2. (In capitals.) Sacred to the memory of John Borrer, late of Henfield, who died the 11th of Sept. 1793, aged 32 years. The ftone pillar, with dials, in the church-yard, feen in the view, is called Brand's Monument, having been erected by a mafon who is buried under it. I have heard the following lines (not very creditable indeed to the character of the deceafed) repeated as his epitaph. Here lies the body of William Brand,' Who work'd thro' life in lime and fand; And, 'caufe he would not be forgotten, He built this tomb for his bones to rot in: But where he's gone no one can tell, Some fay to Heaven-but fome to Hell; For that's the place where A theifts dwell, In a writ," Pro Expenfis Hofpitii Regis," 7th of Henry IV. (A. D. 1406), is the following curious entry : "Decem libras nobis de firma Ecclefiæ de Perpondeshurft in comitatu Suffexiæ, occafione Utlagariæ, in Johannem Wellys, perfonam ejufdem ecclefiæ, de feloniâ judicatum, ad fectam noftram promulgatæ, debitas; ac etiam firmam decem librarum per annum, de ecclefia prædictâ, pro hujusmodi expenfis, quamdiu eadem firma in manibus noftris fuerit ex caufâ fupradi&tâ." Rymer, Fœdera, tom. VIII. fol. 442. The fair on Auguft 10, interfering with the neceffary duties of harveft, was, about 40 years ago, changed to May-day. Its chief articles are pedlary and toys. Danny (not Dauny, as in 1112) is the name of Mr. Campion's refpectable old manfion, which deferves a drawing and defcription, though at prefent I am unprepared with either. It fiands at the foot of Wolfianbury, one of the moft prominent hills of that majestic range called the South Downs; and may, perhaps, have received its appellation of Danny from dæne, i. e. Vallis, vel locus fylveftris. is given in Plate I. The prefent name is A plan of the camp on Wolftanbury evidently derived from fome Saxon chieftain named Wolftan (pulszan-berig, bouring inhabitants ftill retain a tra oppidum Wulfiani) of whom the neighditionary remembrance; but its circumvallation was probably the work of British Warriors, though fubfequently used by Romans, Danes, and Saxons; who would all find advantage in poffeffing this elevated and commanding flation, which overlooks a confiderable portion of the Weald of Suffex; and forms a very important link in the extenfive chain of encamp ments on the South Downs. That the Romans occupied it, is afcertained from their coins, which are not unfrequently difcovered within the Roundel, Middle brafs of the lower empire are in the poffeffion of Mr. Weekes, Surgeon, of Hurft-per-point, who has formed a little mufeum of col lections in Natural Hiftory and Antiquities. WILLIAM HAMPER. Mr. URBAN, July 13. HE annexed copy of an original' THE Letter of King Charles I. written from his head-quarters at Matfon dur ing the fiege of Gloucefter, may, per haps, not be unacceptable to fome of your very numerous readers and admirers. The letter was lately found, by an attorney, among fome old papers which had belonged to the family of one of the gentlemen to whom it was addreffed, and is now in the poffeffion of Sir J. Smith, Bart. Collinfon, in his Hifiory of Somerfet, makes no mention of Dr. Weekes, in whose behalf this letter was written. But he appears, from Wood's Fafti, Oxon. vol. II. p. 39, to have been created Doctor of Divinity of that Univerfity," May 29, 1643." John Weekes, Preben dary of Briflol, and Batchelor of Di, vinity of Cambridge above twenty years ftanding. This doctor, a joculir perfon, was now a preacher in Oxford fometimes, either before the King or Parliament, and fuffered much for the royal caufe. Afterwards he was made Dean of St. Burien, in Cornwall, upon the promotion of Dr. Creighton to that of Wells; and, after his death, the faid deanery was annexed to the Bishop rick of Exeter." There is, probably, fome farther account of this gentleman in Walker's “Sufferings of the Clergy." "Charles R. "Trufty and well beloved, wee greete you well. Whereas wee understand that the Vicaridge of Chue Magna, in our County of Somerset, to wch you are patrons, is now become voyd by the death of John Fabian, the late incumbent; and whereas John Weekes, Doctor in Divinity, and Chaplaine of our troops, is well knowne to us to be of very good learning, and a well deferving perfon, having conftantly and painfully attended us from the firft beginning of this present Rebellion, and having fuffered much by the Rebells for his Loyalty to us: Wee have thought fitt, and doe hereby very earnestly recomend him to you, to be prefented by you to the fayd living. Wherein yor compliance with this our defyre fhall be taken by us in very good part; and wee fhall be ready to remember the fame, upon all occafions, for yor advantage. And foe wee bid you heartily farewell. Given att our court at Matfon, the 22d of Auguft, 1643. (L. S.)" FRANCIS ISACK, WILLIAM SQUIRE, and THO. WESTCOT, Gent. To our trufty and well-beloved Fran- The above letter is very neatly written, apparently with the King's own hand. The feal is a wafer, about the fize of a crown piece. The impreffion the arms of Scotland and England, quarterly round the edge, in two circles, is an illegible infcription; per haps the motto of the Order of the Garter. Yours, &c. S. D. Mr. URBAN, Worcester, Sept. 8. IN my obfervations on the fubject of Reflections on Water, inferted in p. 716, I very inadvertently mentioned the name of Malton; which, I have been thinking fince, may pof fibly be deemed an attack upon his meinory; for, I am informed, he is dead. So far from this, Mr. Urban, on the contrary, I highly revere it; for it is to him that I owe the little knowledge I have attained in perfpective. When I felected him, it was becaufe his work was molt familiar to me; for, in fact, I have studied no other, deeming it by far the beft treatife on perfpective that has ever yet fallen in my way; and, infiead of being thought to pafs an invidious attack upon it, I could wish to recommend not it. Indeed, Mr. Urban, it was no my intention to cenfure any writer on the fubject, but merely to fay what feemed to me to have efcaped notice; and fo I wish to be understood. My object in laying before your readers the Obfervations on Reflections, is chiefly if I am wrong, to be fet right by any to amufe the picturefque obferver; and, of your candid Correfpondents; and, for this reafon, I have left open the field of theoretic demonftration for abler pens than mine to indulge in, if the fubject fhall be deemed worth the trouble: I have only made my appeal to common fenfe; and, if I am underflood by that, it is the extent of my wifh. Your inferting this declaration will greatly oblige Yours, &c. J. Ross. P. S. Mr. Urban will also farther' oblige me, in prefenting my refpects to the Architect, and faying that his papers on Architectural Innovations have been a fund of entertainment to me, enlifted as I am under his banboth been, and ftill are, engaged by ner particularly fo, as I find we have the fame liberal Patrons of the Arts, in transferring to the cabinet fpecimens of the beauties of our old English Antiquities. *** Page 717, col. 1, line 21, for in than read than in. Mr. URBAN, IT is chich Mr. Rofs introduces his Epping, Sept. 10. fuppofed difcovery on the reflection on water in your Magazine, pp. 716, 717. He informs us he was firft ftruck with this wonderful appearance in 1777, whilft walking on the Western border of the Severn, oppofite to the City of Worcefter. He happening to be directly fronting to the tower of St. Andrew's church, the reflection of it appeared perpendicular; but the reflections of the Cathedral and All Saint's church, on each fide of it, tended to the eye, making the eye their vanishing point. And though Mr. Rofs had doubtlefs, paffed by feveral fine pieces of water, which every day afforded objects proper for ocular investigation of his fuppofed difcovery, yet, for more than twenty years, it was permitted to lie dormant; and had he not, luckily, laid his hand on one of the proofs of fome engraved views of Hereford, where he had introduced his new fyftem, the whole might have" curious to obferve the manner Leen been loft to the world, and Artifts have continued to distort Nature in their picturefque delineations, for want of being acquainted with Mr. Rofs's theory of reflection ! But let us feriously examine Mr. Rofs's remarks by the well-known ettablished rules of catoptrics, and then we shall be able to judge how far they are confiftent with nature and reafon. Mr. Rofs fays, "Reflections" (I fuppofe he means the images of objects re; flected), do not enter into or go through tranfparent bodies, but remain merely on the furface." This affertion cannot be true; for, when an object is seen by a plane reflecting furface, fuch as water, glafs, &c. its image appears as far behind that furface as the object is diftant from it. Again, the ray of incidence and reflection are both in the fame plane, perpendicular to the reflecting furface in the point of incidence. And farther, changing the fituation of the eye does not at all change the fituation of the image; it will always appear in the fame plane whilft the object and the reflecting furface are fixed. Therefore, if the object be perpendicular to the reflecting furface, the image alfo will be perpendicular to it. Hence objects fianding perpendicular to the horizon, near a piece of fill water, will always be reflected perpendicularly, let the fituation of the eye be what it may with regard to the objects. I am well aware that of all the fenfes none is more liable to millead the judgment than the fight. And, indeed, Mr. Urban, the truth of this was never more fully verified than in the remarks contained in your Correfpondent's letter. But this more forcibly excites our furprife, when we are told they are the obfervations of an artift; and one who has made the " fudy of reflections a Science!" But, I confefs, the meaning of this phrafe is not very intelligible. Does he fuppofe the nature of reflectd vifion never was treated fcientifically? If fo, I would recommend him to read fome of our beft mathematicians on optics, fuch as Newton, Smith, Emerfon, &c. where he will find this fubject handled in a mafterly manner, under the title of Caloptrics. But, from what is faid in the concluding part of his letter, we may be led to fuppofe that this gentleman has arranged his ideas on the fubject in a new, regular, and fcientific manner; should this be the cafe, and his letter be a fpecimen, I am fearful, if ever he offers fuch a work to the world, though it might afford fome amufement to the reader, yet the Artist would profit but little by it. Your Correfpondent's defi nitions of reflections and fhades are almoft the reverfe of each other, and contrary to reafon and truth. Should Mr. Rofs call upon me to explain any thing advanced in this let ter, I am ready to anfwer his requeft, and will enter into a mathematical inveftigation of the fame. Yours, &c. T. SQUIRE. Mr. URBAN, Beccles, Sept. 4. N reply to "Investigator," p. 16, concerning the ancient custom called hot-corn; I am apt to believe it confifted of a certain quan tity of Corn payable to the Rector, or Vicar, of a parish annually. Several customs of this nature were originally in ufe; fome of which yet remain in many of our antient parishes; particularly church-fhot ;" which was a houfe-tax payable at Martinmas, for that holine and that hearth where a. man refided the preceding Christmas. Light-fhot, or candle money," was difcharged three times a year; a halfpenny worth of wax from each hide of land upon Eafter Eve, All Saints, and at Candlemas. 66 Soul-fhot," a burial fee, contingent on the performance of duty, and paid at the open grave: nay, fometimes, although the body was not interred in the parish, the "foul-fhott" was difcharged to the minfler to which the perfon belonged. There was alfo another cuftom ufed by our ancestors, viz. "Plough-alms,” which was a penny from every ploughland in the parish, and generally paid within fifteen days after Eafter. Shot corn," therefore, clearly appears to me to have been a certain quantity of Corn paid as before obferved, or money in lieu of the fame. It is alfo necefsary to add, that the customs above-mentioned were made by the Saxons for the better provifion of the Clergy. Should these observations be of any fervice to "Invefligator," it will give great pleafure to Yours, &c. Mr. URBAN, W. ALDIS. Sept. 17. PERMIT me to enquire whether it was not a part of the duty impofed on the Board of Health, which has been, lately ; lately diffolved, to require memorials to be tranfmitted to them from the Medical gentlemen fent out to Gibraltar, relative to the malignant Epidemick which raged there during the Autumn of 1804; and, from fuch memorials, to draw up and publish a complete defcription of that diforder, together with an account of the method of treatment which proved moft fuccessful and of the measures that were reforted to for fuppreffing and eradicating the contagion? A circumftantial and authentic hiftory of this kind would be of the higheft value to the Faculty; who might refer to it as the best source for information in the event of a fimilarly malignant epidemick breaking out in any part of his Majefty's dominions. It is therefore to be hoped, that if a fet of memorials relative to this fubject have been tranfmitted to the Board of Health, the publick may yet reap the benefit of them; and that fome perfon or perfous may be employed by Government to examine and methodize thofe memorials, fo as to exhibit to the world a full and connected hiftory of the epidemick in question. ANTILOIMOS. A Yours, &c. Mr. URBAN, Soho Square, Aug 9. Ta numerous meeting of the Faculty, held this evening at the houfe of the Right Honorable Sir Jofeph Banks, Bart. K. B. Prefident of the Royal Society, &c. Dr. Harrison laid upon the table the antwers he had received to the different circular letters tranfmitted to the public bodies and individual practitioners of the United Kingdom, in purfuance of a former refolution. He then prefented the following Plan for better regulating the practice of Phyfick in its different branches; which being read and confidered, the fubfequent Refolutions were entered into: Colleges of Surgcons, or other Chirurgi cal Corporations, of the United Kingdom. That he fhall have ferved an apprenticefhip of five years to a practitioner in furgery, and afterwards have spent at leaft two years in the study of Anatomy and Surgery in a reputable fchool or schools of Phyfick. 3. "That no perfon fhall practise as an Apothecary until he fhall have ferved an apprenticeship of five years to fome regular Apothecary, or Surgeon practising as an Apothecary ;-that he fhall have ftudied the different branches of Phyfick in fome reputable fchool or fchools during the fpace of at leaft one year, and shall have attained the age of twenty-one years. 4. "That no man fhall practise Midwifery unless he has attended anatomical lectures twelve months, and received inftructions, for the fame term, from fome experienced Accoucheur, and fhall have affifted at real labours. And that no female fhall practite Midwifery without a fome regular practitioner or practitioners certificate of fitnefs and qualification from in that branch. 5. "That no perfon fhall follow the bufinefs of a Retail Chemift or Druggift, unless he shall have ferved an apprenticeship of five years to that art. 6. "That none of these reftrictions be conftrued to affect perfons at present regularly practifing in the different branches of Medicine. 7. "Whether Phyficians fhall be entitled to recover their fees by the usual legal means? 8. "That a regifter fhall be kept of all Medical Practitioners in the United Kingdom; and every perfon in future entering upon the practice of any branch of the profeffion fhall pay a fine on admiffion; the amount and difpofition of which to be fettled and specified hereafter, "Refolved, 1. "That it appears from the returns to the circular letters, that the abuses complained of do exift to a great degree in every part of the United Kingdom; and that the neceffity for adopting regulations for their correction is univerfally admitted. 2. "That it seems to be expedient that the plan propofed by Dr. Harrison be adopted as the bafis of regulation; fubject, however, to fuch alterations as may hereafter appear to be neceffary, 3. "That Sir Jofeph Banks and Dr. Harrison be requested to wait again upon the Right Hon. Lord Henry Petty, to ftate to him the progrefs of the undertaking, and to confult him upon farther measures. 4. "That the following gentlemen be appointed a committee to confer and correfpond "That a voluntary fubfcription of One Guinea each be received from the town and country practitioners, by any member of the Committee, to enable them to profecute the important objects in which they are engaged. (The names of fubfcribers to be published hereafter.) 6. "That Dr. Harrifon be requefted to circulate the above Plan and Refolutions of this evening among the Faculty of the United Kingdom, in the manner of the former circular letter. 7. "That, fince perfons of every rank and occupation in life are deeply interested in the propofed regulations the Faculty are particularly requested to fubmit them to the principal inhabitants of their re fpective diftricts, by convening meetings, or in any other mode which they may think proper. 8. "That the thanks of this meeting be given to the Right Hon. Sir Jofeph Banks, for his continued attentions to the Affociation, and the important objects of their purfuit. "London, Aug. 20, 1806. "SIR, I have the honour to forward to you the outline of a Plan of Medical Reform, with the Refolutions lately entered into at a Meeting of the Faculty in London. As it has been determined from the beginning to avoid, as far as poffible, any interference with the Rights and Pri vileges of the different Public Bodies in the United Kingdom, I trust that the measure in contemplation will meet with general and active fupport. I fhall hope for an answer, when you have had time to confider the subject with the requifite attention. It must be addreffed Dr. Harrifon, Horncaftle," under cover to "George Harrison, Efq. Treafury, London." I have the honour to be, &c. what added much to our grief and me lancholy was, to fee in feveral parts of the nave, the rain pour in in fuch tor rents, as to leave no doubt but the roof must be in a moft deplorable fituation. We afked an occafional attendant, what could poffibly induce a fett of most refpectable gentlemen, who are fuppofed Cathedral in this Kingdom, except to be the richest body belonging to any Durham, to be fo inattentive to repair and maintain the church: he very coolly replied, "They were too fond of their money." Horrid, Mr. Urban, to fee the great temple of God fo neglected; inftead of striking awe into the beholder, to excite pity and commiferation ! SENEX. Mr. URBAN, Eastbourne, Oct. 1. AM highly gratified to hear that Mr. Brydges is about to indulge the world with a fecond volume of his truly valuable work; and as fome ideas have fuggefted themfelves to my mind which may poffibly be of ufe to that that you will pardon the liberty I take learned and careful compiler; I hope in begging that they may be made public by the means of your Magazine. I fincerely lament to find that the pages of our prefent Peerages are almoft wholly filled with the pedigrees of young lords: and it is my earnest with to recall as many as poffible of thofe antient titles, granted to our forefathers for their real worth, from that oblivion to which, through the carelessness of moft editors of Peerage Books, they the custom I obferve with these peohave long fince been configned. It is ple, whenever any difficulty concerning a title is ftarted, directly, for the fake of avoiding trouble, to rank the one in queftion amongit extinct titles; by which means, as Mr. Brydges elegantly expreffes himself, the rights of inheri tance are fupprefled, and the twigs of our antient Nobility are (I may add wholly) defroyed. Now, it is my opinion, Mr. Urban, that when any title is mentioned as being extinct, the editor ought to declare not only the year in which the title became extinct, but in whom, and to whom it would have devolved, had there been iffue male; and even what female was molt nearly aliied to the deceafed Nobleman. This would prevent all uncertainty, as the editors in this cafe, if they were unable to prove what I have fuggefted, would, inftead of claffing the title amongst extinct ones, place it amongst dormant |