Training of Children," collected into a volume with an appendix upon "The Home School," by Rev. I. L. Book walter, which belong to educational literature in its higher sense. Charles Franklin Thwing published a companion volume to "Within College Walls," describing "The College Woman"; Thomas Davidson wrote upon "The Education of the Greek People and its Influence on Civilization," in the "International Education Series," other volumes of which were "How to Study and Teach History," by Dr. B. A. Hinsdale, and Edward Gardnier Howe's "Systematic Science Teaching," a manual of inductive elementary work for all instructors. "Methods of Education in the United States" were investigated by Alice Zimmern. Francis W. Parker, in "Talks in Pedagogics," gave an outline of the theory of concentration; Sarah L. Arnold's "Waymarks for Teachers" showed aims, principles, and plans of every-day teaching, with illustrative lessons. Amy Blanche Bramwell and H. Millicent Hughes wrote on "The Training of Teachers in the United States of America"; S. B. Sinclair, on "First Years at School," a manual of principles and methods for primary teachers; while "The Teacher's Mentor," by Henry B. Buckingham, Rev. F. D. Huntington, and Joshua G. Fitch, formed No. 9 of the "Standard Teacher's Library"; and C. W. Bardeen prepared a "Handbook for School Trustees of the State of New York." "King's Normal Series," by W. J. King, consists of 9 small handbooks on as many subjects, published singly or in 1 volume. "Object Teaching," by T. G. Roper, "Outlines of Herbart's Pedagogics," by Ossian H. Lang, and "Industrial Training in Reformatory Institutions," by Franklin H. Briggs, are brief but to the point. "Elementary Com position and Rhetoric," by William E. Mead, "School English," by George P. Butler, a "First Book in English," by William H. Maxwell, and an "English Grammar for Common Schools," by Robert C. and Thomas Metcalf, meet special wants. John Kennedy asks, "Must Greek go?" Frances E. Lord explains the use of "The Roman Pronunciation of Latin," and Edwin Post offers suggestions for "Latin at Sight." Prof. Charles F. Kroch set forth "The Living Method of Learning how to think in Spanish." A new edition was issued of "The Theory and Practice of Handwriting," by John Jackson; Dr. Javal published an "Essay on the Physiology of Writing"; "The Writer," by George L. Raymond and George P. Wheeler, is intended as one of a series of handbooks upon practical expression; E. S. Ellis dwelt upon "Common Errors in Writing and Speaking," and told how to avoid them; John N. Tilden, M. D., prepared "A Grammar School Geography: Descriptive, Industrial, and Commercial": Felix Klein's lectures on mathematics, delivered before members of the Congress of Mathematics held in Chicago, at Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill., were published under the title of The Evanston Colloquium"; John H. Walsh completed his "Mathematics for Common Schools" with Part III; and a revised edition appeared of " The Elements of Geometry," by Webster Wells. "Symbolic Education," by Susan E. Blow, in the "International Education Series," is a commentary on Froebel's "Mother Play," and among useful little treatises on the subject may be mentioned "Paper and Scissors in the Schoolroom," by Emily A. Weaver; "Color in the Kindergarten," by Milton Bradley; "The Principles of the Kindergarten the Foundation for Art Education in the Public Schools," by Mary Dana Hicks; and "Art in the Schoolroom," by Ross Turner, Edward B. Morse, John Tetlow, and others. Henry T. Bailey arranged " A First Book in Drawing." "Our Wonderful Bodies and how to take care of them" was the title of two books for primary and intermediate and grammar grades, by Joseph C. Hutchison, M. D.; John B. Gifford supplied "Elementary Lessons in Physics"; Louise Precce prepared expressly for public-school work "A System of Physcal Culture; and Baron Nils Posse entitled a third edition of his work on "The Swedish System of Educational Gymnastics" "The Special Kinesiology of Educational Gymnastics," accompanying it with illustrations and an analytical chart. A "General Catalogue of Bowdoin College and the Medical School of Maine, 1794-1894," by George T. Little, includes an historical sketch of the institution during its first century; and from the United States Bureau of Education we had a "History of Education in Connecticut," by Bernard C. Steiner, and a similar volume for Delaware, by Lyman P. Powell, while "Higher Education in Iowa" was reviewed by Leonard F. Parker, and that of Tennessee by Lucius S. Merriam. Fiction. As has been said, more manuscripts of American authors of fiction were accepted by publishers in 1894 than ever before, and though the greatest sensations of the year were created by English writers, the standard of the American novel was maintained at a high average. F. Marion Crawford gave 2 volumes to the fortunes of " Katharine Lauderdale," proposing to pursue the same hereafter in a series, like that he devoted to the Saracinesca family. He also abandoned sunnier shores for "Love in Idleness, a Tale of Bar Harbor," which was illustrated with reproductions from drawings and photographs; and 2 of his short stories, "The Upper Berth" and "By the Waters of Paradise," in 1 volume, initiated the series known as the "Autonym Library." Hardly a novel, and yet belonging altogether to the world of romance, is William Dean Howells's "A Traveler from Altruria," while a melancholy interest attaches to "The Ebb Tide" and "Will o' the Mill," the last work of Robert Louis Stevenson, with whom Lloyd Osborne collaborated in writing the first. Other posthumous volumes which increased regret for the early death of their authors were "Benefits Forgot," by Wolcott Balestier, and "Horace Chase," by Constance Fenimore Woolson. Mrs. Margaret Deland's "Philip and his Wife" received recognition abroad as well as at home, and Ellen Olney Kirk (Henry Hayes) told "The Story of Lawrence Garthe" with the purpose of deciding the vexed question of remarriage after divorce. "The Golden House," by Charles Dudley Warner, discussed the conditions of extreme wealth and poverty in New York, with all the delicate yet searching keenness which characterized "A Little Journey in the World." George W. Cable made but a single contribution in "John March, Southerner," and from Thomas Nelson Page we had "Polly," a Christmas recollection, daintily illustrated by A. Castaigne, "Pastime Stories," and "The Burial of the Guns," all tales of Southern life. "The Royal Marine" was an idyl of Narragansett Pier, told by James Brander Matthews; Dr. S. Weir Mitchell laid the scene of his latest romance, "When all the Woods are Green," in Canada, while mining life was, of course, depicted in "Cœur d'Alene" and "In Exile, and Other Stories," by Mary Hallock Foote. Bret Harte published "The BellRinger of Angel's, and Other Stories" and " A Protégé of Jack Hamlin's," with which other short stories are included; from Mrs. Mary Hartwell Catherwood we had "The Chase of Saint Castin, and Other Stories of the French in the New World"; Mrs. Amelia E. Barr wrote but 1 novel, "The Lone House," which she located at Galloway, in the west of Scotland; while Capt. Charles King wrote "Cadet Days," a story of West Point, "Waring's Peril," and "Under Fire," in addition to editing "Rancho del Muerto, and Other Stories of Adventure" and "An Initial Experience, and Other Stories." "Pembroke," by Miss Mary E. Wilkins, was a powerfully written if somewhat repulsive portrayal of New England life; Gilbert Parker's 2 novels, "The Trespasser" and "The Trail of the Sword," are full of the freedom of Canadian forests, the latter dating back two hundred years; "Poppæa," by Mrs. Van Rensselaer Cruger (Julien Gordon), does not depict the Empress of Rome, but a New York girl with similar traits of character; and "Out of Step," by Maria Louise Pool, was intended as a sequel to "The Two Salomes," From Ruth McEnery Stuart we had "Carlotta's Intended, and Other Tales" and "The Story of Babette, a Little Creole Girl." Albion W. Tourgee enjoyed Was a tale of long ago in France, by Marguerite Bouvet; "Claudius, the Cowboy of Ramapo Valley," by P. Demarest Johnson, recalled revolutionary times in southern New York; and "Iola, the Senator's Daughter" was a heroine of ancient Rome, about 24 B. c., according to Mansfield Lovell Hillhouse. Back to the times of Ahab, King of Israel, we must look for the scene of "The Prince of Peace," by A. W. Ackerman, and to the Orient for that of "Found and Lost," by Mrs. Mary Putnam Jacobi, which made No. 2 of the "Autonym Library." "Miss Hurd: An Enigma" was from the pen of Anna Katharine Green (Mrs. Rohlfs); "Claudia Hyde" from that of Frances Courtenay Baylor; Harriet E. Orcutt told "A Modern Love Story which does not end at the Altar," and "Country Lanes and City Pavements" was the somewhat unique title of a novel by Maurice M. Minton. "The Heroine of a Mining Camp" was portrayed by Mrs. Harriet E. Monroe, as "A Child of the Ages" was by Francis Adams; "Where Honor leads" was by Lynde Palmer, the author of "A Question of Honor"; " A Prodgial in Love," by Emma Wolf, and "Love and Shawl Straps," by Annette L. Noble and Pearl C. Coann, carried us abroad; "A Bit of Finesse" was a story of fifty years ago, by Harriet Newell Lodge, and "The Flight of the Swallow," by Emily Malbone Morgan, contained a quaint romance. "Derringforth," by Frank A. Munsey, filled 2 volumes; "Under the Second Renaissance," by Florence Trail, described the trials of a young American actress whose family and lover object to her profession; Mrs. S. M. H. Gardner traced "The Fortunes of Margaret Weld," and also published a quaint volume of "Quaker Idyls," which possess historic interest; and Charles M. Sheldon described "The Crucifixion of Phillip Strong" for adherence to his convictions as a Christian minister. Cheerful, often religious in tone, and all written with some good intent in view, were "Betwixt Two Fires," by J. Jackson Wray; "Richard Rogers, Christian," by Alice Barber McConnell; "A Summer Brother," by Sophie Bronson Titterington; "Won by Love," by Mrs. S. S. Wood; "A Child of the Covenant," by Virginia Carter Castlemon: "Paths and By-paths," by Mrs. A. M. Pickford; "The Better Way," by William F. Lacy; "Rachel's Farm," by Annette L. Noble; and "Three Times and Out," by Mrs. Mary Lowe Dickinson. "The Leprosy of Miriam," according to Ursula N. Gestefeld, is scientific materialism; music is the theme of "The Missing Chord," by Lucy Dillingham, and of "Otto's Inspiration," by Mary H. Ford; Mrs. Nathaniel Conklin (formerly Jennie M. Drinkwater) published "Three Women" and "Growing Up"; "Not for Profit " was by Fannie E. Newberry; "Grizzly's Little Pard," by Elizabeth Maxwell Comfort, suggests a mining story; and "No Enemy (but Himself)" was the verdict of Elbert Hubbard on the young tramp who recounts his adventures. From the same author we have "Forbes of Harvard." "Piokee and her People," a ranch and tepee story, by Theodora R. Jenness, is a sequel to "Two Young Homesteaders"; "A Mexican Ranch," by Mrs. Janie P. Duggan, "Fanny's Autobiography," by Mrs. M. E. Drake, and "Oowikapun," by Egerton Ryerson Young, are stories of missionary work in the West, while religion forms the keynote of "They met in Heaven," by George H. Hepworth, the author of "Hiram Golf's Religion," published anonymously in 1893; "The Wedding Garment," by Louis Pendleton; "Beyond the Veil," by G. B. Willcox; and "In Distance and in Dream," by M. F. Sweetser. Labor and capital are the themes of " Apprentices to Destiny," by Lily A. Long, and "Just Plain Folks," by E. S. Doubleday; "Beneath the Dome," by A. Arnold Clark, was posthumously printed, and proposes the single-tax theory as a solution for the corruption in Michigan politics portrayed; " A Journey in Other Worlds" is professedly a romance of the future, by John Jacob Astor; "'96: A Romance of Utopia," by Frank Rosewater, presents a solution of the labor problem, a new God, and a new religion; and from Fayette Stratton Giles we have "Shadows before: or, A Century Onward." Gustavus W. Pope described "A Journey to Mars"; pure extravagance characterizes " Centuries Apart," by E. T. Bouvé; "The Land of the Changing Sun," by William N. Harben; "The Isle of Feminine," by Charles Elliott Niswonger; "2894; or, The Fossil Man," by Walter Browne; "From Earth's Center," by S. Byron Welcome; "Sophos," by Albert Alberg; and "Between Two Forces," by Flora Helm. "The Dissolution: A Projected Drama," by Ritter Dandelyon, offers a new theory of marriage exemplified in mythological times. Hypnotism is the leading motif in "The Malachite Cross," a romance of two countries, by Frank H. Norton; "A Modern Wizard," by Rodrigues Ottolengui; and "Margaret Salisbury," by Mary Holland Lee. Scott Campbell was the author of "Union Down"; R. M. Manley of "The Queen of Ecuador"; Seward H. Hopkins of "In the China Sea" and "Two Gentlemen of Hawaii." Robert Appleton (Roman I. Zubof) published 3 novels, "Violet, the American Sappho, a realistic novel of Bohemia, "Elena," the story of a Russian woman, and "After the Manner of Men." Katharine E. Rand described "The Childhood of an Affinity"; Henry Goelet McVickar cast "The Purple Light of Love" with its attendant misfortunes upon a worthy hero; Margaret Sutton Briscoe, the author of "Perchance to Dream," sent out this year " Links in a Chain"; John Hicks contributed "The Man from Oshkosh"; "Miss Gwynne, Bachelor" was by Winifred Johnes; "A Modern Magdalene," by Virna Woods; "A Moral Blot," by Sigismund B. Alexander; "David and Abigail," by B. F. Sawyer; and Richard Henry Savage was unusually prolific, turning out 4 novels, "The Princess of Alaska," "The Anarchist," "The Flying Haleyon," and "Delilah of Harlem." "Six Thousand Tons of Gold," by H. R. Chamberlain, was written as an attempted solution of the financial problems of the hour, and politics are the theme of "The Story of Rodman Heath; or, Mugwumps, by One of them," who gives us no further clew to his identity; "The Speaker of the House," by Angeline Teal; and "Shylock's Daughter," by Margaret Holmes Bates. "The Documents in Evidence," by Henry M. Blossom, Jr., was more striking in the form of its makeup than in the substance of the story it contained; and "Two Strings to his Bow" was by Walter Mitchell, a brother of Donald G. Mitchell (Ik Marvel). To the highly sensational belong, in conclusion, "Two Bad Brown Eyes," by Marie St. Felix, and "Miss Derrick," a Boston society girl's diary, by Evelyn Chester. "Love at Seventy," by Albert Ross (Linn Boyd Porter), was in that author's usual vein, and from Lawrence L. Lynch emanated " A Dead Man's Step" and "Against Odds," a romance of the Midway Plaisance. "A Sleep Walker" was by Paul H. Gerrard; "The American Ambassador," anonymous; "The Duke of Arcanum," by Frank Carleton Long; and "The Dancing Faun," by Florence Farr. Frank West Volumes of short stories other than those already mentioned were "Norseland Tales," by Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen; "The Exiles, and Other Stories," by Richard Harding Davis; "Little Ike Templin, and Other Stories," by Richard Malcolm Johnston; "The White Crown, and Other Stories," by Herbert D. Ward; "Marsena, and Other War Stories," by Harold Frederick; "A Scarlet Poppy, and Other Stories," by Harriet Prescott Spofford; "Break o' Day Tales," by Rollins; "Salem Kittredge, and Other Stories," by Bliss Perry; "A Suburban Pastoral, and Other Tales," by Henry A. Beers; "A Burne-Jones Head and Other Sketches" of American society life, by Clara Sherwood Rollins; "The Robb's Island Wreck, and Other Stories," by Lynn R. Meekins; "Peak and Prairie, from a Colorado Sketchbook," by Anna Fuller; "The Rousing of Mrs. Potter, and Other Stories," by Gertrude Smith; "Seven Strange Stories," by J. Wallace Hoff; "Zigzag Tales from the East to the West," by H. L. Wilson; Nos. 18 and 14 of "Tales from Town Topics"; and "Ten Notable Stories from Lippincott's Magazine," by Kate Jordan, Annie Flint, and others. Imaginary conversations between the characters in novels of famous writers of the day were "Overheard in Arcady," by Robert Bridges (Droch) and republished from "Life," in which they appeared. Juvenile. Still do books continue to be written for children which find older readers, and familiar names are found upon their title pages. "Piccino, and Other Child Stories," by Mrs. Frances Hodgson Burnett, were illustrated by Reginald B. Birch. Hezekiah Butterworth told of early Christmas in America in his two stories bound in one volume, "The Parson's Miracle" and "My Grandmother's Christmas Candle," in the "Christmas in Many Lands Series," while his history of "The Patriot Schoolmaster" belongs to the days of the minutemen and the Sons of Liberty. Thomas W. Knox carried two boys through various adventures with "The Lost Army" during the Arkansas campaign; "The Raid from Beauséjour," and "How the Carter Boys lifted the Mortgage" were two stories of Acadie by Charles G. D. Roberts; "The Search for Andrew Field," by Everett T. Tomlinson, belongs to the "War of 1812 Series"; "Brother against Brother," by William T. Adams (Oliver Optic), to the "Blue and the Gray Army Series"; and "A Salt-Water Hero," by Rev. E. A. Rand, to the "Fighting the Sea Series." Edward Stratemeyer told of "The Last Cruise of the Spitfire, or Luke Foster's Strange Voyage" and of" Richard Dare's Venture"; W. J. Henderson, as "an old salt," spun "Sea Yarns for Boys"; Dr. Eugene Murray-Aaron combined science with entertainment in "The Butterfly Hunters in the Caribbees"; and "Three Bovs on an Electrical Boat," by Prof. John Trowbridge, proved as fascinating as his previous story of "The Electrical Boy." The standard writers of books for boys made their customary contributions: W. O. Stoddard, of "Chris, the Model-Maker," a story of New York, and "The Captain's Boat"; Horatio Alger, Jr., of Vietor Vane, the Young Secretary"; Kirk Munroe, of "Big Cypress: The Story of an Everglade Homestead" and "The Fur Seal's Tooth"; Harry Castlemon (Charles A. Fosdick), of "Sailor Jack, the Trader"; Willis Boyd Allen, of "Snowed In" and "Lost on Umbagog": Edward S. Ellis, of "The Great Cattle Trail," "Honest Ned," "Righting the Wrong." and "Brave Tom," the last three in the "Brave and Honest Series"; "James Otis" (James Otis Kaler), of "Chasing a Yacht, or the Theft of the Gem," "The Adventures of a Country Boy at a Country Fair." "Jinny and his Partners," and "The Boys' Revolt," a story of the street Arabs of New York. Nor did the little girls fare less liberally, for A. G. Plympton told of "Penelope Prig, and Other Stories," and also of "Rags and Velvet Gowns"; Mrs. Laura E. Richards of "Marie" and "Narcissa, or the Road to Rome," with which last is included also "In Verona." Eliza Orne White narrated what befell "When Mollie was Six"; Minnie E. Kinney (Mrs. George A. Paull) published "More Bedtime Tales" and "Ruby at School"; "Mollie Miller" was by Mrs. Effie W. Merriman; "Mildred's New Daughter" and "Elsie at the World's Fair," by Martha F. Finley; "Jessie's Three Resolutions" and "In Editha's Days," a tale of religious liberty, by Mary E. Bamford; "Wee Lucy: Little Prudy's Wee Croodlin' Doo.'" by "Sophie May" (R. S. Clarke); "Martha's Mistakes. by Mrs. M. E. Bradley: and "Margaret Arnold Christmas, and Other Stories," by Mary D. Brine, all found readers, as did "The Pansy" for 1894, edited by Mrs. I. M. Alden, and "The Child Amy." by Julia Magruder. For larger girls there were "Hope Benham," by Nora Perry; "Witch Winnie at Shinnecock," in which Mrs. Elizabeth W. Champney described the doings of the King's Daughters in the summer art school; "Not quite Eighteen," sixteen short stories by "Susan Coolidge" (Sarah C. Woolsey); "Another Girl's Experience," by Leigh Web ster; and "Sirs, only Seventeen," by Virginia F. Townsend. Howard Pyle was both author and ," illustrator of "Twilight Land," a story book for children; "Little Thimblefinger and his Queer Country," with what the children saw and heard there under the spell of Uncle Remus (Joel Chandler Harris) was illustrated by Oliver Herford; and Palmer Cox carried "The Brownies around the World." Lily Wesselhoeft told of "The Fairy Folk of Blue Hill." William Drysdale explained "The Mystery of Abel Forefinger" in the "Harper's Young People Series"; William Riley Halstead described "Life on a Backwoods Farm" in Indiana fifty years ago; John S. Wood's "College Days" was rewritten and reprinted from "Outing," and deals with life at Yale a score of years back; "Toinette's Philip," by Mrs. C. V. Jamison, varied in scene from New Orleans to New York; Mme. Jeanne Schultz, the author of "Colette," wrote "Madeleine's Rescue" for girls and boys; The "Two Girls" pictured by Amy E. Blanchard grew up in the South, while "Sarah Dakota," according to Mary E. Q. Brush, was named for her native State. "The Little Lady of the Horse," by Evelyn Raymond, is another Western heroine, while more subdued in tone are "The Dutchman's Daughter," by Eva Hansen Lamb: "Endeavor Chris," by Isabella T. Hopkins; "A Family Dilemma," by Lucy C. Lillie; "Garret Grain," by Mrs. Frank Lee; and "Little Miss Faith," by Grace Le Baron. "Jolly Good Times To-day," by Mary P. Wells Smith, is illustrated by Jessie McDermott; "Three of us: Barney, Cossack. Rex," are shown by Mrs. Izora C. Chandler to have been interesting dogs; "Pax and Carlino," by Ernest Beckman; "Ragweed," by Julia McNair Wright; "Philip Leicester," by Jessie E. Wright; "Jacky Lee " and "St. Rockwell's Little Brother," by Mrs. Harriet A. Cheever; "A Troublesome Name," by Catharine S. Holmes; "Tony," by Laisdell Mitchell; and "TanPile Tim, or a Yankee Waif among the 'Blue Noses," by Rev. B. Freeman Ashley, deserve mention, as do "The Wagner Story Book," a collection of firelight tales of the great music dramas, by William H. Frost, and "Stories from Plato and Other Classic Writers," by Mary E. Burt. Edith M. Thomas, Miss E. S. Tucker, and Helen Gray Cone united to produce "A Treasury of Stories, Jingles, and Rhymes" for little folks, and an "Index to St. Nicholas," covering Vols. I to XXI, proved useful to many. Two holiday editions of favorite books which must not be omitted were those of " Timothy's Quest," by Kate Douglas Wiggin, and "The Story of a Bad Boy," by Thomas Bailey Aldrich. "The Century Book for Young Americans," by Elbridge S. Brooks, told how a party of boys and girls who know how to use their eyes and ears found out all about the Government of the United States. Fine Arts. Several valuable works on art were written. "Art in Theory," by Prof. George Lansing Raymond, the author of "Poetry as a Representative Art" and The Genesis of Art," is intended as an introducton to the study of comparative æsthetics. William H. Beard wrote upon " Action in Art," accompanying the text with over 220 illustrations from original drawings. William Ordway Partridge contributed 6 essays upon "Art for America," and, descending from the general to the particular, we are indebted to John C. Van Dyke for A Text-Book of the History of Painting" in the series of College Histories of Art." Miss A. G. Radelitfe gave a popular history, free from technicalities, of Schools and Masters of Sculpture," uniform with her Schools and Masters of Painting." Bernhard Berenson wrote on "The Venetian Painters of the Renaissance," as well as an essay in constructive art eriticism entitled "Lorenzo Lotto." "Renaissance and Modern Art," by William H. Goodyear, is one of the "Chautauqua Reading Circle Literature" volumes, and Frank Fowler's "Portrait and Figure Painting," with 3 colored plates showing progressive stages in oil painting, forms one of the "Art Amateur Handbooks Series." Charles Godfrey Leland's "Elementary Metal Work" is a practical manual for amateurs and for use in schools. Charles Dexter Allen's guide to the study of "American Book Plates" contains a bibliography by Ellen Newell Hewins, and is illustrated with many reproductions of rare and interesting specimens. Dramatic art was handled by James Brander Matthews in "Studies of the Stage," and by Alfred Ayres (Thomas Embley Osmun) in "Acting and Actors, Elocution and Elocutionists," a book about theater folk and theater art. Parts VII to XXV of "Famous Composers and their Works," edited by John Knowles Paine, appeared, and Adolph Carpé was the author of a treatise on "The Pianist and the Art of Music" for teachers and students. A second series of "Tables for the Writing of Exercises in the Study of Harmony," arranged in conformity with S. Sechter's "Fundamental Harmonies," and adapted for the New York College of Music, was devoted to the "Harmonization of Melodies," and Mrs F. Roena Medini explained "The What and How of Vocal Culture." Among gift books are especially to be noted "The Art of the World," illustrated in the paintings, statuary, and architecture of the World's Columbian Exposition, edited by Ripley Hitchcock, in 30 parts; "Child Life in Art," by Estelle M. Hurll; 6 reproductions of "Madonnas," with original coloring, by Mrs. Fanny I. Edgerton; "Tales and Verses of Long Ago." "Rhymes and Stories of Olden Times," and "Children of Colonial Days," by Miss Elizabeth S. Tucker, each with numerous full-page color plates after paintings in water colors by E. Percy Moran ; "Facsimiles of Water Colors," by the same artist; " A Collection of Eighty-four Drawings," by C. D. Gibson; "American Landmarks," a collection of pictures of our country's historic shrines, by Harry Fenn, F. D. Chase, L. J. Bridgman, and others, with descriptive text by George A. Cleaveland and Robert E. Campbell; "The Marie Burroughs's Art Portfolio of Stage Celebrities"; "Yankee Doodle at the Fair," in 12 parts, 2 of which were issued during the year, designed to perpetuate the architecture and novel features of the World's Columbian Exposition, profusely illustrated, in colors and in black and white, after paintings and photographs, with text by wellknown authors; and the "Salon of 1894," 100 photogravure illustrations of the choicest paintings and statuary of the year's Paris salons. Handsome illustrations of standard works of literature included Irving's "Sketchbook," in a 2-volume Van Tassel edition, and his "Alhambra," Kingsley's "Hypatia," Howells's "Their Wedding Journey," Scott's "Kenilworth," and De Amicis's "Holland." General Science. But few works of importance fall under this head, though more books are recorded for 1894 than for the previous year. "Sea and Land Features of Coasts and Oceans, with Special Reference to the Life of Man," by Prof. N. S. Shaler, is to be reckoned among the foremost. Sir John W. Dawson lectured before the Lowell Institute upon "The Meeting Place of Geology and History," and also published notes on the pleistocene geology of Canada entitled "The Canadian Ice Age." Ralph S. Tarr wrote an "Economic Geology of the United States," with briefer mention of the foreign mineral products; and Samuel F. Emmons edited a "Geological Guidebook for an Excursion to the Rocky Mountains." An "Outline of the Geology and Physical Features of Maryland," by George H. Williams and William B. Clark, was accompanied with a geological map. "Biologieal Lectures at the Marine Biological Laboratory of Wood's Holl in the Summer Session of 1893," by various authorities, were collected into a volume. Charles Wright Dodge wrote an "Introduction to Elementary Practical Biology," intended as a laboratory guide for high-school and college students. Emanuel R. Boyer filled a similar want with "A Laboratory Manual in Elementary Biology"; and "Playfair: A Text-Book of Invertebrate Morphology," was the work of Prof. J. McMurrich. "From the Greeks to Darwin" was an outline of the development of the evolution idea, by Henry F. Osborn, in the "Columbia University Biological Series"; another volume of which was "Amphioxus and the Ancestry of the Vertebrates," by Arthur Willey; and William North Rice reviewed "Twenty-five Years of Scientific Progress." Charles H. Clark wrote on "Practical Methods in Microscopy," and Mabel Loomis Todd gave comprehensive though unprofessional information about "Total Eclipses of the Sun." William M. Davis was the author of an "Elementary Meteorology"; a popular edition was made of the 12 charts of "Climates of the United States, in Colors," by Charles Denison, M. D., and from Prof. Samuel Pierpont Langley we have a paper on "The Internal Work of the Wind," in the "Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge." Vol. VI was issued of "The Silva of North America," by Charles Sprague Sargent, who also made "Notes on the Forest Flora of Japan"; John H. Redfield and E. L. Rand were joint students of "Flora of Mount Desert Island, Maine," of which they made a preliminary catalogue a geological introduction by William "Guide prefaced by a geologi Morris Davis; Volney M. Spalding offered a to the Study of Common Plants," Oliver R. Willis "A Practical Flora" for schools and colleges, and Mrs. William Starr Dana talked of the flowers "According to Season." "Readings from the Book of Nature," by Simeon Mills, went far to elucidate some of the simple mysteries of every-day life; John A. Bower prepared "Simple Experiments for Science Teaching"; and Prof. John F. Woodhull drew up a "First Course in Science" for school use. Vol. I of "Elements of Atom Mechanics," by Gustavus Detlef Hinrichs, M. D., was devoted to "The True Atomic Weights of the Chemical Elements and the Unity of Matter"; Edward L. Nichols edited "A Laboratory Manual of Physics and Applied Electricity," Vol. I of which covered the junior course and was by Ernest Merritt and F. J. Rogers; while Vol. II, for seniors, was by George S. Moler, Frederick Bedell, E. L. Nichols, and others. Joseph Struthers, D. W. Ward, and Charles H. Willmarth contributed "Chemistry and Physics" to the "Students' Series"; W. H. Perkin and F. S. Kipping wrote an "Organic Chemistry," Paul C. Freer a "Descriptive Inorganic General Chemistry," as a college textbook; H. N. Chute a "Physical Laboratory Manual" for use in schools and colleges, and John A. Miller "An Outline of Qualitative Analysis." "Our Notions of Number and Space" were the theme of Herbert Nichols and William E. Parsons; a new revised and enlarged edition was made of "Matter, Ether, and Motion," by A. E. Dolbear; and in electricity we have "The Inventions, Researches, and Writings of Nikola Tesla," by Thomas Commerford Martin. "The Electric Transformation of Power and its Application by the Electric Motor," by Philip Atkinson, which included electric railway construction; "The Practical Application of Dynamo-electric Machinery," by Charles K. MacFadden and William D. Ray; "How to build Dynamo-electric Machinery," by Edward Trevert;" evert; "Elect Electricity One Hundred Years Ago and To-day, To-day, with Copious Extracts," by Edwin James Houston; "Alternating Current Wiring and Distribution," by William Leroy Emmet; "How to become a Successful Electrician," by T. O'Connor Sloane; "Electric Belt Construction" and "Practical Electrical Belt Fitting," by F. C. Allsop; "What an Engineer should know about Electricity," by Albert L. Clough; "The Magneto Hand Telephone," by Norman Hughes; and "How to make and use the Telephone," by George H. Cary. The tenth, eleventh, and twelfth annual reports of the Bureau of Ethnology (Smithsonian Institution) were issued, covering the years 1888-189, 1889-'90, and 1890-191. History. Among the foremost are a " History of the United States," in 2 volumes, by President E. B. Andrews; "A History of the United States for Schools," by John Fiske, whose study of "The War of Independence" was republished in the "Riverside Literature Series"; a "Dictionary of United States History, 1492-1894," four centuries of history, written concisely and arranged in dictionary form, by J. Franklin Jameson; and a "History of the United States," by Allen C. Thomas. "Cartier to Frontenac," by Justin Winsor, considers geographical discovery in the interior of North America in its historical relations, 1534-1700, and is accompanied with full cartographical illustrations from contemporary sources; C. Wyllys Betts's "American Colonial History Illustrated by Contemporary Medals," was edited, with notes, by W. T. R. Marvin and Lyman Haynes Low. Rev. Morton Dexter told again "The Story of the Pilgrims"; a fourth edition was made of Samuel G. Arnold's "History of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, 1636-1790," in 2 volumes. "The Carolina Pirates and Colonial Commerce, 16701760" were the theme of Shirley Carter Hughson in the "Johns Hopkins University Studies," as "The Struggle of Protestant Dissenters for Religious Toleration in Virginia" was that of Henry R. MeIlwaine. "Documents relating to the French Settlements on the Wabash," by Jacob Piatt Dunn, were printed by the Indiana Historical Society, as well as "Slavery Petitions and Papers" collected by the same author. Vol. III of "The Winning of the West," by Theodore Roosevelt, was devoted to "The Founding of the Trans-Alleghany Commonwealths, 1784-1790." "The Making of the Ohio Valley States, 1660-1887" was traced by Samuel Adams Drake in the "Stories of American History for Young Readers." John Spencer Bassett published "The Constitutional Beginnings of North Carolina, 1663-1729," and Clark S. Mattesen wrote a "History of Wisconsin from Prehistoric to Present Periods." "A History of the United States Navy, from 1775 to 1893," by Edgar Stanton Maclay, in 2 volumes, which won the highest commendation, was the result of nine years of labor and research; and "Our Navy: Its Growth, and Achievements," was also the theme of J. D. Jerrold Kelley. John Codınan Ropes told "The Story of the Civil War" once more; J. W. Gibson prepared "A Chart History of the Civil War, 1861-1865," for the use of schools; "Following the Greek Cross" was the title of interesting memoirs of the Sixth Army Corps, by Gen. Thomas W. Hyde; Charles E. Davis, Jr., traced the Fifteenth Massachusetts Volunteers through "Three Years in the Army "; H. L. Hedgood compiled the "Veterans' Memorial Volume," a series of original and collected sketches, anecdotes, etc., relative to the late war and that of Texan independence; Vol. II was published of "Military Essays and Recollections," read before the Illinois Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, as was also a "History of the One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers." A history of the reconstruction period in Arkansas is contained in John M. Harrell's "Brooks and Baxter War." Rose N. Yawger made a historical study of the Iroquois League of the Six Nations in "The Indian and the Pioneer," Vol. I of which appeared; and Charles F. Lummis attempted the vindication of "The Spanish Pioneers." Anson Uriel Hancock contributed "A History of Chile" to the "Latin-American Republics Series"; and "Maximilian and Carlotta," by John M. Taylor, was a story of imperialism. J. I. Mombert, D. D., wrote "A Short History of the Crusades"; George Burton Adams considered "Civilization during the Middle Ages, especially in Relation to Modern Civilization": Ephraim Emerton's "Mediæval Europe (814-1300) " was written as a continuation of his "Introduction to the Study of the Middle Ages"; "Europe in the Nineteenth Century," by Harry Pratt Judson, and "The Growth of the English Nation," by Katharine Coman and Elizabeth Kendall, both belong to "Chautauqua Reading Circle Literature." Mrs. Elizabeth Wormeley Latimer enjoyed peculiar advantages in the preparation of "England in the Nineteenth Century." "Brave Little Holland, and what she taught us" was this year the theme of William Elliot Griffis, D. D., and again she was chronicled as "The Land of Pluck," by Mrs. Mary Mapes Dodge. Mary O. Nutting (Mary Barrett) was the historian of "The Days of Prince Maurice." Twelve lectures on "The French Revolution, Tested by Mirabeau's Career," delivered by Hermann E. von Holst at the Lowell Institute, Boston, were collected, and filled 2 volumes; |