tory, nor the fleeting glory of victories; but that it is our wish and endeavour to secure the general safety, the preservation cf our allies, and the dignity of our empire. Given at St. Petersburg, August 30, and in the sixth year of our government.

ALEXANDER. Countersigned by the miniser for foreign affairs,

ANDRE BUDBERG.

signed avails himself of the present opportunity to repeat, &c. Head-quarters, at Griefswald, Sept. 3, 1806,

NOTE.

His majesty the king of Sweden having caused this duchy to be taken possession of by his troops in the name of our most gracious sovereign and master, has given us orders to resume again the administration, and to replace things in their former state. In consequence the orders of the commission of or

The entrance of the Swedish troops into the duchy of Lauen, burg, and the peaceable re-occupation of that country in the name of his Britannic majesty, having restored affairs to the situation in which they were previous to the commencement of hostilities be tween Sweden and Prussia, and produced a result satisfactory to the king and his ally, the undersigned has the honour to inform N. N. by the express order of his majesty, that he has caused to cease the measures hitherto adopted against the ports and commerce of his majesty the king of Prussia, of which N. N. was informed at the time by the notes of his excellency the grand marshal count de Fersen, dated the 27th of April, and 6th of May last. In consequence, the necessary orders have been given to raise entirely the blockade of the ports of Prussia, as also to take off the embargo laid on the vessels of that power, which were in the ports of Sweden.

Requesting N. N. to convey to the knowledge of his court the contents of this note, the under

cea e to be executed, the royal seal of our sovercign will be again brought into use, all the marks of foreign sovereignty will be remov ed, in a peaceable manner, however, and without suffering any excesses in the execution of these measures, in which case the Swedish force may be called out. The old custom-house aras shall be replac ed; and to prevent all ulterior difficulties whatever, we think it our duty not to permit the sending to Hanover of the money belonging to the publick chests, until further orders.

Ratzeburg, Aug. 31, 1806.

By the high bailiff of his majesty

the king of Great Britain, elector of Brunswick Lunenburg, deputed to the government of the duchy of Lauenburg, the privy-councillors, and councillors of administration.

(Signed) VON HAKE.

Letter from M. De Wetterstedt, private secretary to his Swedish majesty, to M. d'Alopeus, Russian minister to Sweden, at Nieuburg.

Head-quarters, Griefswald,
April 6, 1805.
Sir,I have this day received the
letter

letter of the 3d instant, which, you did me the honour of writing to me, and which I lost no time in laying before the king my master. It is by his orders that I take the earliest opportunity of communicating to you his intentions respecting the important subject of your official dispatch.

His majesty was not in the least surprised at the demand made by the Prussian government, concerning the evacuation of the territory of Lauenburg, for he has been a long time in expectation of it; and particularly as he considers his new proceeding as a natural consequence of the system of his Prussian majesty. Any attack upon the Swedish troops in the Luenburg would be, in effect, a formal declaration of war against Sweden, and would put the final seal to this system, by proving that the court of Berlin is even ready to shed blood to promote to their full extent the ambitious views of Bonaparte. His majesty has nothing to reproach himself with. He has only followed what the principles and the interests of his ally dictated to him.

With such motives for his guide, his majesty will make no alteration in the measures he has adopted, and will not assuredly, upon the eve of hostilities, make choice of that moment to withdraw his troops from a province, which consequently would fall under the authority of a power as foreign to the wishes of its inhabitants, as it is contrary to the express will of its sovereign.

The result of these observations is, that the king has ordered me to communicate to you, that his majesty is determined to abide the consequences of the approaching events; that strong in the justice of his cause, and relying implicitly upon

the decrees of providence, he is resolved to meet whatever circumstances may result from the present crisis of affairs. WETTERSTEDT.

CONFEDERATION OF THE RHINE.

The new treaty of confederation signed at Paris, on the 12th of July, and exchanged at Munich on the 25th of the same month, consists of forty articles. The preamble states, that experience having shown that the Germanic constitution can give no kind of security for either internal or external peace to the south of Germany, the contracting parties to this treaty, viz. his majesty the emperor of the French on the one part, and on the other the kings of Bavaria and Wurtemberg, the elector arch-chancellor and the elector of Baden, the duke of Berg, the landgrave of Hesse Darmstadt, the princes of Nassau, Weilberg-Usingen, of Hohenzollern, Hechingen, Siezmaringen, of Salm Salm, and Salm Herburg, of Isenburg Bristein, and of Lichtenstein, the duke of Ahrentberg, and the count of Leyn, have agreed to the following articles:

Art. 1. The states of the above princes are for ever separated from the German political body, and united by a particular confederation, under the name of the Con federated States of the Rhine.

Art. 2. All the laws of the empite are abrogated and null with respect to these states.

Art. 3. Each of the contracting princes renounces all such titles as have a relation to the old constitu tion of the empire; and on the first of August ensuing they will formally declare their separation from the German empire.

Art.

Art. 4. The elector arch-chancellor receives the title of prince primate and most eminent highness; which, however, confers no prerogative inconsistent with the full sovereignty enjoyed by the other contracting parties.

Art. 5. The elector of Baden, the duke of Berg, and the landgrave of Hesse Darmstadt, take the title of grand dukes and royal highnesses, and enjoy all the rights, prerogatives, and homage due to the regal dignity. Rank and precedence among them shall be according as they are named in the first article., The head of the house of Nassau shall take the title of duke, and the count of Leyn that of prince.

Art. 6. The common interests of the confederated states shall be discussed in an assembly of the league or diet, the seat of which shall be at Frankfort, and the assembly shall be divided into two colleges, that of the kings, and that of the prinees. Art. 7. The members of this confederation shall be independent of any foreign power, nor enter into any kind of service, except with the states in the confederation.

Art. 8. No member shall alienate his sovereignty, either in whole or in part, except in favour of a confederate.

Art. 9. All disputes which may arise between the members of the confederation shall be decided in the assembly of the leagu, at Frankfort.

Art. 10. The prince primate shall be president in the college of kings, and the duke of Nassau in that of the princes.

Art. 11. Within a month after the declaration has been made at Ratisbon, the prince primate of the confederation shall draw up a constitution-statute, which shall deter

mine when the assembly shall be convoked, and the objects and form of its deliberation.

Art. 12. The emperor Napoleon shall be declared protector of the alliance; and in quality of protec tor, whenever the prince primate dies, he shall appoint his successor.

The articles, &c. to 23 inclusive stipulate the different cessions and acquisitions of the confederates. Thus Nassau cedes to Berg the town of Deuss and its territory. Bavaria acquires the imperial city of Nuremberg and its territory, and the prince primate the imperial city of Frankfort.

Art. 21. The members of the confederation subject to their sovereignty all the princes, counts, and lords, within the circle of the allied territory. [Then follows a detail of the division, by which several of the more considerable principalities are divided among two, three, or more new sovereigns; as for exampie, the territories of Hohenlohe be tween Bavaria and Wurtemberg; those of Saxis among three, and those of Furstenburg among four different sovereigns.]

Art. 26. Defines the rights of sovereignty, legislation, judicial authority, the police, military conscription, and impost.

Art. 27. The subjected princes and counts shall retain their domains, seignorial rights, &c.

The 35th article stipulates, that there shall be an alliance between the emperor of the French and the confederated states, by virtue of which, every continental war in which either of the two parties shall be engaged, shall be common to both.

Art. 36. Should a foreign or neighbouring power arm, the contracting parties shall likewise arm, to prevent surprise. The notifica

tion for such arming shall be made by the emperor Napoleon. The contingent of the allies shall be divided into four parts, and the assembly of the league shall determine how many of those parts shall be put in motion.

Art. 37. Bavaria engages to fortify the cities of Augsburgh and Lindau, and to make them depôts of artillery, arms, ammunition, and provisions.

Art. 38. The contingents of the several allied powers shall be as follows:-France, 200,000 men; Bavaria, 30,000; Wurtemberg, 12,000; Baden, 8,000; Berg, 5,000; Darmstadt, 4,000; Nassau-Hohenzollern, and others, 4,000.

Art. 39. The contracting parties will admit other German princes and states into the alliance, when it shall be found suitable to the common interest.

Art. 40. The ratification of this treaty shall be exchanged at Munich on the 25th July.

Signed by the Plenipotentiaries of the contracting parties.

Paris, July 12th, 1806.

The instrument of the act of ratification was signed by the emperor at St. Cloud, on the 19th of July, and countersigned by the minister Talleyrand, and secretary

of state.

CIRCULAR NOTE,

MARET.

Addressed to their majesties, imperial and royal highnesses, dukes and most serene princes, associated in the confederation, of the Rhine, on the part of the prince primate of the confederation.

The prince primate of the confederation has the honour to inform their majesties, imperial and serene highnesses, &c. &c., that his minis ter plenipotentiary baron d'Albini

ད

repaired to Frankfort at the beginning of this month, to make preparations in his name for the opening of the Diet, in as much as might accord with the intentions of the associated kings and sovereigns. The act of confederation having designated that term for proposing a fundamental statute, the opening of the sittings will depend probably upon the arrival of the plenipotentiaries. Ardently desiring to deserve the confidence of the associated kings and princes, the prince primate regards it as the first duty of his office, not to propose any thing which might got be generally acknowledged as of essential advantage to the confederation, as well as consistent with the perfect independence of the confederated sovereigns.

"If the formation of a fundamental statute cannot be the work of a day, and that an object of such importance requires the most mature reflection, it is notwithstanding equally true, that it is desirable that the confederation should from its commencement be established upon an immoveable basis. Its object is to obtain tranquillity and serenity, the true happiness of nations, and to enable sovereigns to occupy themselves without interruption in the prosperity of their states, in increasing the happiness of the towns and country, by the enlightened atgovernment, and by the encouragetention of a prudent and paternal ment of useful arts and sciences, the true sources of the splendour of august dynasties and sovereign houses. The south of Germany, after ages of misfortunes, troubles, and wars, cannot but ardently wish that its eternal happiness should be established upon an imperishable basis. The prince primate submits to the wisdom of the confederate d

the question, whether the fundamental maxim of the inviolability of the territory of the confederation, be not the first and most important of all the bases of the pubfic prosperity? Whether it be agreeable to the high wisdom of the confederated kings and princes never to allow a passage to foreign troops, though even disarmed, without the consent of the entire confederation? And, finally, if it be not also conformable to the dignity of independent sovereigns, that the representatives at the diet of Frankfort, engaged in assuring domestic tranquillity, should neither send ministers to, nor receive them from foreign courts; a right which is naturally reserved to each of the august kings and sovereigns, and not to a meeting of their plenipotentiaries.

"If the diet of Frankfort should hereafter apply to his majesty the emperor of the French and king of Italy, as protector, to obtain his guarantee of such an inviolability of the territory of the confederation, we may be allowed to entertain a hope that this favour, one of the first importance, will not be refused on the part of that great man, who has known how to respect the inviolability of one of the most important countries in the world, notwithstanding the obstacles which appeared to oppose it.

The prince primate submits these observations to the kings, princes, &c. &c. associated in the confederation of the Rhine, and will always feel happy if his zealous disinterestedness can deserve their confidence and approbation.

CHARLES.

Aschaffenburgh, Sept. 18, 1806.

Copy of a letter from the marquis de Ghisilieri to M. de Zanino, an officer of the regiment of Thurn, and communicated by that officer to his comrades, by désire of the marquis de Ghisilieri.

Castelnovo, 6th March, 1806. Sir,-As in the difficult circumstances in which I have found myself placed, nothing could lie nearer my heart than not to decide any thing which could displease so brave and so estimable a garrison as that of Cattaro, and as besides, according to what lieutenant d'Esembergh has informed me, I have

reason to fear that I have not entirely accomplished my object, I avail myself of the personal knowledge which I had the happiness to have of you, sir, to make to you amicably two observations only, and to beg of you to communicate them also to your comrades.

1st. It is not to the summons of a power at war with our august master, and still less at the demand of the Montenegrins, with whom I have not even entered into treaty, but only to the reiterated summons of a Russian commandant that I have taken the resolution of withdrawing the troops of his majesty from this province; and consequently it is only by the express wish of a court in friendship and alliance with our own, and against which superior orders are very precise, not to use other means than those of declarations and protests, and never any measures of armed defence..

2dly. I have not entered into any capitulation with the Russian commandant, which I should never