Officials.-Clerk to Harb. Comm., J. Jennings; Harb. Master Llanelly, Capt. T. Jones; Dock Master Llanelly Ry. & Dock Co.'s Dock, Capt. Lowther; Dock Master Cambrian Dock, J. Gibson; Dock Master Copper Works Dock, J. Gibson; Resident Superintendent of Llanelly Ry. Dock Co., W. H. Ludford; Coll. of Dues, Pilotage, &c., A. Stone; Coll. of H.M. Cust., T. E. Fielding. LONDON. The capital of the United Kingdom. Lat. 51° 30'

N; long. 0° 5' W. On the River Thames about 50 miles from its mouth. The limits of the port are from London Bridge to the Naze at Walton. The River Thames is under the jurisdiction of the Thames Conservancy Board, whose rights extend from Cricklade to Yantlet Creek, and to the Crow Stone near Leigh in Essex. All along the river on both banks are numerous warehouses, and wharves where vessels may load and discharge, all these being provided with hydraulic and steam cranes, &c. These are owned principally by private firms, Railway Cos., &c. The shallowest part of the navigable channel of the estuary is to the south of the Leigh Middle Bank. about a mile above Southend, where the depth is 24ft at LWOST. HW. f. and c. at London Bridge at 1h 58m; Sp. rise 20 ft; N. rise 17ft. There are four principal Dock Cos.-THE LONDON & ST. KATHARINE'S, the EAST & WEST INDIA (who own the Docks at Tilbury), and the MILLWALL, on the north side of the river, and the SURREY COMMERCIAL DOCKS on the south side.

Harbour Dues, payable to the Thames Conservancy, are from d to ad per ton.

Pilotage.-Rates for pilots licensed by the Corporation of Trinity House of Deptford Strond, or acting as such under the authority of the Acts of Parliament, 6 Geo. IV. c. 125, 16 and 17 Vict. c. 129, and 17 and 18 Vic. c. 104, for piloting ships and vessels within the limits mentioned in the table on pp. 247, 248. From sea in or out of Ramsgate, Margate, Dover, or Sandwich Harbs. 5 ft dft. For vessels ex. 22ft an increase in the rates for each foot or part of a foot, in the same proportion as between 22 and 23ft. For putting a pilot on board a vessel, either from the cutters or from the shore, 60 and under 150 tons 20, 150 and under 250, 25/, 250 and under 400, 30, 400 and under 600, 40, 600 and under 1,000, 50, 1,000 and upwards 63/. Vessels not ex. 70 tons, chiefly laden inwards with fish, corn, or other provisions, pay during the summer months, viz., from Lady-day to Michaelmas-day inclusive, the following rates, viz., from sea to London or vice verså 94/6, Gravesend to London or vice versa 25/. Vessels ex. 70 tons and not ex. 100 tons, chiefly laden inwards with fish, corn, or other provisions, pay during the summer months, viz., from Lady-day to Michaelmas-day inclusive, the following rates for the outward voyage, viz., from London to Gravesend 257, to the Nore 58/, to the sea 105/. A pilot taking charge of a foreign vessel, on board of which there may not be any individual qualified to interpret his orders, is authorised to employ a person to assist him as leadsman or interpreter; provided it be distinctly understood that the necessity for the employment of such person shall be proved to the satisfaction of the Corporation of Trinity House, in which case only the following rates shall be chargeable in addition to the regular pilotage, viz., for the whole run from sea to Gravesend 50/, from Gravesend to sea 20. The additional rate, for intermediate portions of a foot, in the

7ft. and

under.

8ft. 9ft. 1oft. 11ft. 12ft. 13ft. 14ft. 15ft. 16ft. 17ft. 18ft. 19ft 20ft. 21ft.: 22ft. 23ft.

0 181 ΟΙ 21 41 61

81 10

I 13 1 16 2 0 2 + 2

9 2 14 3 0 3 6 3 16 4 6

0 100 120 140 160 181

2

I

5 I 8 1 12 1 16 2 1 2 5 2 12 2 18 3 6 3 14

4

3 144 54 165 75 186 97 0 7 13 8
6 9 4 10 211
34 16,5 9 h 2,6 157 88 18 16 9 1110 1111 1113

3 53 144 3:4 125 15 105 19 6 9

4 75 15 156 97 37 178 11 9
4 125 66 06 147 8,8 28 16 9
4 145 96 4 6 197 148 9,9 4,10

Canal, or St. Kath.'s Docks 5
Greenhithe, Long Reach, or
Chatham

Erith

Woolwich or Blackwall.
Moorings, London Docks, City

05 156 107 58 08 159 10 10

2
2

22 7,2 12,2 173
52 11 2 17 3 33
2 102 16 3 23
83

Canal, or St. Kath.'s Docks 2 18 3 53 123 194
Sheerness, Stangate Creek, or

Blackstakes
Gravesend.

Woolwich or Blackwall
Moorings, London Docks, City
Canal or St. Kath.'s Docks'r

Woolwich, or Blackwall, and Sheerness, Stangate Creek, or

Moorings, London Docks, City
Canal, or St. Kath.'s Docks o

21
8 4 15 5 5 10
13 4.3
75 13 6
93 123 154 34 114 19 5
91 12,1 15
641
17 1 ΟΙ 31

14

5 18 6 36 13 7

8

6 18

713

8

8 3

8 149

147 14 8 14

6 8 11 9 16

8 89

4 10 1911 19

610

4

1 18 2 2 2

6210

2 14 2 18 3 2 3

6 3 10 3 14

63 103 143 184 24 104 18
04 34 11 4 19 5 7
42 112 183
12

2 5 18 6 10 7 6 19 7 11 6

4 131 5

이 5

75 14

6

Chatham

61
5 3 12 3 19: 4

1 6 11 7 I

dt, to be regulated as follows, viz., for 3in and under no addition, for more than 3in and under 9in, the medium between the
For removing a ship or vessel from moorings into a dry or wet
two rates, for 9in and upwards, the rate for the next foot.
dock, or from one part of the river situated above Blackwall to another part of the river so situated, for a ship under 300
tons 15/; of 300 to 600, 21/; of 600 to 1,000, 31/6: above 1,000, 42/. In the Thames above Gravesend, for a boat of a class
carrying an anchor of above 4 cwt with a corresponding tow-line 42/, for a boat of a class carrying an anchor of above 2 cwt,
Per trip for the whole distance from Gravesend to London,
21/, for a boat of a class carrying an anchor under 2 cwt, 15/.

and in proportion for any part of that distance, and for each man's service in those boats 8/ tide.
Officials.-Sec. to Thames Conservancy, J. H. Gough; Harb. Masters-London, Capt. L. Bowen; Charlton, Commr.,
Towage. As per agreement.
J. Fitzgerald, R N.; Gravesend, Capt. R. Marsden; Controller-Gen. H.M. Cust., J. J. Weir; Coll. II.M. Cust., H.
Lindsay

THE LONDON & INDIA DOCKS JOINT COMMITTEE, under the London, & St. Katharine and East and West India Docks Act, 1888, are now working the undertakings of both the London and St. Katharine's, and the East and West India Docks.

In addition to

THE LONDON & ST. KATHARINE DOCKS. the above docks, an extensive railway depôt in East Smithfield (in connection with the docks); and the Cutler-street warehouses, in Houndsditch and Bishopsgate, City. The St. Katharine Docks adjoin the London Docks. Both these docks have large warehouses and sheds specially adapted for housing, working, and showing wool, tea, coffee, indigo, cigars and manufactured tobacco, dried fruits, sugar, flour, ivory, spices, bark, gums, metals, drugs, cotton, bacon, &c. The vaults beneath the

Now under the London and India Docks Joint Committee.

warehouses hold about 65,000 pipes of wine, 10,000 puncheons of spirit, 6,500 tons of oil, 50,000 hogsheads of brandy, 8,000 puncheons of rum. The Royal Victoria Docks are just below Blackwall. The Royal Albert Docks are a prolongation of the Royal Victoria Docks, with which they are connected by a short passage, Soft long. The two docks are together 24m long. The new deep water entrance to the Royal Albert Docks, which provides a third means of access to the docks, where vessels of large size may lie, is 550ft long by Soft wide, and has 36t of water, allowing margin for the largest draught merchant vessels afloat, and there is also extensive wharfage accn., and a large landing-stage upwards of 1,000ft long. These docks are in direct communication with the London and St. Katharine's Docks and all the different railways. In the Royal Victoria Dock is special accommodation for receiving and storing Australian and New Zealand sheep and American beef and mutton in refrigerating chambers capable of holding 60,000 carcases at a time. Special facilities also for landing and storing grain. Extensive shed accn. Docks are lighted by electric light, and afford accn. for the largest vessels. In the Albert Docks are two dry docks, one 502ft. in length, the other 410ft. The Gallions Hotel (Albert Dock) is the property of the Dock Co. The Railway Depôt, East Smithfield, is connected with the docks by frequent trains. Here goods are distributed for the warehouses, for London, and for all parts of the kingdom. The Cutler-street warehouses Occupy four acres in the centre of the City, and are largely used for the storage of valuable property. There are cranes of the most approved type provided throughout the entire system of docks, and there is also a floating steam crane capable of lifting 30 tous, available for service at any part of the docks; together with shear-legs, worked by steam, to lift heavy weights up to 60 tons, and a hydraulic crane to lift about 15 tons. The charges of THE LONDON & ST. KATHARINE DOCKS Co. and the EAST AND WEST INDIA Dock Co. include so many different classifications and special descriptions that space does not allow a record of them. Indeed the same remark applies equally to the charges of all the London companies.

THE EAST AND WEST INDIA DOCK estate comprises the East India Docks at Blackwall, the West India Decks at Poplar, the Tilbury Decks opposite Gravesend, the Depot in Commercial-road, and the warehouse in Crutched Friars. The East India Docks and West India Docks (213 acres of land and 127 acres of water, with warehouse accommodation for 212,000 tons,) are in direct communication with all the principal railways. The cranage power consists of 222 hydraulic and 19 steam cranes-also of two floating derricks (lifting power 20 and 30 tons respectively). At the West India Docks there is extensive accommodation for the timber trade and frozen meat business, also a depôt for wines and spirits (storage capacity 40,000 puncheons). The docks at Tilbury, about 20 miles from London Bridge, in direct communication with all the principal railways, comprise a tidal basin and inner docks, and some 450 acres of land. The quays of the tidal basin (water area 19 acres ; depth from 45ft HWST. to about 26ft LWST.) are fitted with sheds and cranes for the discharge and loading of baggage and cargo. At the NW. quay there is a large business in transhipment and other goods to and from the Continent. On the SW. side of the basin a