WHIG ALMANAC, AND POLITICIANS' REGISTER, FOR 1844. CONTENTS: Calculations for the year 1844. Notes, Cycles, Equinoxes, &c.; Movable Feasts, Ecipses, &c. Calculations for the several latitudes of Boston, New-York, Baltimore and Charleston, Moon's Executive, Judiciary, and Senate... House of Representatives.. History of the Tariff. The Tariffs of 1816, 4, '28, '32 and '42, compared.. The Whig Tariff of 1842.... The whole Law verbatim as it passed Congress, Mr. Clay's Retirement from the U. S. Senate A National Bank.. Page .2 .3 to 148 15 16 17-18 19-20 21 to 29 -29 30 to 34 History of the several National Banks and attempts to establish such in this country; with extracts -35 to 482 The grounds of its Expediency and Necessity succinctly, fully and forcibly set forth by Hon. C. ipso, of Massachusetts. Mr. Van Buren on the Tariff. .48 Mr. Clay on the Public Lands-Extracts from his Speech.....49 to 52 Anecdotes of Politics and Politicians-Original.. POLITICIANS' REGISTER-(17 pages) -53-54 ..55 to 71 Returns of Elections in all the States for President in 1840, and the new Congressional Elections Times of holding Elections in the several States, State and Pres'l..72 Presidential Electors in each State in 1840-1844.. _ib. -ib. Governors and Chief Justices of the several States, (with their salaries).. Debts (aggregate) of the several States. GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES. (December 1st, 1843.) EXECUTIVE--President and Cabinet: JOHN TYLER, of Virginia, President... ABEL P. UPSHUR, of Virginia, Secretary of State... JOHN C. SPENCER, of New-York, Secretary of the Treasury.. ¿CHARLES A. WICKLIFFE, of Kentucky, Postmaster-General.... [There is now no Vice-President; John Tyler was elected to that office, but succeeded to the Presidency on the death of Gen. HARRISON, April 4th, 1841, just thirty days after the Inauguration of the latter. In case of the death or removal of Mr. Tyler, the Presidency next devolves on the President of the Senate, which station is now held by Hon. WILLIE P. MANGUM of North Carolina.] JUDICIARY--Supreme Court. ROGER B. TANEY, of Maryland, Chief Justice. Salary $5,000. JOSEPH STORY, of Mass., Members. Assocate Justice. JAMES M. WAYNE, of Georgia, Associate Justice. [Salary of Associate Justices $4,500.] Major-General of the Army-WINFIELD Scott, of New-Jersey. XXVIIIth CONGRESS. Assembled December 4, 1843: Expires March 3d, 1845. SENATE. Hon. WILLIE P. MANGUM, of North Carolina, President. MAINE. Term expires.[ Members. Term expires.{ Members. DELAWARE. .1847 Richard H. Bayard.. .1845 WILLIAM C. RIVES.. NORTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. ALABAMA. 1845 William R. King... .1849 Arthur P. Bagby. MISSISSIPPI. .1845 John Henderson.. TENNESSEE. KENTUCKY. 66 Term expires. 1845 .1847 1847 1849 OHIO. Benjamin Tappan. .1845 William Allen. 1845 .1849 .1847 INDIANA. .1845 .9849 1849 ILLINOIS. James Semple.. 1847 Sidney Breese.. 1847 .1849 .1849 MISSOURI. .1847 Thomas H. Benton... 1845 .1849 ARKANSAS. .1847 1849 MICHIGAN. 1845 1847 .87 83 1 Augustus S. Porter. .1845 William Woodbridge. 1847 Whigs, in Italics.. .1847 Locos, in Roman.. .1849 Doubtful, BIVES... There is one vacancy to be filled, in Maryland, where a Whig is certain to be choren. Messrs. Semple, of Illinois, and Atcheson, of Missouri, hold temporarily by appointment from the Governors of those States, but will be elected by the Legislatures of these States, or succeeded by Senators of like politie, HISTORY OF THE TARIFF. THE great and vitally important principle erton of N. H. moved to amend by substiof so adjusting our Duties on Imports as to tuting the Committee of Ways and Meansfavor and protect our Home Industry from a meaning thereby, as was fully avowed in the ruinous Foreign competition is asserted in debate upon his motion, that the revision of the first Tariff ever passed by the first Con- Duties should be made with exclusive refergress that assembled under our Federal Con-ence to the raising of Revenue, and that the stitution, in the preamble to which Act it is Protection of our Industrial Interests should expressly affirmed that such imposition of not be considered at all! This proposition, duties is necessary, to pay the debts, pro-after a long and able discussion, was sus{vide a revenue, &c. " and for the protection tained by seventy-one Loco-Focos and twentyand encouragement of Domestic Manufac-four Southern whigs, but overruled by the tures." The necessity of such Protection is votes of ninety Whigs and fourteen Locoaffirmed and urged in the Messages of Presi- Focos-all but three of the latter being from dents GEO. WASHINGTON, THOMAS JEFFER- Pennsylvania. Had the two great parties, SON, JAMES MADISON, JAMES MONROE, JOHN been nearly equal in numbers, the amend, Q. ADAMS, ANDREW JACKSON, and mea- ment would have prevailed, and the Protec-; surably by the first of John Tyler. Old tion of Home Labor been formally stricken John Adams and Martin Van Buren are the from the duties of the Government. only exceptions to the uniformity with which The subject was then referred to the Comthis doctrine has been urged; but Mr. Van mittee on Manufactures, by whom a bill and Buren is expressly concluded by his vote in able Report were, after mature deliberation, the Senate for the Tariff of 1828-the highest presented; as was another by the Secretary and most Protective Tariff ever levied in this of the Treasury, Hon. WALTER FORWARD Country, though on some points not equally and a third to the Serrate by the Committee and wisely Protective. For this Tariff, Mar- on Manufactures of that body. These three, tin Van Buren, Silas Wright, and the great bills were perfectly accordant in recognizing mass of the Jackson Members from the Free the principle of Protection, and differed but States voted; by them it was shaped, (Mr. slightly in details. The bill of the House Wright being its principal manufacturer) and Committee, slightly modified by the Com by their votes mainly passed. Massachu-mittee of Ways and Means and the subse setts, oppressed in her vital interests by some quent action of the two Houses, passed the of its provisions, voted against it. So in 1816, House by a vote of One Hundred and Sixtcend Mr. John C. Calhoun framed and carried the Yeas to One Hundred and Twelve NaysTariff of that year, expressly affirming the one only of the Yeas (Mr. Parmenter of constitutionality and expediency of Protec- Mass.) being a Loco-Foco, while of the Naye, tion in his able Speech in support of the bill. Ninety-six were of that party, two Tylenzed New-England at this time also gave a de- and Fourteen Southern Whigs. This bill? cided majority of her votes against the mea- passed the Senate by Twenty-five Yeas (all sure. But in 1841-2, when--the necessity of Whigs) to Twenty-three Nays, of whom revision of the Tariff being imminent and Twenty were Loco-Focos and 'Three South admitted on all hands-Mr. FILLMORE in the ern Whigs, including Mr. Rives of Virginia. House moved the reference of so much of the This bill was vetoed by President Tyler President's Message to the Committee on on the express ground that one of its pro Mannfactures, (a Committee constituted for visions continued in force the Land Distr' the express purpose, and which had always BUTION to the States, which Act, by its before had charge of this subject,) Mr. Ath-terms, was to cease to have any effect when |