is considered important. No details are to be learnt except those which have a bearing on such facts. For instance, as the great fact in the history of the seventeenth century is the struggle between King and Parliament, it is not necessary to pay much attention, in this class, to the reign of James I., or any to such events as the Great Plague, the Great Fire in London, or the Massacre of Glencoe. Very little time should be spent on the period before the Norman Conquest; and the dates committed to memory should be few and important.

The same principles should govern the Teacher in dealing with European History in the Fifth Class, and with the Stuart period in the Sixth. He should always remember that a comprehension of leading facts and general principles is more valuable than the most accu

rate knowledge of details, if unaccompanied by ability to distinguish what is important from what is not.

Throughout the course, the Teacher should bear in mind the interesting and valuable essons that may be deduced from the lives of the men and women who have played a prominent part in history.

Hygiene. By reference to the Programme, it will be observed that Hygiene, or the science of the laws of health, is to be taught, not from text-books, but by familiar lectures. All the pupils in the 4th, 5th and 6th classes should be made to listen to the lectures on this subject.

Morals. No text-book in Christian Morals, nor any specific instructions in that subject, have been prescribed. The Teacher, however, will grievously fail in his duty unless the whole tenor and tone of his instructions in the school-room, and his deportment generally, be not only consistent with the ordinary proprieties of life, but also characterized by a high moral tone. To his pupils he sets a standard of conduct; they insensibly learn his ways of speaking and acting; and any carelessness on his part may do lasting injury to their plastic minds. His business being to form their characters as well as to develop their moral facul ties, he should habitually strive to make and to improve opportunities of stamping good and deep impressions upon them.

XII.-PUBLIC SCHOOL REGULATIONS.

Copy of an Order in Council approved by His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor, the 22nd day of June A. D. 1877.

Upon the recommendation of the Honourable the Minister of Education, the Committee of Council advise that the annexed Regulations which are intended to come into effect at the end of the summer vacation of the Public Schools, viz: on the 25th day of August next, that is to say:

I. Certificates of qualification to teach in the Public Schools, and the conditions on which they are to be granted.

II. The Examination of Public School Teachers.

III. As to the training of First-class Teachers in the Normal School.
IV. As to the training of Second-class Teachers in the Normal School.

V. As to County Model Schools.

VI. As to Teachers' Associations.

VII. As to Public School Text Books.

VIII. As to High School Text Books.

IX. As to Authorization of Library and Prize Books to be approved of by Your Honour.

Certified.

(Signed)

J. LONSDALE CAPREOL,
Asst. Clerk, Executive Council, Ontario.

22nd June 1877.

REGULATIONS RESPECTING CERTIFICATES OF QUALIFICATION TO TEACH IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS, AND THE CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH THEY ARE TO BE GRANTED.

Approved by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council, and to come into force on and
after the 18th August, 1877.

I. THIRD-CLASS CERTIFICATES.

I. The conditions upon which County Boards are authorized to grant Third-class Certificates are as follows:

1. In order to be qualified to receive a Third-class Certificate, the candidate must be, if a male, eighteen years of age; if a female, seventeen.

2. The candidate must have passed the prescribed examination in literary and scien tific subjects.

3. Any person who shall pass the Intermediate examination, or the prescribed examination in literature and science for Second or First-class Certificates, shall be deemed to have passed the examination in literature and science prescribed for Third-class Certificates.

4. The candidate must subsequently have attended, for one session, at a County Model School, and must have obtained from the head master of such school, and from any examiners whom the Minister may appoint, a certificate of his fitness to teach. 5. He must produce evidence that he is of good moral character.

II. The duration and renewals of Third-class Certificates are governed by the following provisions:

1. A Third-class Certificate shall be valid only in the County where given, and for three years only.

2. No candidate shall be permitted to enter a second time for a Third-class Certificate, except by special permission of the Minister, on the recommendation of the County Inspector.

3. As cases may arise where Third-class Teachers are unable to qualify themselves for passing the examination prescribed for Second-class certificates; and as, nevertheless, it is desirable, in some such cases, that the teachers who are in this position should not be excluded from the profession; the Minister may, on the recommendation of the County Inspector, allow a Third-class Teacher, of experience and proved ability as a teacher, to teach permanently, or for any specified length of time, on a Third-class Certificate within. the county for which the certificate has been granted. But each such case must be specially reported on by the Inspector, who shall state fully the grounds which, in his opinion, warrant the departure from the ordinary rule.

II. SECOND-CLASS CERTIFICATES.

I. The conditions upon which Second-class Certificates are to be granted are as follows:

1. In order to be qualified to receive a Second-class Certificate, the candidate must have passed the examination in literature and science prescribed for Second-class Certificates.

2. In the event of the Intermediate examination being so modified as to be, in the judgment of the Minister, a full equivalent for the examination in literature and science for Second-class Certificates, any candidate passing the Intermediate shall be held to have passed the examination in literature and science for Second-class Certificates, Grade B. Any candidate passing the prescribed examination in literature and science for First-class Certificates shall be held to have passed the examination in literature and science for Second-class Certificates.

3. The candidate must have taught, successfully, for at least one year, in a Public or Separate School in the Province of Ontario, and must have attended, for one session, in a Provincial Normal School, and must have obtained from the Principal of such school, and from the Examiners, a certificate of his fitness to teach on a Second-class Certificate. 4. He must produce evidence that he is of good moral character.

III.-FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES.

I. The conditions upon which First-class Certificates are to be granted are as follows:

1. In order to be qualified to receive a First-class Certificate, the candidate must have passed the prescribed examination in literary and scientific subjects.

2. He must also have attended for one year at a Provincial Normal School, after obtaining a Second-class Certificate, and have received from the Principal of such school, and from such Examiners as the Minister may appoint, a certificate of his fitness to teach on a First-class Certificate, or otherwise he must have taught successfully for two years on a Second-class Certificate, and have passed such examination as the Minister may prescribe, to test his fitness to teach on a First-class Certificate.

3. He must produce evidence that he is of good moral character.

IV. GENERAL.

1. The examinations in literature and science prescribed for First and Second-class Certificates respectively, may be passed at any time; but no certificate of any class will be granted till all the conditions above indicated have been satisfied.

NOTE.-Teachers holding First or Second-class Certificates, granted anywhere in the British Dominions, may be admitted to examination for First and Second-class Certificates respectively, in this Province, provided that they produce satisfactory evidence of good moral character and time of actual experience, as required of other teachers.

Graduates in Arts who have proceeded regularly to their degrees in any University in the British Dominions, and who produce satisfactory evidence of having taught successfully for one year, and satisfactory proof of good moral character, may be admitted to the examination for First-class Certificates without previously obtaining Third and Secondclass Certificates.

REGULATIONS RESPECTING THE EXAMINATION OF PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS.

Approved by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council, and to come into force on and after the 18th August, 1877.

I. NON-PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION.

By the Non-Professional Examination of Public School Teachers is meant the examination which candidates for the several classes of Certificates must pass in Literature and Science, according to the scheme hereinafter laid down; which examination must be passed, in the case of candidates for Third-class Certificates, before they are admitted to the County Model Schools, and, in the case of candidates for Second-class Certificates, before they are admitted to any of the Normal Schools.

A.-TIME AND PLACE OF EXAMINATION.

1. The examinations of all candidates for First and Third-class Certificates shall be held in the month of July, in each year, on the days appointed by the Minister.

2. The examinations of candidates for Second-class Certificates shall be held twice a year, concurrently with the Intermediate Examinations in July and December.

3. Candidates for First-class Certificates shall be examined at Toronto and Ottawa; candidates for Second and Third-class Certificates at the County Towns. If there is no County Town in any Inspectoral Division in which an examination is held, the candidates shall be examined at such place as may be appointed by the Inspector.

4. Candidates for First-class Certificates and pupils of the Normal Schools shall be examined at the Normal Schools; the examinations of all other candidates shall be held in such building or buildings as may in each case be appointed by the Inspector.

5. The Inspector shall give at least three weeks' public notice of the time and place of each examination, in such manner as he shall deem expedient.

B.-NOTICE TO BE GIVEN BY INTENDING CANDIDATES-TESTIMONIALS-IDENTIFICATION.

1. Every person who proposes to present himself at any examination shall send in to the presiding Inspector not later than the 1st of June, and in the case of Second-class Certificates the 10th of November also, preceding each examination, a notice stating the class of certificate for which he is a candidate, and the description of certificate he already possesses, if any; such notice to be accompanied by the testimonials required by the regulations.

2. Each candidate shall satisfy the Presiding Examiner as to his personal identity before the commencement of the second day's examination. Instances of personation of