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OF THE

STATE OF CALIFORNIA;

IN FOUR CODES:

POLITICAL, CIVIL, CIVIL PROCEDURE AND PENAL.

CIVIL CODE.

STANFOR

SACRAMENTO:

D. W. GELWICKS, STATE PRINTER.

1871.

L 7105

FEB 1 1933

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PREFACE.

This, the CIVIL CODE, must, in the main, speak for itself. There is so much urgent labor to be performed by the Commission before the meeting of the Legislature, that a more elaborate exposition must be left to a future occasion. It contains four grand Divisions. These are divided into Parts, Parts into Titles, Titles into chapters, chapters into articles, and the whole is sectionized consecutively, from the beginning to the end of the Code. Sections have been left in blank at the end of each chapter and article, for future declaration of rules or amendments.

Our Act adopting the Common Law of England (Stats. 1850, 219) is as follows: "The Common Law of England, so far as it is not repugnant to, or inconsistent with, the Constitution of the United States, or the Constitution or laws of the State of California, shall be the rule of decision in all the Courts of this State." The Courts hold that this Act does not mean Common Law of England, but of the United States-" American Common Law;" the Common Law of England, as modified by the respective States. There are as many authoritative modifications as there are States in the Union. Rules upon the same subjects differ much in different States.

When they so differ, or when

they need modifications to suit our conditions, the Court, not the Legislature, establishes the law.

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