From 1865 onwards in addition to the scientific work of the Museum he was developing and managing most successfully the largest copper mine in the world. He did not rest content with the development of the mine as a problem in engineering, but always mindful of the just obligation of capital to labor, he employed experts for the purpose of securing good conditions of living, caused careful measures to be taken for the protection of life and limb in this hazardous occupation, and secured the formation of pension and aid funds for the benefit of disabled and aged employees to which the corporation made liberal contributions. No workman was so far removed from the authorities in control that his complaint passed by unheard. The whole conduct of the mine is one of the bright spots in the much beclouded world of such enterprises and must still be reckoned among the more satisfactory attempts to bring the workman and his employer into harmonious relations with each other.

A pleasing instance of his thoughtfulness with regard to the population of this mining community is related by one of his friends, the physician who took care of him through a fever which might have been acquired during one of his visits to the mines at Calumet. The physician was asked one day whether he suspected that the disease could have been brought from that place. If that were so, there was something to do at once and that was to take such measures that his work people should be protected from a like danger. Upon this suspicion, possibly unfounded, a thorough overhauling of water supplies and systems of sewerage was at once undertaken there while Agassiz was still confined to his house.

He was early called to service upon the governing boards of Harvard College, he was elected a member of the Board of Overseers in 1873, became a member of the Corporation in 1878, resigned his place there in 1884, and was promptly elected to the Overseers in 1885, was again transferred to the Corporation in 1886, and definitely gave up his place there in 1890, when he found it necessary to free himself from some of his many occupations. During all the period of his connection with these boards he was an active, much interested and far sighted helper in all the departments of the University. The Jefferson laboratory owed much to him for the friendly coöperation with which he promoted the intentions and plans of the generous founder. He gave valued aid to the Observatory, to the Botanical Museum, the Mineralogical Cabinet and the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology.

He interested himself in the attempt to secure for women a share

in the medical instruction offered by the University. He took a generous part in many of the subscriptions for the general purposes of the College. He witnessed with interest the development of the collections of the Arnold Arboretum under auspices not unlike those with which he was himself so familiar. The members of his College class have given expression to their warm feelings of friendship for one who never forgot his college associates and had a genuine pleasure in all his meetings with them.

The secretary of the class closes a feeling notice of Agassiz's death with these words of appreciation, "No one of the class will miss him more than the secretary does who never went to him in vain for aid in the many common undertakings which bound the class together." He did not forget his early debt to the public schools of Cambridge and willingly accepted service upon the school committee, and while a member of that body devoted all his special knowledge to the service of the city. This appears to be the only public office, subject to election by the people, which he at any time held.

Agassiz was elected a member of the Academy of Arts and Sciences Nov. 12, 1862, he was then in his twenty-eighth year. It was possibly in remembrance of this early election that he suggested in his last note to President Trowbridge the propriety of bringing in to this association a larger number of the younger scientific men than had hitherto been customary. He presented his first paper the next year and made in all thirteen communications, generally upon special subjects in zoology. A very interesting account of his work at Lake Titicaca is an exception, and has an added claim to our attention from the fact that it was made at a time when the death of his wife had left him disconsolate, but it is also an evidence of how resolutely he turned again to the occupations which he followed to the end.

The series of publications put forth by the Museum of Comparative Zoology received the records of his scientific labors after the date of the last communication made to the Academy. When President Cooke died in the summer of 1894, a feeling soon became manifest that Agassiz was the most fit member for the succession. The VicePresident of that year was Augustus Lowell and he was the prompt and enthusiastic leader in the preliminaries usual to an election. Agassiz as might have been expected was very reluctant to allow the use of his name and probably would not have done so, but for the insistence of Mr. Lowell, whose influence was all the greater from the fact that he was one of the earliest friends acquired by Agassiz when he landed a stranger among people speaking an unknown tongue.

He received a unanimous vote in one of the largest meetings ever held by the Academy; he faithfully performed all the duties of the office interrupted only by the winter vacations which his illness of 1869 made necessary for him. In this place it is a satisfaction to remember that no one of his many and great distinctions gave him a greater pleasure than did this. It was a most unexpected revelation to him of the hold he had upon the respect and good will of his fellows.

It is not possible to escape from some comparison of the two great men of science who have borne this name, and there can be nothing unbecoming in the attempt to make it.

The son was the pupil of the father and different as the two men seemed to be, the son was ever conscious of the debt he owed to his father.

Louis Agassiz came to this country with a great and well deserved reputation fairly earned among the world's great men.

He did more than anyone to encourage the study of the natural sciences here. Endowed with every social attraction - persuasive, a leader and fond of his leadership, great in acquirement, quick in apprehension, rich in imagination, fertile in illustration, a teacher beyond compare. He found listeners in the market place as well as in the halls of the Colleges and of the Legislatures. He laid in magnificent hope the foundation of an establishment so extensive that he had no just right to expect that either he or his son could see its completion. Alexander Agassiz, patient seeker after truth, skilful organizer of scientific methods, unwearied in researches, prudent, self-denying, pursuing his great ends to a successful issue with silent determination, not eloquent and always reluctant to attempt persuasion by spoken words, he leaves behind him, in the opinion of many competent judges, a more permanent and more important mass of completed work in the study of the natural sciences than fell to his father's lot. He, moreover, by his own exertion completed the structure which his father could only have seen in some prophetic vision.

It is not easy to speak of the personal qualities of Alexander Agassiz. Men expected to find in him the counterpart of his father, and in such intercourse as they may have had with him they met with disappointment. They regarded him as one holding himself somewhat aloof from his fellows, not much interested in their doings and slightly affected by their misfortunes. This conception of his character showed little acquaintance with the real man; beneath the quiet and reserved, certainly not austere demeanor, there lay a nature quick

in feeling, sympathetic and tender, not given to verbal expression, but capable of great generosity not in money only, but in the things that money never buys.

They knew him in the serious work of life, wise, fearless and of an indomitable energy, quick and fiery in temper, but harboring no sullen enmities. Many a victim of some sudden expression of a vigorous disapproval had found to his surprise in some future and unmerited trouble no warmer friend or if occasion required more strenuous advocate than Alexander Agassiz.

His emotions were never under his complete control and he steadily avoided the public occasions that might lead to their manifestation. They were always, however, the emotions of a sensitive, generous and strong nature.

His actions often seemed hasty if not premature, but this was in appearance merely, for his whole life long he thought for himself and by himself, and when action came it was true that few, if any, had knowledge of the long and patient thinking that led up to the result.

His intimate friends were comparatively few in number, but to those who had earned his confidence, he showed no reserve, and had a simple charm which made intercourse with him the delight of a lifetime.

The unworthy things in life, or such that seemed so to him, moved him to quick and impetuous judgments and expressions, but if cooler thought led him to believe that he had made a mistake, it was quite certain that any wrong that might have been done would be fully repaired.

His wealth, whatever it may have become, had little effect upon a life simple and free from display. The man who was known all over the world in the assemblies of the great men of science walked unrecognized through the streets of Cambridge, and he would not have had it otherwise. He was modest, somewhat diffident and shy, but he was by no means unconscious of his powers and the recognition of them by his peers was a source of legitimate satisfaction to him. He was courageous, independent and quite ready to fight if need be, for the losing cause. He was not a willing critic of the work of other men, unless it dealt directly with subjects to which he had himself given much attention. He was ever ready to recognize with unselfish praise the results of any honest and thorough investigation. All the resources of the Museum were at the disposal of him who could effectively make use of them.

He suffered without complaint any criticism of his own opinions, but was sure to be roused to instant wrath at any suggestion that he had incorrectly reported observations or experiments. His declaration of scientific faith was his father's adage, that a physical fact was as sacred as a moral principle.

One instance of his fine generosity may well be noted here. Some years since it was announced that a notice of his father was about to be published. Mrs. L. Agassiz and he had reason to believe that the work was not in friendly hands. The printer's proofs of the paper came into Agassiz's possession, together with the intimation that any change he might wish to make would receive serious consideration. He requested a trusted friend to read over the proofs and mark such passages as might appear to him unfitting. The friends met to compare notes, they agreed in substance with the exception of one passage that seemed to the friend mischievous if not malevolent. Agassiz said at once, "As to the spirit in which this statement is made I quite agree with you, but it is a scientific question, and any scientific man has the right to criticise my father's scientific views." The passage remained.

The lessons of the narrow circumstances of his youth and early manhood never left him. He could be apparently reckless in discarding machinery and tools which had served their purposes or were inferior to newer inventions, but it was always with the object of getting a larger return or a better product. For himself he never sought luxuries, but lived without ostentation in the dignified manner that became his station. He cast aside all the lessons of thrift, however, when he turned to the human agencies in his employment. He never discharged an employee who had been long in his service and who was still capable of doing enough work to appear to be doing something.

One of Agassiz's most remarkable characteristics was the systematic and accurate disposal of his time, he might be making a journey to the Maldives or it might be to the barrier reef of Australia. The date of his return was fixed, and punctual to the day he made his appearance at the Museum, and quietly resumed his accustomed occupations there. He made such thorough preparations for these trips, and provided so carefully for any possible mishaps, that the usual uncertainties of ocean voyages for him at least ceased to exist. Many men take measures against the larger accidents, and forget the trifles. Agassiz kept the great emergencies in mind but never neglected the small things of life.