of that body for two years; in 1894 was elected chairman of the state democratic executive committee, and conducted the state campaign between the democrats and populists that year; was re-elected to the same position in 1896, and still occupies the place; was elected to the United States senate as a democrat, to succeed John B. Gordon, in October, 1896, and took his seat March 4, 1897. His term of service will expire March 3, 1903.

HENRY HEITFELD.

Mr. Heitfeld, senator from Idaho, was born in St. Louis in January, 1859. He attended the public schools of St. Louis until 1870, when, with his mother, he moved to Seneca, Kas., learning the trade of a stone

mason.

In 1882 Mr. Heitfeld moved into the northwest, locating at Pomeroy, Wash., where he remained one year. While there he took up two claims in the Big Bend country, one a homestead and the other a timber culture. While holding the land he worked in the shops of the Northern Pacific railroad at Sprague, continuing that employment until the fall of 1883, when he became a resident of Idaho.

He settled in Nez Perce county, a short distance from the Washington line, his postoffice being Uniontown, Wash. There he has since been engaged as a farmer, fruit grower and cattleman. He has 640 acres of land and has been conspicuously successful in his operations.

In politics Mr. Heitfeld was a democrat until he joined the populists. He is a member of the Farmers' alliance and it was through his connection with that organization that he was influenced to ally himself with the populist party. It was on the day of Cleveland's nomination in 1892 that he renounced his democracy and entered the ranks of the new party. He was active in politics, but never held any office until he was chosen in 1894 to represent Nez Perce and Latah counties in the state senate.

WILLIAM E. MASON.

re

William E. Mason of Chicago, senator from Illinois, was born in Franklinville, Cattaraugus County, N. Y., July 7, 1850; moved with his parents to Bentonsport, Iowa, in 1858; attended school at the Bentonsport academy and Birmingham college; taught school from 1866 to 1870, the last two years at Des Moines, Iowa; entered the law office of the Hon. Thomas F. Winthrow and was admitted to practice law in Des Moines; went to Chicago in 1872 and has practiced law there ever since; was elected to the general assembly in 1879, to the state senate In 1881; was elected to the Lth congress and defeated for the LIst in the landslide of 1892; was elected to the United States senate Jan. 29, 1897, by a strict party vote, receiving 125 votes against 78 votes for John P. Altgeld,

democrat. He took his seat March 4, 1897. His term of service will expire March 3, 1903.

C. W. FAIRBANKS.

Charles Warren Fairbanks of Indianapolis, senator from Indiana, was born May 11, 1852, near Unionville Center, Union county, O.; was educated in the district schools of the neighborhood and at the Ohio Wesleyan

university, Delaware, O., graduating from that institution in 1872 in the classical course; is an attorney at law; has never held any civil or military office; was a delegate-at-large to the republican national convention at St. Louis in 1896, and was temporary chairman of the convention; was elected to the United States senate as a republican, Jan. 20, 1897, by a majority of 21 on joint ballot, over Daniel W. Voorhees and Leroy Templeton, and took his seat March 4, 1897. His term of service will expire March 3, 1903.

WILLIAM A. HARRIS.

William A. Harris of Linwood, Leavenworth county, Kas., who has succeeded Peffer as senator from that state, was born in Loudon county, Virginia, Oct. 29, 1841. He spent the early years of his life in Luray, Va., where he attended school. In 1859 he was graduated from Columbian college, Washington, D. C., and in 1861 from the Virginia Military institute. Mr. Harris served in the confederate army as assistant adjutant-general of Wilcox's brigade and ordnance officer of D. H. Hill's and Rodes' division, army of northern Virginia. He removed to Kansas in 1865 and was employed as civil engineer in the construction of the Kansas division of the Union Pacific railroad. In 1868 he accepted the agency for the sale of the Delaware reservation and other lands, at the same time embarking in farming and stockraising, in which he is still engaged. In 1892 he was nominated for congressman-atlarge by the populist state convention and indorsed by the democrats. In the election that followed he received 163,634 votes, against 156,761 for his opponent.

WILLIAM J. DEBOE.

Mr. Deboe, senator from Kentucky, was born in Crittenden county forty-seven years ago, was raised on a farm and educated in the common schools of his county, supplemented by two years in Ewing college in Illinois. His parents were born in Virginia and came to Kentucky early in this century. His grandfather on his father's side served for seven years in the revolutionary war. His father, Abram Deboe, was a minister of the baptist church. After leaving the farm young Deboe first taught school and afterward studied medicine and was graduated at the University medical college, Louisville. He practiced medicine for a number of years and then took up the law, which he has practiced successfully for nine years. He has always been an ardent and active republican, and few men in the state have done more than he for his party. In 1888 he was a delegate to the Chicago convention. In 1892 he made the race for congress in his district as and the republican nominee, greatly reduced the democratic majority. He has been a member of the state central

committee since 1890, and in 1896 was a delegate from the state at large to the St. Louis convention which nominated McKinley and Hobart, and was chairman of the Kentucky delegation to that convention. In 1893 he was elected to the state senate from a democratic district and has served his people during the last three terms ably and faithfully. As a political organizer and leader of men he is second to none in the state, as evidenced by the management of his own campaign and as member of the executive committee of the state in 1896 during the

Thomas Collier Platt, senator from New York, of Owego, was born in Owego, N. Y., July 15, 1833; was prepared for college at the Owego academy; was a member of the class of 1853 of Yale college, but was compelled to give up the course in that institution on account of ill health; received the honorary degree of M. A. from that college in 1876; entered mercantile life soon after leaving school, and has been in active business since; was president of the Tioga national bank at its organization; became

largely interested in the lumbering business in Michigan; was county clerk of the county of Tioga in 1859, 1860 and 1861; was elected to the XLIIId and XLIVth congresses; was elected United States senator Jan. 18, 1881, and resigned that office May 16 of the same year; was chosen secretary and director of the United States Express company in 1879, and in 1880 was elected president of the company; was member and president of the board of quarantine commissioners of New York from 1880 till 1888; was delegate to the national republican conventions of 1876, 1880, 1884, 1888, 1892 and 1896; was president of the Southern Central railroad; has been a member of the national republican committee; was elected United States senator in 1896 and took his seat March 4, 1897. His term of service will expire March 3, 1903.

HENRY W. CORBETT.

Mr. Corbett, senator from Oregon, was born in Westborough, Mass., on Feb. 18, 1827. He was the youngest son in a family of eight children. His early boyhood was spent in Washington county, New York, where he attended the common schools. Later he attended Cambridge academy, taking the regular academy course. He then held a clerkship in Salem, the county seat, for one year, when at 17 years of age he went to New York city and was employed in the dry-goods business until 1851. His employers intrusted him with a stock of goods which was shipped around Cape Horn to Portland, in 1850, the agreement being that he should devote three years in Oregon to merchandising, then return and divide the proceeds. He sailed from New York on Jan. 20, 1851, via the isthmus, and arrived in Portland on March 5, where he found about 400 inhabitants. So well did he succeed in his venture that his entire stock of goods was disposed of in fourteen months, when he returned to New York with $20,000 net profits for division. After remaining one year in New York he returned to Oregon.

He was a delegate to the Chicago convention in 1860. but was unable to reach there in time, so Horace Greeley represented the state. He attended Lincoln's inauguration in 1861 and was a delegate to the republican convention that nominated Grant and Colfax, in 1868. In 1866 he was elected United States senator to succeed the Hon. J. W: Nesmith, and became prominently identified with the financial discussions of the time. During and after the war the gold standard was maintained on the Pacific coast. and Mr. Corbett invented the idea of nationa! gold banks. The First national bank of Portland was organized in 1865, and in 1868

he, with Henry Failing, obtained control of the stock, and it has ever since been the strongest national bank in the Pacific northwest. He assisted in the organization of the board of trade and was its president for many years. He is president of the Boys and Girls' Aid society and of the Hotel Portland. He is a director of the Oregon Railway & Navigation company, was the first in the senate to advocate the building of the Northern Pacific railroad, is an active worker in benevolent matters. has liberally endowed various Oregon institutions, and is interested in everything that tends to improve the condition of the community.

M. A. HANNA.

Marcus Alonzo Hanna of Cleveland, senator from Ohio, was born in New Lisbon (now Lisbon), Columbiana county, O., Sept. 24, 1837; removed with his father's family to Cleveland in 1852; was educated in the common schools of that city and the Western Reserve college, Hudson, O.; was engaged as an employe in the wholesale grocery house of Hanna, Garretson & Co., his father being senior member of the firm; his father died in 1862 and he represented his interest in the firm until 1867, when the business was closed up; then became a member of the firm of Rhodes & Co., engaged in the iron and coal business; at the expiration of ten years the title of this firm was changed to M. A. Hanna & Co., which still exists; has been identified with the lake carrying business, being interested in vessels on the lakes and in the construction of such vessels; is a director in the Globe Ship Manufacturing company of Cleveland; is president of the Union national bank of Cleveland; president of the Cleveland City Railway company; president of the Chapin Mining company, Lake Superior; was government director of the Union Pacific Railway company in 1885, by appointment of President Cleveland; was a delegate to the national republican conventions of 1884, 1888 and 1896; was elected chairman of the national republican committee in 1896 and still holds that position; was appointed to the United States senate as a republican by Gov. Bushnell March 5, 1897, to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of the Hon. John Sherman, who resigned to accept the position of secretary of state in President McKinley's cabinet; took his seat March 5, 1897. His term of service will expire in January, 1898, or when the legislature of his state elects his suc

cessor.

BOIES PENROSE.

Poies Penrose of Philadelphia, senator from Pennsylvania, was born in Philadelphia Nov. 1, 1860; was prepared for college by private tutors and in the schools of Philadelphia; was graduated from Harvard college in 1881; read law with Wayne MacVeagh and George Tucker Bispham and was admitted to the bar in 1883; practiced his profession in partnership with S. Davis Page and Edward P. Allinson under the firm name of Page, Allinson & Penrose; was elected to the Pennsylvania house of representatives from the 8th Philadelphia district in 1884; in connection with Edward P. Allinson, wrote, at the request of Johns Hopkins university, for the university studies in historical and political science, a history of the city government of Philadelphia; elected to the Pennsylvania state senate

was

Joseph Rawlins of Salt Lake City, senator from Utah, was born in Salt Lake county, Utah, March 28, 1850; lived on a farm until 18 years of age; completed a classical course in the University of Indiana, but, having gone to Utah, did not return for graduation; was professor in the University of Deseret in Salt Lake City, Utah, for two years, until 1875; was admitted to the bar in that year and followed the profession of the law until his election as delegate in 1892; in politics has always been a democrat; was elected to the LIIId congress as delegate on the democratic ticket, and was defeated for the LIVth congress by the Hon. Frank J. Cannon and was elected to the United States senate as a democrat in 1897; took his seat March 4, 1897. His term of service will expire March 3, 1903.

GEORGE TURNER.

George Turner of Spokane, senator from Washington, was born in Edina, Mo., Feb. 25, 1850; was educated in the common schools; is a lawyer; was United States marshal for the southern and middle districts of Alabama from 1876 till 1880; was associate justice of the Supreme court for the territory of Washington from July 4, 1884, till Feb. 15, 1886; was a member of the constitutional convention which framed the constitution for the state of Washington; was elected to the United States senate as a representative of the people's party, composed of a fusion of silver republicans, democrats and populists; he took his seat March 4, 1897. His term of service will expire March 3, 1903.

JOHN C. SPOONER.

John C. Spooner of Madison, senator from Wisconsin, was born at Lawrenceburg, Dearborn county, Ind., Jan. 6, 1843; removed with his father's family to Wisconsin and settled at Madison June 1, 1859; was graduated at the State university in 1864; was private in company D, 40th regiment, and captain of company A, 50th regiment, Wisconsin infantry volunteers; was brevetted major at the close of service; was private and military secretary of Gov. Lucius Fairchild of Wisconsin; was admitted to the bar in 1867 and served as assistant attorney-general of the state until 1870, when he removed to Hudson, where he practiced law from 1870 until 1884; was member of the assembly from St. Croix county in 1872; member of the board of regents of the Wisconsin unfversity; was elected United States senator as a republican, to succeed Angus Cameron, republican, for the term begininng March 4, 1885; was chairman of the Wisconsin delegation to the national republican convention in 1888; was succeeded as United States senator March 4, 1891, by William F. Vilas, democrat, receiving, however, the full vote of the republican members of the legislature for re-election; was chairman of the Wisconsin delegation to the national republican convention at Minneapolis in 1892; was unanimously nominated as republican candidate for governor of Wisconsin in 1892, but was

defeated; removed from Hudson to Madison in 1893; has been actively engaged in the practice of law since April, 1893; unanimously nominated in republican caucus Jan. 13, 1897, and duly elected Jan. 27, 1897, United States senator for the term beginning March 4, 1897, to succeed William F. Vilas, democrat, receiving 117 votes, against eight votes for W. C. Silverthorn and two votes for Edward S. Bragg. His term of service will expire March 3, 1903.

JOHN R. YOUNG.

John Russell Young, librarian of the new congressional library, was born on a farm near Downington, Pa., in 1841. His parents went to Philadelphia when he was a child, and his early education was received in a grammar school there and was supplemented in the high school at New Orleans, where for some years he was an inmate of his uncle's house. When 16 years old he was employed as a copyholder in a Philadelphia proof-room, and soon became a reporter and an editorial writer. He served as secretary to John W. Forney while the latter was secretary of the United States senate, and at the same time as a war correspondent. In 1872 he became managing editor of the Philadelphia Press. In 1865 he went to New York in the employ of Jay Cooke & Co. to use his pen in advertising the government loan. While there he contributed to the New York Tribune, of which in 1866 he became managing editor. He resigned that position in January, 1869. He started a daily newspaper in New York, the Standard, a few months later, but it was not a success. Afterward he became an editorial writer for the Herald and one of its foreign correspondents. He accompanied Gen. Grant around the world and wrote a book on the subject. President Arthur appointed him minister to China, a position which he resigned in 1885. Later he became one of the vice-presidents of the Reading railroad.

JOHN P. S. GOBIN.

Brevet Brig.-Gen. John P. S. Gobin, commander of the G. A. R., is a resident of Lebanon, Pa.; entered the war as captain and at the close of hostilities came out with the rank of brigadier-general. Gen. Gobin was born at Sunbury, Pa., on Jan. 26, 1838. and is about 59 years old. He attended the public schools of Sunbury and was admitted to the bar just before the breaking out of the war. In 1861 he enlisted in the 11th Pennsylvania for three months' service, and at the expiration of his enlistment went with his company, which was merged into the 47th Pennsylvania infantry. He was soon in command of that regiment and fought with the 19th army corps in the Red river campaign and with Sheridan in the Shenandoah valley. During this campaign his meritorious actions brought him the rank he now holds. After the surrender of Lee he was made provost judge of South Carolina and remained in that office during the reconstruction days. He has been prominent in Grand Army circles and organized post No. 42 of the department of Pennsylvania in 1867, at Lebanon, Pa., where he settled after his term of service as provost judge in South Carolina. He was prominent in politics of Pennsylvania and for sixteen years has been a state senator, and for several terms presiding officer of the Pennsylvania upper house. He is a prominent Mason and has commanded the 3d brigade of the Grand Army.

From Haydn's "Dictionary of Dates" the following interesting list of duels of the past is taken:

1712--Between the duke of Hamilton and Lord Mohun, fought Nov. 15. (This duel was fought with small swords, in Hyde park. Lord Mohun was killed upon the spot, and the duke expired of his wounds while being carried to his coach.) 1728-Capt. Peppard and Mr. Hayes; latter killed.

1748-Messrs. Hamilton and Morgan; former killed.

1763 S. Martin wounded Mr. Wilkes, M. P., Nov. 16.

1765-Lord Byron killed Mr. Chaworth, Jan. 26. 1773-Lord Townsend wounded Lord Bellamont, Feb 1.

1778-Comte d'Artois wounded by Duc de Bourbon, at Paris, March 21. 1779-Mr. Donovan and Captain Hanson; the latter killed, Nov. 13.

1779-Charles James Fox wounded by Mr. Adams, Nov. 30. 1780-Col. Fullerton

wounded Lord Shel

burne, March 22. 1782-The Rev. Mr. Allen killed Lloyd Dulany, June 18.

1783-Col. Thomas killed by Col. Gordon, Sept. 4.

1786-Lord Macartney wounded by Maj.-Gen. Stuart, June 8.

1787-Mr. McKeon killed George N. Reynolds; executed Feb. 16, 1788. 1788-Mr. Purefoy killed Col. Roper, December. 1789-Duke of York and Col. Lennox, afterward duke of Richmond (for an significant cause), May 26. 1790-Sir George Ramesay and Capt. Macrea; Sir George killed.

in

1790-Mr. Curran and Maj. Hobart, April 1. 1790 Mr. Macduff and Mr. Prince; latter killed, June 4.

1790-Mr. Harvey Aston and Lieut. Fitzger

ald; the former badly wounded, June 25. 1790-Mr. Anderson killed Mr. Stevens, Sept. 20.

1791 Mr. Julius killed Mr. Graham, July 19. 1792-Mr. John Kemble and Mr. Aiken; no fatality, March 1.

1792 M. de Chauvigny wounded Mr. Lameth, Nov. 8.

1796-Wm. Pitt and George Tierney, May 27. 1796-Lord Valentia wounded by Mr. Gawler, June 28.

1796-Mr.Carpenter killed by Mr. Pride, Aug.20. 1800-Henry Grattan wounded Isaac Corry, Jan. 15.

1801-Lieut. Willis killed Maj. Impey, Aug.26. 1802-George Ogle and Bernard Coyle; no fatality.

1802 Sir Richard Musgrave and Mr. Todd

Jones; Sir Richard wounded, June 8. 1803-Capt. MacNamara killed Col. Montgomery, April 6.

1804--Gen. Hamilton and Col. Aaron Burr (in America); the general killed. 1804 Capt. Best wounded Lord Camelford, March 6 (died 10th).

1806 Surgeon Fisher killed Lieut. Torrens, March 22.

1806-Baron Hompesch wounded Mr. Richardson, Sept. 21.

1807-Sir Francis Burdett and Mr. Paul; both wounded, May 5.

1807--Mr. Alcock killed Mr. Colclough, and lost his reason, June 8. 1808-M. de Granpre and M. le Pique, in balloons. near Paris, and the latter killed, May 3.

1808-Maj. Campbell and Capt. Boyd; latter killed (former hanged Oct. 2, 1808), June 23. 1809-Lord Paget and Capt. Cadogan; neither wounded, May 30.

1809-Lord Castlereagh wounded George Canning, Sept. 21.

1810-Mr. Clarke killed George Payne, Sept.6. 1811-Ensign de Balton killed Capt. Boardman, March 4.

1812-Lieut. Stewart killed Lieut. Bagnal, Oct. 7.

1813-Mr. Edward Maguire killed Lieut. Blundell, July 9.

1814-Capt. Stackpole (of frigate Statira) and Lieut. Cecil; the captain killed (arose on account of words spoken four years previously), April. 1815-Mr. D. O'Connell killed Mr. D'Esterre,

Jan. 31.

1815-Col. Quintin and Col. Palmer, Feb. 7. 1816-Maj. Green and Mr. Price (in Amer

ica); the latter killed, greatly lamented. 1817-Lieut. Conroy killed Lieut. Hindes, March 8.

1817-Maj. Lockyer killed Mr. John Sutton, Dec. 10.

1818-Mr. O'Callaghan killed Lieut. Bayley, Jan. 12.

1820-Mr. Grattan and the earl of Clare, June 7.

1820-Mr. Henshaw and Mr. Hartinger; both desperately wounded, Sept. 18.

1821-Mr. Christie killed Mr. Scott, Feb. 16. 1821-M. Manuel and Mr. Beaumont, April 9. 1822-Mr. James Stuart killed Sir Alexander Boswell, March 26.

1822-The duke of Buckingham and the duke of Bedford; no fatality, May 2. 1823-Gen. Pepe wounded Gen. Carascosa, Feb. 28.

1824-Mr. Westal killed Capt. Gourlay. 1826-Mr. Beaumont and Mr. Lambton; result, July 1.

no

1826-Mr. Hayes killed Mr. Bric, Dec. 26. 1827-The Rev. Mr. Hodson wounded Mr. Grady, August.

1829-Duke of Wellington and the earl of Winchelsea; no injury, March 21. 1829-Capt. Helsham killed Lieut. Crowther, April 1.

1830-Mr. W. Lambrecht killed Mr. O. Clayton, Jan. 8.

1830-Capt. Smith killed Mr.O'Grady, March 18. 1833-Mr.Storey wounded Mr. Matthias, Jan.22. 1833-Sir John W.Jeffcott and Dr. Hennis; the

latter wounded May 10 (died on the 18th). 1835-Lord Alvanley and Mr. Morgan O'Connell; two shots each, May 4. 1835-Sir Colquhoun Grant and Lord Seymour; no fatality, May 29.

1835-Mr. Roebuck, M. P., and Mr. Black, editor of the Morning Chronicle; two shots each, Nov. 19.

1836-Capt. Dickson wounded Gen. Evans, April 8.

1836-Mr. Ruthven and Mr. Scott; and Mr. Ruthven and Mr. Close (Mr. Scott's second); the latter wounded, May 23. 1836-Emile de Girardin killed Armand Carrel (both journalists), July 24. 1840--The earl of Cardigan and Capt. Tuckett; two shots each; the latter wounded (the earl was tried in the house of lords and acquitted, Feb. 16, 1841), Sept.12. 1842-Capt. Boldero and the Hon. Craven Berkeley; no fatality, July 15. 1843-Lieut. Monroe killed Col. Fawcett, July 1 (died 3d).

1845-Lieut. Hawkey killed Lieut. Seton, May 20