Southern Turkmenistan in the Neolithic: A Petrographic Case Study

abundant organics optical analysis Anau 1A archaeological assemblages Bami Berdiev buffware abundant organics buffware moderate organics calcite and quartz Caspian Central ceramic forms chaff Chagylly Chakmakli Chopan clay coarse buffware abundant coarse redware abundant colour consist contained created Dam Dam dating decoration differentiation Djebel early evidence excavated existence fabric feldspar Figure firing floor fragments further geological grey groups horizon initial interpreted Iran Jeitun Culture Keltiminar Kohl late layers levels limestone lines Markov Masson material medium buffware moderate medium orangeware medium redware moderate mica moderate organics optical Mondjukli motifs Neolithic northern occasional occupational Okladnikov organics binocular original pellets period Pessedjik phase possible pottery present production quartz redware abundant organics redware moderate organics region representative river samples sand similar southern Soviet stone structures suggests surface temper thin Togolok Turkmenia Turkmenistan types variation vessel ware western zone