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medal, to award him, in addition to said bar, such token as it is customary to award in acknowledgment of the services of masters and crews of foreign vessels in rescuing American citizens from shipwreck.

The Secretary of the Treasury is hereby authorized to bestow the life-saving medal of the second class upon persons making such sigual exertions in rescuing and succoring the shipwrecked, and saving persons from drowning, as, in his opinion, shall merit such recognition.

336. School-ships.

June 18, 1878.

Sec. 12.

The Secretary of the Navy, to promote nautical educa- June 20, 1874. tion, is hereby authorized and empowered to furnish, upon the application in writing of the Governor of the State, a suitable vessel of the Navy, with all her apparel, charts, books, and instruments of navigation, provided the same can be spared without detriment to the naval service, to be used for the benefit of any nautical school, or school or college having a nautical branch, established at each or any of the ports of New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Norfolk, Wilmington, Mobile, Charleston, New Orleans, Mar. 3, 1881. Savannah, Baton Rouge, in Narragansett Bay, and San Francisco, upon the condition that there shall be maintained, at such port, a school or branch of a school for the instruction of youths in navigation, steamship, marine enginery and all matters pertaining to the proper construction, equipment and sailing of vessels or any particular branch thereof.

And the President of the United States is hereby authorized, when in his opinion the same can be done without det riment to the public service, to detail proper officers of the Navy as superintendents of, or instructors in, such schools:

Provided, That if any such school shall be discontinued, or the good of the naval service shall require, such vessel shall be immediately restored to the Secretary of the Navy, and the officers so detailed recalled:

And provided further, That no person shall be sentenced to or received at, such schools as a punishment or commutation of punishment for crime.

337. Instruction in shipbuilding.

For the purpose of promoting a knowledge of steam- Feb. 26, 1879. engineering and iron-ship building among the young men of the United States, the President may, upon the application of an established scientific school or college within the United States, detail an officer from the Engineer Corps of the Navy as professor in such school or college:

Provided, That the number of officers so detailed shall not at any time exceed twenty-five, and such details shall be governed by rules to be prescribed from time to time by the President:

And provided further, That such details may be withheld or withdrawn whenever, in the judgment of the President, the interests of the public service shall so require,

Aug. 3, 1894.

Mar. 3, 1883.

Sec. 2.

Sec. 3.

338. Vessels for the Naval Militia.

The Secretary of the Navy is hereby authorized and empowered to loan temporarily to any State, upon the written application of the governor thereof, a vessel of the Navy, to be selected from such vessels as are not suitable or required for general service, together with such of her apparel, charts, books, and instruments of navigation as he may deem proper; said vessel to be used only by the regularly organized naval militia of the State for the purposes of drill and instruction: Provided, That when the organization of the naval militia of such State shall be abandoned, or when the interests of the naval service shall so require, such vessel, together with her apparel, charts, books, and instruments of navigation, shall be immediately restored to the custody of the Secretary of the Navy: And provided further, That when such loan is made to the governor of any State, the Secretary of the Navy is authorized to detail from the enlisted force of the Navy a sufficient number of men, not exceeding six for any vessel, as shipkeepers, the men so detailed to be additional to the number of enlisted men allowed by law for the naval establishment, and in making details for this service preference shall be given to those men who have served twenty years or more in the Navy.

339. North Atlantic fisheries.

In the judgment of Congress the provisions of articles numbered eighteen to twenty-five, inclusive, and of article thirty of the treaty between the United States and Her Britannic Majesty, for an amicable settlement of all causes of difference between the two countries, concluded at Washington on the eighth day of May, anno Domini eighteen hundred and seventy-one, ought to be terminated at the earliest possible time, and be no longer in force; and to this end the President be, and he hereby is, directed to give notice to the Government of Her Britannic Majesty that the provisions of each and every of the articles aforesaid will terminate and be of no force on the expiration of two years next after the time of giving such notice.

The President be, and he hereby is, directed to give and communicate to the Government of Her Britannic Majesty such notice of such termination on the first day of July, anno Domini eighteen hundred and eighty-three, or as soon thereafter as may be.

On and after the expiration of the two years' time required by said treaty, each and every of said articles shall be deemed and held to have expired and be of no force and effect, and every department of the Government of the United States shall execute the laws of the United States (in the premises) in the same manner and to the same effect as if said articles had never been in force; and the act of Congress approved March first, anno Domini eighteen hundred and seventy-three, entitled "An act to

carry into effect the provisions of the treaty between the United States and Great Britain, signed in the city of Washington the eighth day of May, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, relating to the fisheries," so far as it relates to the articles of said treaty so to be terminated shall be and stand repealed and be of no force on and after the time of the expiration of said two years.

340. Special privilege for foreign war vessels.

The privilege of purchasing supplies from the public R. S., 2982. warehouses duty free, shall be extended, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe, to the vessels of war of any nation in ports of the United States which may reciprocate such privilege toward the vessels of war of the United States in its ports.

341. Navy ration.

The Navy ration shall consist of the following daily allow R. S., 1580. ance of provisions to each person: One pound of salt pork, with half a pint of beans or peas; or one pound of salt beef, with half a pound of flour and two ounces of dried apples, or other dried fruit; or three-quarters of a pound of preserved meat, with a half pound of rice, two ounces of butter, and one ounce of desiccated "mixed vegetables "; or three-quarters of a pound of preserved meat, two ounces of butter, and two ounces of desiccated potatoes; together with fourteen ounces of biscuit, one-quarter of an ounce of tea, or one ounce of coffee or cocoa, and two ounces of sugar; and a weekly allowance of half a pint of pickles, half a pint of molasses, and half a pint of vinegar.

The following substitution for the components of the R. S., 1581. ration may be made when it is deemed necessary by the senior officer present in command: For one pound of salt beef or pork, one pound and a quarter of fresh meat or three-quarters of a pound of preserved meat; for any or all of the articles usually issued with the salted meats, vegetables equal to the same in value; for fourteen ounces of biscuit, one pound of soft bread, or one pound of flour, or half pound of rice; for half a pint of beans or peas, half a pound of rice, and for half a pound of rice, half a pint of beans or peas. And the Secretary of the Navy may substitute for the ration of coffee and sugar the extract of coffee combined with milk and sugar, and six ounces of desiccated tomatoes for two ounces of desiccated potatoes May 3, 1880. if he shall believe such substitution to be conducive to the health and comfort of the Navy, and not to be more expensive to the Government than the present ration: Provided, That the same shall be acceptable to the men.

342. Proposed maritime canals.

For the purpose of ascertaining the feasibility, perma- Mar. 2, 1895. nence, and cost of the construction, and completion of Nicaragua Canal by the route contemplated and provided for by an Act which passed the Senate January twenty

eighth, eighteen hundred and ninety-five, entitled "An Act to amend the Act entitled 'An Act to incorporate the Maritime Canal Company of Nicaragua,' approved February twentieth, eighteen hundred and eighty-nine," twenty thou sand dollars, to be expended under the direction of the Secretary of State.

And a board of three engineers is hereby constituted to make the survey and examination necessary for such ascertainment; said board to be selected and appointed by the President of the United States, one from the Corps of Engineers of the United States Army, one from the Engineers of the Navy, and one from civil life; and the compensation of the members of said board shall be fixed by the President, not to exceed five thousand dollars each, including such pay as the engineers so selected are receiving, for the time they are so employed, from the Government. And the said board, under such arrangements and regulations as shall be made by the Secretary of State with the approval of the President of the United States, shall visit and personally inspect the route of the said canal, examine and consider the plans, profiles, sections, prisms, and specifications for its various parts, and report thereon to the President; and should they ascertain that any deviation from the general line of the proposed route is desirable, they shall so state in their findings and conclusions with regard thereto in their report. And said board shall make their report on or before November first, eighteen hundred and ninety-five; and the appropriation shall be immediately available.

The President of the United States is authorized to appoint, immediately after the passage of this Act, three persons, who shall have power to meet and confer with any similar committee which may be appointed by the Government of Great Britain or of the Dominion of Canada, and who shall make inquiry and report whether it is feasible to build such canals as shall enable vessels engaged in ocean commerce to pass to and fro between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean, with an adequate and controllable supply of water for continual use; where such canals can be most conveniently located, the probable cost of the same, with estimates in detail; and if any part of the same should be built in the territory of Canada, what regulations or treaty arrangements will be necessary between the United States and Great Britain to preserve the free use of such canal to the people of this country at all times; and all necessary facts and considerations relating to the construction and future use of deep-water channels between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean. The persons so appointed shall serve without compensation in any form, but they shall be paid their actual traveling and other necessary expenses, not exceeding in all ten thousand dollars, for which purpose the said sum of ten thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary, is hereby appropriated. The President may, in his discretion, detail as one of such persons an officer of the Army or Navy.

343 Seizure.

PART XL-LEGAL PROCEDURE.

| 344. Summary trial.

343. Seizure.

Proceedings on seizures, for forfeiture under any law of R. S., 734. the United States, made on the high seas may be prosecuted in any district into which the property so seized is brought and proceedings instituted. Proceedings on such seizures made within any district shall be prosecuted in the district where the seizure is made, except in cases where it is otherwise provided.

When any vessel, goods, wares, or merchandise are seized by an officer of the customs, and prosecuted for forfeiture by virtue of any law respecting the revenue, or the registering or recording, or the enrolling and licensing of vessels, the court shall cause fourteen days' notice to be given of such seizure and libel, by causing the substance of such libel, with the order of the court thereon, setting forth the time and place appointed for trial, to be inserted in some newspaper published near the place of seizure, and by posting up the same in the most public manner for the space of fourteen days, at or near the place of trial; and proclamation shall be made in such manner as the court shall direct. And if no person appears and claims such vessel, goods, wares, or merchandise, and gives bond to defend the prosecution thereof and to respond the cost in case he shall not support his claim, the court shall proceed to hear and determine the cause according to law.

R. S., 923.

All vessels, goods, wares, or merchandise which shall be R. S., 939. condemned by virtue of any law respecting the revenue from imports or tonnage, or the registering and recording, or the enrolling or licensing of vessels, and for which bonds shall not have been given by the claimant, shall be sold by the marshal or other proper officer of the court in which condemnation shall be had, to the highest bidder, at public auction, by order of such court, and at such place as the court may appoint, giving at least fifteen days' notice (except in cases of perishable merchandise) in one or more of the public newspapers of the place where such sale shall be; or if no paper is published in such place, in one or more of the papers published in the nearest place thereto; for which advertising, a sum not exceeding five dollars shall

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