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zens, or property, of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people, with whom the United States are at peace.

Sec. 11. And be it further enacted,Thai the collectors of the customs be, and they are hereby, respectively, authorized and required to detain any vessel manifestly built for warlike purposes, and about to depart the United States, of which the cargo shall principally consist of arms and munitions of war, when the number of men shipped on board, or other circumstances, shall render it probable that such vessel is intended to be employed by the owner or owners to cruise or commit hostilities upon the subjects, citizens, or property, of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people, with whom the United States are at peace, until the decision of the President be had thereon, or until the owner or owners shall give such bond and security as is required of the owners of armed ships by the preceding section of this act .

Sec. 12. And be it further enacted, That the act passed on the fifth day of June, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four, entitled, "An act in addition to the act for the punishment of certain crimes against the United States," continued in force, for a limited time, by the act of the second of March, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven, and perpetuated by the act passed on the twenty-fourth of April, one thousand eight hundred, and the act, passed on the fourteenth day of June, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven, entitled " An act to prevent citizens of the United States from privateering against nations in amity with, or against the citizens of, the United States," and the act, passed the third day of March, one thousand eight hundred and seventeen, entitled, "An act more effectually to preserve the neutral relations of the United States," be, and the same are hereby, severally, repealed: Provided, nevertheless, That persons having heretofore offended against any of the acts aforesaid, may be prosecuted, convicted, and punished as if the same were not repealed; and no forfeiture heretofore incurred by a violation of any of the acts aforesaid shall be affected by such repeal.

Sec. 13. And be it further enacted, That nothing in the foregoing act shall be construed to prevent the prosecution or punishment of treason, or any piracy defined by the laws of the United States.

Approved, April 20, 1818.

Statute I. April 20, 1818.

Act of March 25,1816,ch.35.

The act .continued until 3d March, 1819.

Chap. XC. — An Act to continue in force an act entitled "An act relating to settlers on lands of the United States."

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That an act, entitled, " An act relating to settlers on the lands of the United States," passed the twenty-fifth of March, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen, be, and the same is hereby, continued in force for one year from and after the third day of March last.

Approved, April 20, 1818.

Statute I. April 20, 1818.

Act of March,

2, 1807, ch. 22. Act of March

3, 1819, ch. 77. Act of May

15, 1820, ch. 113. Negroes not

Chap. XCI —An Act in addition to "An act to prohibit the introduction
Cimportation J of slaves into any port or place within the jurisdiction of the
United Slates, from and after the first day of January, in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and eight," and to repeal certain parts of the same.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That from and after the passing of this act, it shall not be lawful to import or bring, in any manner whatsoever, into the United States, or territories thereof, from any foreign kingdom, place, or country, any negro, mulatto, or person of colour, with intent to hold, sell, or dispose of, any such negro, mulatto, or person of colour, as a slave, or to be held to service or labour; and any ship, vessel, or other water craft, employed in any importation as aforesaid, shall be liable to seizure, prosecution, and forfeiture, in any district in which it may be found; one half thereof to the use of the United States, and the other half to the use of him or them who shall prosecute the same to effect.

Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That no citizen or citizens of the United States, or any other person or persons, shall, after the passing of this act, as aforesaid, for himself, themselves, or any other person or persons whatsoever, either as master, factor, or owner, build, fit, equip, load, or otherwise prepare, any ship or vessel, in any port or place within the jurisdiction of the United States, nor cause any such ship or vessel to sail from any port or place whatsoever, within the jurisdiction of the same, for the purpose of procuring any negro, mulatto, or person of colour, from any foreign kingdom, place, or country, to be transported to any port or place whatsoever, to be held, sold, or otherwise disposed of, as slaves, or to be held to service or labour; and if any ship or vessel shall be so built, fitted out, equipped, laden, or otherwise prepared, for the purpose aforesaid, every such ship or vessel, her tackle, apparel, furniture, and lading, shall be forfeited, one moiety to the use of the United States, and the other to the use of the person or persons who shall sue for said forfeiture, and prosecute the same to effect; and such ship or vessel shall be liable to be seized, prosecuted, and condemned, in any court of the United States having competent jurisdiction.

Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That every person or persons so building, fitting out, equipping, loading, or otherwise preparing, or sending away, or causing any of the acts aforesaid to be done, with intent to employ such ship or vessel th such trade or business, after the passing of this act, contrary to the true intent and meaning thereof, or who shall, in any wise, be aiding or abetting therein, shall, severally, on conviction thereof, by due course of law, forfeit and pay a sum not exceeding five thousand dollars, nor less than one thousand dollars, one moiety to the use of the United States, and the other to the use of the person or persons who shall sue for such forfeiture and prosecute the same to effect, and shall moreover be imprisoned for a term not exceeding seven years, nor less than three years.

Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That if any citizen or citizens of the United States, or other person or persons resident within the jurisdiction of the same, shall, from and after the passing of this act, take on board, receive, or transport, from any of the coasts or kingdoms of Africa, or from any other foreign kingdom, place, or country, or from sea, any negro, mulatto, or person of colour, not being an inhabitant, nor held to service by the laws of either of the states or territories of the United States, in any ship, vessel, boat, or other water craft, for the purpose of holding, selling, or otherwise disposing of, such person as a slave, or to be held to service or labour, or be aiding or abetting therein, every such person or persons, so offending, shall, on conviction, by due course of law, severally forfeit and pay a sum not exceeding five thousand, nor less than one thousand dollars, one moiety to the use of the United States, and the other to the use of the person or persons who shall sue for such forfeiture and prosecute the same to effect; and, moreover, shall suffer imprisonment, for a term not exceeding seven years nor less than three years; and every ship or vessel,boat, or other water craft, on which such negro, mulatto, or person of colour, shall have been taken on board, received, or transported, as aforesaid, her tackle, apparel, and furniture, and the goods and effects which shall be found on board the same, or shall have been imported therein in the same voyage, shall be forfeited, one moiety to the use of the United States, and the other to the use of

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Slaves imported in violation of this act, to be disposed of as the territorial authorities may prescribe, &c.

Persons bringing in any negro, &e. from a foreign place, &c. or holding, selling, such negro, Sic. when brought in, as a slave, forfeit not more than ten, nor less than one, thousand dolls, and are subject to imprisonment.

Persons holding, buying, or selling, &c. any negro, &c. brought as a slave, in any way, from a foreign place, or from adjoining foreign dominions.

Proviso; the forfeiture not to extend to the seller or purchaser of any negro, &c. under the lawful regulations of a state,&c.

Onus probandi on the defendant.

In failure of proof the defendant to be guilty.

the person or persons who shall sueforand prosecutethe same to effect; and every such ship or vessel shall be liable to be seized, prosecuted,and condemned, in any court of the United States having competent jurisdiction.

Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That neither the importer or importers, nor any person or persons claiming from or under him or them, shall hold any right, interest, or title whatsoever, in or to any negro, mulatto, or person of colour, nor to the service or labour thereof, who may be imported or brought into the United States or the territories thereof in violation of the provisions of this act, but the same shall remain subject to any regulations, not contravening said provisions, which the legislatures of the several states or territories may at any time heretofore have made, or hereafter may make, for disposing of any such negro, mulatto, or person of colour.

Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That if any person or persons whatsoever shall, from and after the passing of this act, bring within the jurisdiction of the United States, in any manner whatsoever, any negro, mulatto, or person of colour, from any foreign kingdom, place, or country, or from sea, or shall hold, sell, or otherwise dispose of, any such negro, mulatto, or person of colour, so brought in, as a slave, or to be held to service or labour, or be in any wise aiding or abetting therein, every person so offending shall, on conviction thereof by due course of law, forfeit and pay, for every such offence, a sum not exceeding ten thousand nor less than one thousand dollars, one moiety to the use of the United States, and the other to the use of the person or persons who shall sue for such forfeiture, and prosecute the same to effect; and, moreover, shall suffer imprisonment, for a term not exceeding seven years nor less than three years.

Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That if any person or persons whatsoever shall hold, purchase, sell, or otherwise dispose of, any negro, mulatto, or person of colour, for a slave or to be held to service or labour, who shall have been imported or brought, in any way, from any foreign kingdom, place, or country, or from the dominions of any foreign state immediately adjoining to the United States, into any port or place within the jurisdiction of the United States, from and after the passing of this act, every person so offending, and every person aiding or abetting therein, shall severally forfeit and pay, for every negro, mulatto, or person of colour, so held, purchased, sold, or disposed of, one thousand dollars, one moiety to the use of the United States, and the other to the use of the person or persons who may sue for such forfeiture, and prosecute the same to effect, and to stand committed until the said forfeiture be paid: Provided, That the aforesaid forfeiture shall not extend to the seller or purchaser of any negro, mulatto, or person of colour, who may be sold or disposed of in virtue of any regulations which have been heretofore, or shall hereafter be, lawfully made by any legislature of any state or territory in pursuance of this act and the constitution of the United States.

Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, That in all prosecutions under this act, the defendant or defendants shall be holden to prove that the negro, mulatto, or person of colour, which he or they shall be charged with having brought into the United States, or with purchasing, holding, selling, or otherwise disposing of, and which, according to the evidence in such case, the said defendant or defendants shall have brought in aforesaid, or otherwise disposed of, was brought into the United States at least five years previous to the commencement of such prosecution, or was not brought in, holden, purchased, or otherwise disposed of, contrary to the provisions of this act; and.in failure thereof, the said defendant or defendants shall be adjudged guilty of the offence of which he or they may stand accused.

Sec. 9. And be it further enacted, That any prosecution, infonna

tion, or action, may be sustained, for any offence under this act, at any time within five years after such offence shall have been committed, any law to the contrary notwithstanding.

Sec. 10. And be it further enacted, That the first six sections of the act to which this is in addition, shall be and the same are hereby repealed: Provided, That all offences committed under the said sections of the act aforesaid, before the passing of this act, shall be prosecuted and punished, and any forfeitures which have been incurred under the same shall be recovered and distributed, as if this act had not been passed.

Approved, April 20, 1818.

Prosecutions may bo sustained within five years.

The first six sections of the act of 2d March, 1807, repealed.

Act of March 2, 1807, ch. 22.

Chap. XCII.— Jin Act to establish and alter certain post roads.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That the post roads hereafter named be discontinued:

In New Hampshire.—From Concord, by Loudon, Gilmanton Middleton, Lewis, Eaton, Conway, and Fryeburg.

In Massachusetts.—From Kingston to Halifax.

From Northampton, by Hadley, to Montague.

In Connecticut.—From Hartford, by Springfield, to Northampton, Mass.

In Virginia.—From Clarksburg, by Lewis Courthouse, to Point Pleasant.

From Clarksburg, by Buchanan, to Beverly.

In Kentucky.—From Glasgow to Lebanon, Tennessee.

In Georgia.—From Madison to Monticello.

From Montgomery Courthouse, by Blackmore's and Hardin's, to Riceborough.

In Pennsylvania.—From Montrose, by Orwell and Warren, to Athens.

From Middleton to York Haven.

In Alabama.—From Fort Stoddert to Ford's, on Pearl river.

In Missouri.—From St. Louis to St. Charles.

In New York.—From Esperanza, by Schoharie Courthouse, to Middleburg.

From Albany, by Spencertown, to Sheffield, Massachusetts.

Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the following be established post roads:

In Maine.—From Augusta, by Belgrade and Dearborn, to Mercer.

From Canaan, by Cornville, Athens, Harmony, Ripley, Dexter, Garland and Corinth, to Bangor.

From North Yarmouth, by Pownal, Durham, Lisbon, and Litchfield, to Gardiner.

From Alfred, by Sanford and Lebanon, to Shapleigh.

From Warren, by Thomaston, to Camden.

From Belfast, by Brooks and Jackson, to Dixmont.

From Norridgewalk, by Stark's and Mercer, to New Sharon. .

From Bath to Phippsburg.

From Anson, in Somerset county, by New Portland, Freeman, Phillips, Avon, and Strong, to Farmington.

In New Hampshire.—From Walpole, by Alstead, to Ackworth.

From Washington, by Newport, to Claremont.

From Concord, by Canterbury, Northfield, Meredith, Moultonborough, Sandwich, Tamworth, on the North road, by Gilman's Mills, Eaton, and Conway, to Fryeburgh.

From Amherst, by Goffstown, West Meeting House, Dunbarton, Hop

Statute I.

April 20, 1818.

Post-roads discontinued.

New Hampshire.

Massachusetts.

Connecticut.
Virginia.

Kentucky.
Georgia.

Pennsylvania.

Alabama.
Missouri.
New York.

Post-roads established.

Maine.

New Hampshire.

Vermont.

Massachusetts.

Connecticut.

New York.

kinton, Concord, Isle Hookset, Piscataquag Bridge, and Bedford, to Amherst.

From Fitzwilliam, by Rindge and Ashby, to Townsend.

From Keene, by Swansea, to Richmond.

From Dunstable, by Merrimack, to Piscataquog Bridge, in Bedford.

In Vermont.—From Burlington, by Craftsbury and Irasburgh, to Brownington.

From Norwich, by Stafford, Chelsea, Washington, Orange, and Barre, to Montpelier.

From Chester, by Springfield and Cheshire Bridge, to Charleston, New Hampshire.

From Bellows Falls, by Grafton, Windham, and Londonderry, to Peru.

From Guildhall, by Maidstone, Brunswick, Minehead, and Lemington,

to Canaan.

From Montpelier, by Waterbury, Waitfield, and Warren, to Hancock.

From Brattleboro', by Newfane, ta Townsend.

In Massachusetts.—From East Bridgewater, by Halifax, Plympton, and Kingston, to Plymouth.

From Boston, by Maiden and South Reading, to Reading.

From Haverhill, by Mathuen, to Windham, New Hampshire.

From South Hadley, by Amherst, West Parish, to Sunderland.

From Springfield, by West Springfield and Southampton, to Northampton.

From Northfield to Warwick.

In Connecticut.—From Hartford, by East Hartford, East Windsor, Enfield, Long Meadow, Springfield, South Hadley, Hadley, Sunderland, Montague, Northfield, Chesterfield, New Hampshire, Westmoreland, Walpole, Charlestown, Claremont, Cornish, Plainfield, and Lebanon, to Hanover.

In New York.—From Hamilton, by Lebanon and Georgetown, to Cooley's Inn, in Otselick, in the county of Chenango.

From Hamilton, by Hartshorn's Tavern, in Lebanon, to Sherburn.

From Utica, by Clinton, Chandler's store, Augusta, and Madison, to Hamilton village.

From Hampton to Utica.

From Vernon to Sconandoa.

From Bloomfield, by Pittsford, to Charlotte.

From Great Barrington, Massa, by West Stockbridge, Canaan, Chatham, and Nassau, to Albany.

From Geneva, by Seneca, Phelps, Farmington, Palmyra, and Perrmton, to Pittsford.

From Batavia to Bergen.

From Batavia to Attica.
'From Essex Courthouse, by Bosworth's Tavern, to Chesterfield.

From Denmark, by Leraysville, to Wilna.

From Naples, by Gorham, to Canandaigua.

From Troy to Schenectady, on the turnpike road.

From Rhinebeck, by North East and Amenia, to Sharon.

From West North East to Attleborough.

From Lisle to Caroline.

From Binghampton, by Lisle, to Homer.

From Lenox, by Clockvill, Peterborough, Morns' Flats, and baton, to

oFromyAlbany, by Bethlehem, Rensellearville, Blenheim, to Maryland or Susquehannah Bridge, on the turnpike road.

From Catskill, by Greenville, Broome, Middleburg, Cobleskill, and Sharon, to Cherry Valley.

From Jericho to Musqueto Cove, in Oyster Bay.

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