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closely pursued that they had not time to form for its defence; there from three to four hundred of them perished, either by the bayonet, or plunging into the river to escape. The enemy, perceiving both his flanks attacked, and the British centre apparently without troops, pushed a column by the main road, towards an eminence in the rear, covered with Pagodas, but was checked, and retired on seeing the 89th in reserve. Several times during the day they attempted, with their cavalry to turn the right, and vigilantly watched every op portunity which might offer to effect this purpose. They at one time came down in great force, and good order, towards a small party of the 13th light infantry. The first of the enemy's positions being thus carried, the troops were re-formed, and, after a short halt, led to the attack of the second, which they soon forced without much opposition. The enemy, thus defeated at all points, left the conquerors in possession of Pagahm-Mew, with all its stores, ordnance, arms and ammunition. The Burmese commander, NeeWoon-Breen, whose confidence had enticed the king into this new dislaster, had no sooner reached Ava in his flight, than he was put to death. to¿No opposing force now remained between the army and the capital, towards which it again directed its march through a country not devastated by the policy of a retreating foe, and forming only a dreary wilderness of jungle, but presenting a wide extent of rich and wellcultivated fields, thickly interspersed with copswood and villages, while temples and pagodas glittered along the banks of the river. On the 13th Dr. Price again

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met the army, bringing, indeed, neither the first instalment of the money, nor the prisoners, but to assure the British commander, that the king had yielded, though he demurred as to the money from an apprehension taught him by his own faithlessness, that the invaders, having once received payment, would still keep possession of the country. He was instructed, therefore, to inquire whether sir A. Campbell would not accept of six lacs out of the twenty-five upon the spot, and receive the other nineteen on his arrival at Prome on his return. The request was refused; the army again advanced ; when it had reached Yandaboo, within four days march of the capital, Dr. Price again made his appearance, bringing with him the prisoners, the treaty ratified, and the stipulated sum of twenty-five laes of rupees. The war was now ended; a party of officers from the army visited the capital, and were received by the humbled monarch with every honour. On the 5th of March the troops who had maintained this unequal contest, and forming but an handful in comparison with the multitudes opposed to them, had marched from victory to victory into the very bowels of an hostile empire, commenced their return to Rangoon. The following were the articles of the treaty.

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1. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between the hon. company on the one part, and his majesty the king of Ava on the other.

2. His majesty the king of Ava renounces all claims upon, and will abstain from all future interference with, the principality of Assam and its dependencies, and also with the contiguous petty states of

Cachar and Jyntia. With regard to Munnipore, it is stipulated, that, should Gumbheer Singh desire to return to that country, he shall be recognized by the king of Ava as rajah thereof.

3. To prevent all future disputes respecting the boundary line between the two great nations, the British government will retain the conquered provinces of Arracan, including the four divisions of Arracan, Ramree, Cheduba, and Sandowey, and his majesty the king of Ava cedes all right thereto. The Annonpeeteetonmien or Arracan mountains (known in Arracan by the name of the Yeornabourg or Pokhenloung Range) will henceforth form the boundary between the two great nations on that side. Any doubts regarding the said line of demarcation will be settled by commissioners ap pointed by the respective governments for that purpose, such commissioners from both powers to be of suitable and corresponding

rank.

4. His majesty the king of Ava cedes to the British government the conquered provinces of Yeh, Tavoy, and Mergui, and Tenasse rim, with the islands and dependencies thereunto appertaining, taking the Saluen river, as the line of demarcation on that frontier. Any doubts regarding their boundaries will be settled as specified in the concluding part of article 3.

5. In proof of the sincere dispo sition of the Burmese government to maintain the relations of peace and amity between the nations, and as part indemnification to the British government for the expen ses of the war, his majesty the king of Ava agrees to pay the sum of one crore of rupees.

6. No person whatever, whether

native or foreign, is hereafter to be molested, by either, on account of the part which he may have taken, or have been compelled to take, in the present war.

7. In order to cultivate and improve the relations of amity and peace hereby established between the two governments, it is agreed that accredited ministers, retaining an escort or safeguard of fifty men, from each, shall reside at the durbar of the other, who shall be permitted to purchase, or to build a suitable place of residence, of permanent materials; and a commercial treaty, upon principles of reciprocal advantage, will be entered into by the two High Contracting Powers.

8. All public and private debts contracted by either government, or by the subjects of either government, with the other, previous to the war, to be recognized and liquidated upon the same principles of honour and good faith as if hostilities had not taken place between the two nations; and no advantage shall be taken by either party of the period that may have elapsed since the debts were incurred, or in consequence of the war; and, according to the universal law of nations, it is further stipulated, that the property of all British subjects who may die in the dominions of the king of Ava, shall, in the absence of legal heirs, be placed in the hands of the British resident or consul in the said dominions, who will dispose of the same according to the tenor of the British law. In like manner the property of Burmese subjects, dying under the same circumstances in any part of the British dominions, shall be made over to the minister or other authority

delegated by his Burmese majesty to the supreme government of India.

9. The king of Ava will abo❤ lish all exactions upon British ships or vessels in Burman ports that are not required from Burman ships or vessels in British ports; nor shall ships or vessels, the property of British subjects, whether European or Indian, en tering the Rangoon river or other Burman ports, be required to land their guns, or unship their rudders, or to do any other act not required of Burmese ships or vessels in British ports.

10. The good and faithful ally of the British government, his ma jesty the king of Siam, having taken a part in the present war, will, to the fullest extent, as far as regards his majesty and his subjects, be included in the above treaty.

11. This treaty to be ratified by the Burmese authorities competent in the like cases, and the ratification to be accompanied by all British, whether European or native (American) or other prisoners, who will be delivered over to the British commissioners. The British commissioners, on their part, engaging that the said treaty shall be ratified by the right hon. the governorgeneral in council, and the ratification shall be delivered to his majesty, the king of Ava, in four months, or sooner if possible; and all the Burmese prisoners shall, in like manner, be delivered over to their own government as soon as they arrive from Bengal.

Additional Article.

The British commissioners being most anxiously desirous to manifest the sincerity of their wish for peace, and to make the immediate execution of the fifth article of this treaty

as little irksome, or inconvenient
as possible to his majesty the king
of Ava, consent to the following
arrangements, with respect to the
division of the sum total, as speci-
fied in the article before referred
to, into instalments, viz.: upon the
payment of twenty-five lacks of
rupees, or one-fourth of the sum
total (the other articles of the
treaty being executed), the army
will retire to Rangoon; upon the
future payment of a similar sum at
that place, within one hundred
days from this date, with the pro-
viso as above, the army will evacu-
ate the dominions of his majesty
the king of Ava, with the least
possible delay; leaving the remain-
ing moiety of the sum total to be
paid by equal annual instalments
in two years, from this 24th day of
February, 1826, A. D., through
the consul, or resident in Ava, or
Pegu, on the part of the honour-
able the East India company.
A. CAMPBELL, Major-Gen. and
Senior Commissioner.
T. C. ROBERTSON, Civil Com-
missioner.

H. D. CHADS, Captain Royal
Navy.
LABGEEN MEONJA WOONGHEE,
SHWAGUM WOON ATAWOON.

While the Burmese war was brought to this triumphant conclu sion, fortune had been equally propitious to the arms of Britain, on the north-western frontiers of her Indian empire, where her interposition was demanded to protect a native prince against an usurper. The rajah of Bhurtpore, Buldeo Singh, had died in terms of strict alliance with the company, by which they were bound to assist each other against all enemies. The rajah, apprehensive of the consequences which might follow

upon his death had, during his lifetime, declared his son, Bulwunt Singh, his successor, and had obtained for him from the company the formal investiture of the Khilaat, or robe of inauguration. From that moment the young rajah was under the protection of the British government. On the death, however, of Buldeo Singh, his nephew, Doorjun Sal, gained a party in the army, excited a successful rebellion, gained possession of Bhurtpore itself, and seated himself on his cousin's throne. Bulwunt Singh demanded the protection of the company; and in the end of 1825, an army, under the command of lord Combermere marched to reinstate him.

The first and great object was, the reduction of Bhurtpore itself, a fortress of immense strength, deemed by the natives to be impregnable, and already celebrated for its successful resistance to British troops, when besieged in 1805 by lord Lake, who was compelled to give up the enterprise after he had lost 3,000 men. It is a town of considerable extent, strongly fortified on every side, being surrounded by a mud wall of great height and thickness, with a very wide and deep ditch. The fort stands at its eastern extremity, and is of a square figure; one side overlooks the country, the other three are within the town. It occupies a situation that appears more elevated than the town; its walls also are higher, and its ditch of greater width and depth. The circumference of the town and fort together, is above eight miles; and their walls, in all that extent, are flanked with bastions at short distances, on which is mounted a numerous artillery. The place derives a considerable addition to

its strength, from the quantity of water which its locality enables the garrison to command, and, when filled, the ditch presents a most formidable obstacle. To the real strength of the fortress, was added that of opinion: if not impregnable, the natives of Hindostan believed it to be so. The termination of the attack in 1805, without its actual surrender, although it had been thrice attempted to be stormed, had produced an exaggerated opinion of its strength, and of the courage of its defenders, which presented exceptions to the usual career of the British arms in India. Bhurtpore was a point, on which the vanity and discontent of the military tribes of Hindostan could dwell with satisfaction; and, after the failure of lord Lake, it was a saying amongst them, that India was not yet conquered, for Bhurtpore had not been taken. It was not to be doubted that a second failure would produce the most unfavourable effects on public opinion, and give new life to all the elements of restlessness and disaffection which might be existing.

The preparations for the attack were now made on a large and complete scale, calculated to insure ultimate success; and, on the 10th December, lord Combermere appeared before it with an army of upwards of 20,000 men, and a field of more than an hundred pieces of artillery. During the night the enemy had cut the bund, or embankment of a lake to the northward, for the purpose of filling their broad and deep ditch, a most essential means of defence, which had contributed largely to the successful resistance of the place in 1805; but they had been too tardy with this operation, the British troops arrived in time to

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make themselves masters of the embankment, and repair the breach before a sufficient quantity of water had flowed into the fosse to render it impracticable. The following days were occupied in reconnoitring the works, and determining the points of attack, until the battering train and its appurtenances should have come up, the fortress occasionally firing upon the reconnoitring parties, and occasional skirmishes taking place between small detachments and his cavalry which were encamped under the walls.

Lord Combermere, desirous to save the women and children from the horrors of a siege, and of a bombardment like that which must follow from such a battering train as he was about to employ, addressed a letter to Doorjun Sal on the 21st, calling upon him to send them out of the fort, promising them a safe conduct through the British camp, and allowing four and twenty hours for that purpose, before he should open his fire upon the town, Having received an evasive answer, his lordship again sent to him, allowing a farther extension of the time for twelve hours; but the humane offer was not accepted. On the 23rd, therefore, every thing being in readiness to commence operations, and the north-east angle of the works having been fixed upon as the point of attack, the besiegers under a heavy fire, took possession of a ruined village called Kuddum Kemdee, and of Buldeo Singh's garden, and completed their first parallel at the distance of about eight hundred yards from the fort. On the morning of the 24th, two batteries erected at these two points opened upon the town, and, on the 25th, another more advanced battery

between them, having likewise begun its fire within two hundred and fifty yards of the north-east angle, the defences of the east side of that part of the works were in a great measure destroyed. A battery was then constructed bear+ ing on the north face of the same angle, at a distance of about two hundred and fifty yards. The rest of December was employed in a similar manner in strengthening the old batteries, erecting new ones, and pushing forward the works; a constant fire, which left scarcely a roof uninjured being kept up against the town, while the enemy seemed to be reserving his resources to the last, and the operations of the besiegers were exposed to no material interruption. On the 3rd January, 1826, the artillery began to breach the curtains; the ditches in front were found to be dry, and, from the ruggedness of the counterscarp, offered fewer obstacles than had been expected. Such, however, was the tenacity of the tough mud walls, that they resist ed the effects of shot better than masonry would have done; it was found that the batteries were insufficient to breach them, and recourse was had to mining. On the evening of the 6th, a mine was commenced in the scarp of the ditch on the northern face of the work, with the purpose of improv ing the breach; but the engineers, fearing that they would be dis covered, if they continued their operations during the day, sprung it at day-light on the following morning, when it was not suffici ently advanced to have any material effect upon the wall. In making a second attempt, the miners were driven away, having been counter+ mined from the interior before they had entered many feet, and

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