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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE.
EXAMINATIONS. MATHEMATICAL TRIPOS, 1851.

Moderators. Arthur Cayley, M. A., Trinity.

Thomas Gaskin, M. A., Jesus.

Lewis Hensley, M. A., Trinity.
Examiners. John Sykes, M. A., Pembroke.

In all cases of equality the names are bracketed.

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475

THE ARCTIC EXPEDITION.

THE SEARCH FOR SIR JOHN FRANKLIN (CONTINUED).

N the volume of the ANNUAL REGISTER for last year, was given a narrative of the proceedings of the several squadrons and parties dispatched in search of Sir John Franklin and Captain Crozier, who sailed from England in the spring of 1846, in the Erebus and Terror, with instructions to prosecute a further search for a northwest passage by sea from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This expedition was seen on the 26th of July of that year, anchored to an iceberg in Baffin's Bay, waiting to reach the entrance of Lancaster Sound; since which they have unhappily never been heard of.

It will be remembered that three distinct expeditions were sent in search of the lost adventurers, each having assigned to it a different area of exploration. The first, a ship expedition, consisting of the Plover and the Herald, was directed to penetrate through Behring's Straits, and search the northwestern coast of America so far as practicable, and thence to dispatch a boat party to the Mackenzie River. The Enterprise and Investigator, on their return from Baffin's Bay, were ordered to join the expedition through Behring's Straits.

The second, an overland expedition commanded by Sir John Richardson and Dr. Rae, were to

descend the Mackenzie to the Arctic Sea, and if possible to cross the strait to Banks's and Wollaston Lands; and returning thence to winter at Fort Simpson, where they were to be joined by the boat expedition from the Plover.

The third and most important expedition was by ships which were to pass from the westward into Lancaster Sound, and push on to Parry's and Melville Islands; and even to attempt to communicate with Sir John Richardson and Dr. Rae should any of their party succeed in penetrating to those lands.

Of the laborious and hazardous journeys made by these several parties to the winter of 1850, a full account has been given in the last volume. The position of the several expeditions at the close of the narration was as follows:

The Plover was left in winter quarters in Grantley Harbour, Kotzebue Sound, on the 29th of September, 1849, by the Herald, which then sailed to the Sandwich Islands. The boat expedition under Commander Pullen had penetrated to the Mackenzie, and reached their winter quarters at Fort Simpson on the 3rd of October, 1849.

Sir John Richardson, after searching the coast to the eastward of the Mackenzie in vain,

returned to England in May, 1849, leaving Dr. Rae to prosecute his search on the opposite lands. Dr. Rae had made a daring, but fruitless attempt to reach Wollaston Land in the summer of 1849, and had then returned to Fort Simpson, where he joined Commander Pullen, and was proposing to renew his attempt with the next

season.

The several squadrons which had penetrated Lancaster Sound had prosecuted a minute search in those icy regions without the slightest success, until, on the 23rd of August, 1850, their devotion was rewarded by the discovery, by Captain Ommanney, of the remains of a small encampment on Cape Riley, which seemed to indicate, beyond doubt, that Sir John Franklin's expedition had been there for some period in the year 1845 or 1846. The several squadrons, the Queen's ships under Captain Austin, the private expeditions under Sir John Ross and Captain Penny, and the American squadron commanded by Lieutenant de Haven, were then about to renew their search in Barrow's Strait and Wellington Strait.

The winter of 1849-50 was passed by the officers and crew of the Plover in more than usual anxiety. The detachment of Lieut. Pullen had greatly reduced the crew; the natives were not sociable; the situation of the ship far from secure; and reports began to come in from the Esquimaux which caused great uneasiness, for it seemed not impossible that Sir John Franklin's party had perished, or were perishing, within their reach. Nevertheless, the tedium of a second winter was cheerfully encountered; the natives

bartered their supplies for tobacco; numerous herds of reindeer passed in their migrations, affording healthful excitement to the sportsmen; while plays and other pastimes varied the monotony of home; and on Christmas day their men dined together at one table on the upper deck; Indeed," says Commander Moore, "I can look back with unalloyed pleasure on the unfeigned enjoyment of the crew at that season.'

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As the following spring advanced disquieting reports began to arrive. It was said that two ships, as large as the Plover, had been seen, in the summer of 1848, to the eastward of Point Barrow, but had not been afterwards heard of; and next, the more startling intelligence, from the better authority of the Russian commander of Michaelowski, that in the summer of 1848 a party of people, consisting of two officers and ten men, were on the north coast of the continent, with two boats; that they were in some degree of distress; and that they had bartered their arms, &c., with the Indians, for flour and other provisions. A native also came in, who stated that his tribe had bartered with a number of people "like ourselves," in a vessel near Point Barrow.

These reports gave Commander Moore much anxiety; the people referred to might be Franklin or some of his party straggling homewards, or Lieut. Pullen exposed to disaster on his voyage. It was necessary that these rumours should be investigated. Several parties were accordingly sent out overland, who returned, after enduring much hardship and fatigue, with vague rumours of alarming import. It seemed that the scene of the alleged disaster could only

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