6. The Dutch claim the credit of having discovered this continent as early as 1616; or at least they were the first that effected a landing. In 1801, a plate was found nailed to a post, with an inscription purporting that the ship Indraught, of Amsterdam, Captain Dirk Harting, was there October 25, 1616.

7. After the British erown had lost the 13 provinces of North America, it selected the island of New Holland, as it was then called, for a place whither to banish its convicts. The part selected for this purpose is called Botany Bay, and the town, Port Jackson.

8.. The settlement has become not only populous, but to a de gree respectable, and some of the first families of England have recently migrated to that country, and settled on Swan river. The whole population of the continent is said to exceed 20,000; and several new towns and cities have been founded and partially built with great beauty and durability.

1. This country is much less known to this distant part of the world than that of Asia. We have, indeed, visited many portions of its borders, and brought from their peaceful homes, millions of the sooty natives to wear among us the chains of slavery, and mingle the blood of their offspring with that of our descendants; but we know little of the interior.

2. The divisions of Africa, are Egypt and the Bar'bary States, cn the north; Ethiopia, in the centre; Guinea, on the west; with the Cape of Good Hope and Mat'amant ward the south.

3. Productions. A great part of Africa is fren and sandy; the north has a light soil, which once supported a heavy population. Guinea furnishes gold, ivory, and slaves, and the south is said to be favourable to vegetation.

4. History. Africa was early settled by the family of Noah ; and Egypt, Ethio'pia, and Car'ther were once celebrated for their wealth, power, and liberal atta⚫ents; but the whole coun'try has since sunk to a state of hummating debasement.

Barbary.

1. Barbary extends along the southern shore of the Mediterranean, from Gibralter to Egypt, and is divided into several petty States.

2. Moroc'co, on the west, is a kind of empire, composed of seve→ ral minor divisions; the city of Morocco is the metropolis, and honoured with the presence of the emperor's palace. Fez, however, is the largest town in Africa, and has 700 mosques.

3. Algiers is a republic of the military cast; the king is called?

Dey. It has a fine harbour, lying before the city of Algiers, which is built upon the declivity of a hill.

4. Tunis is the next state; it is governed by a despot, who sustains his command by force of arms. It has a city of the same name, which is virtually destitute of water.

5. Tripoli, which includes Bar'ca, is the last of the Barbary states. It has a city of the same name, the houses of which are low, and the streets dirty, but it has an excellent harbour.

6. Soil and Climate. These states produce corn, wine, and fruits; and the people deal in horses, leather, wax, and coral. The climate is hot and sultry, and often rendered oppressive by the parching winds from the neighbouring desert.

7. Inhabitants. The people of these states are of a swarthy complexion, and devoted Mahometans; they are remarkably hostile to Christians, and frequently make slaves of them as we do of Africans.

8. History. These states were known to the ancients by the names of Maurita'nia, Numi'dia, Africa Proper, and Lyb ́ia. Carthage, the ancient chief city, held the libertics of 300 minor cities. Among the other large towns, were U'tica, Hip'po, Za'ma, and Cesa'ria.

Questions on the above Lesson.

1. What remarked of Africa?
2. How known to this country?
3. How is it divided?
4. What of its productions?

5. What the history? Present state?
6. Bound the Barbary states?
7. Describe Morocco, and its city.

(Lesson 2.)

8. What of the city of Fez?

9. Describe Algiers and its city. 10. Describe Tunis and its city. 11. What of Tripoli and its city? 12. What of the soil and climate? 13. What of the inhabitants? 14. What of the history, &c.? EGYPT.

1. Egypt is a narrow country, confined to the valley of the Nile, by ridges of hills. It is divided into Upper, Middle, and Lower Egypt; in the latter is the island called the Del'ta.

2. This is one of the oldest countries in the world, and by far the most important part of Africa. It holds a conspicuous place in sacred and profane history, and is said to be the parent of the arts and sciences.

3. Chief Towns. Cai'ro is the capital of the whole kingdom; Alexan'dria, a sea-port in Lower Egypt; Damietta, a place of great trade on the eastern bank of the Nile; and Rosetta, noted for its fine gardens and rich fruits.

4. Soil and Climate. The fertility of Egypt past into a proverb long before the Christian era; when famine spread over all the land, there was corn in Egypt; and, for many ages, it was regarded as the granary of the world. The climate is unhealthy, the country is low, and rain is hardly k own.

5. Inhabitants. The stock from the old Egyptian race is Cop'tic; they are idle, dirty, and ill-favoured; and the Turkish inhabitants are proud and insolent.

6. Religion. The Copts profess to be Christians, and of the Greek order; the Turks are Mahometans. The Arabic is the prevailing language, but it is mixed with Greek and Coptic.

7. Curiosities. The labyrinth and pyramids are among the most noted, but the country abounds with the remains of antiquity, many of which are celebrated in history.

8. Government. Egypt is now governed by a Turkish prince, styled the Bashaw, who lives at Cairo, and appoints governors over the provinces.

9. History. Egypt, in her early days, was ably governed; but, in 2084 B. C., it was conquered by shepherds, who abandoned it in 1825 B. C. The Israelites resided there about 200 years, and left it in 1491 B. C. It was conquered by Alexander the Great, 332 B. C., and by the Romans, 30 B. C. The present Turkish power was established about 1500 A. D. Few countries have experienced greater commotions or more frequent revolutions.

Questions on the above Lesson.

8. Describe their curiosities.

1. Describe the boundary of Egypt. 9. What of their government?

2. What is remarked of it?
3. What are its chief towns?
4. What the soil and climate?
5. What of its inhabitants?
6. What of their religion?
7. What of their language?

(Lesson 3.)

10. What of their early history?
11. When conquered by shepherds?
12. When by Alexander the Great?
13. When by the Romans?

14. By the Turks? What remark?
ETHIOPIA

1. This country lies in the eastern centre of Africa, and is but seldom visited. Its divisions are Nubia, Abex, and Abyssinia ; and its chief towns, Sen'naar, Gon'dar, and Sua'quam. Sennaar is the capital of Nubia, a walled city, and the residence of the king.

2. Abyssinia is as old as history; the climate wet and warm, and the country full of beasts and birds. Gon'dar, its capital, stands on a hill, and is pleasant and populous. Abex is near the Red Sea, and abounds with wild beasts. Suaquam stands upon an island, and has a safe harbour.

3. Rivers, &c. The Nile, the great river of Egypt, rises in this country. Rice and cotton grow in abundance, and gold, ivory, gums, and slaves, are the staple articles of trade.

4. Inhabitants. Some of the Africans are remarkable for their mildness and humanity, but by far the greater portion are treacherous and cruel, and nearly all are indolent.

5. Mountains. The mountains of the Moon pass through the southern part of this country, and probably give rise to the Nile. They range from east to west, and form a kind of channel to the trade winds.

6. There are many other small districts, lying in and around Central Africa, but they are poorly defined;-Zantha'go, on the Atlantic; Foz'en on the south of Tripoli; Zaha'ra, the desert, between which and the Barbary states range the Atlas mountains; and Negroland, through which the Niger is supposed to run.

Questions on the above Lesson.

1. What the location of Ethiopia? 2. What are its divisions?

3. What its chief towns?

4. What of Assyria?
5. What of Abex, &c.?

6. The rivers and productions?
7. What of the inhabitants?

(Lesson 4.)

8. The mountains of the Moon?

9. The other districts?

10. Describe their situations.
11. Find the Atlas mountains.
12. Find the river Niger.

13. Describe its rise and progress.
14. The Nile, its rise and course.

GUINEA.

1. Guinea is best known to us along its coast, which is divided into four parts;-Grain, Gold, Ivory, and Slave Coasts. It is visited for these and minor productions, but principally as a market for human sinews.

2. Soil and Climate. The soil is fertile, but little cultivated; it affords many beautiful landscapes; but the climate is not friendly to Americans.

3. Chief Towns. Be'nin, a populous town on the river Formoso; the streets are clean, and the shops filled with the merchandise of Europe.

4. St. Salvador, the capital of Congo, is also a large town. It has the king's palace, several churches, and a Portuguese Bishop. 5. Sierra-Leone is a flourishing colony, planted by the English for the purpose of carrying religion and the arts of civilized life into a country to the wretchedness of which they formerly contributed much of their wealth and power.

"Man found his fellow man, not coloured like himself."

6. The Americans too, early in the traffic of human flesh, and late in an effort at atonement, have planted a colony on this coast, in order to carry back to that lone country the descendants of those whose inheritance was slavery

7. History. We have no record of the events of the interior of this country; for the poor natives have no historians. Had the treachery, the cruelty, the crimes, the wrongs, and the wretchedness to which the slave trade has given birth, been faithfully recorded, it would undoubtedly exhibit a picture unparalleled in the annals of the world, and too appalling for inspection.

Questions on the above Lesson.

1. What of Guinea, and its divisions?
2. For what is it visited?
3. What the soil and climate?
4. What of the town of Benin?
5. What of St. Salvador?

6. What of the American colony? 7. What its object?

3. Why no history of Guinea? 9. What its cast if written? 10. What course from New-York?

(Lesson 5.) MATAMAN.

1. This division of Africa includes all the southern region of this great Peninsula. It is divided into several provinces, some of which are fertile, and have flourishing European settlements.

2. Zang'uebar includes several small kingdoms; its chief town is Melin'da; it is a populous city. Here the Portuguesa drive a brisk trade with the natives.