Colleges in United States, ii. 198. Colonial system of France, ii. 89. Colonies, effect of the possession of, ii. 73.
Colonization of Algiers by France, ii. 90. Commodities, labour price of tends to fall, i. 152.
Combination of action, tends to increase or to diminish with the increase or diminution of wealth, iii. 97. Combinations, England and United States, ii. 31. France, ii. 45. Comparative consumption of cotton, France, England, and United States, ii. 156.
cost of public works, France and United States, ii. 179.
extent of canals and rail-roads, France and England, ii. 176.
production of India, France, Eng- land, and United States, ii. 280.
salaries of United States and France, ii. 395.
view of provision for religious in- struction in England and the United States, ii. 205.
wages of manufacturing labour England and United States, ii. 148. Comparison of cost and value of existing landed capital, i. 102.
Conscripts of France, diminutive stature of, ii. 210.
Conservative tendency of the institutions of the United States and Switzerland, iii. 218.
Consumption of foreign merchandise, Great Britain and the United States, ii. 170.
France, ii. 169. India, ii. 165. Corn, labour price of, low in England and the United States, and high in Poland and other countries, i. 179.
banks of Norway, ii. 250. Corvée and conscription of France, com- parative effects of, ii. 45. Cotton, consumption of, France, ii. 145. in France, England, and the Uni- ted States, ii. 156.
Crimes against the person, England, ii. 25. United States, ii. 27. France, ii.
property, England, ii. 57. United States, ii. 58. France, ii. 79. Critical dissertation on value, reviewed, i. 269.
Cultivation, extension of, how it influ- ences the wages of labour, i. 49-and the profits of capital, i. 73.
-in England, backward state of, ii. 138, note. Currency, free-trade tends to establish secure and economical, ii. 256.
of France, England, and the Uni- ted States, comparative view of, ii. 259.
Deaths in France, iii. 13. The Nether- lands, iii. 14. England, iii. 16. The United States, iii. 19. Decoits of India, ii. 52. Democracy, what constitutes, iii. 117.
in America, review of, iii. 231. Denmark, influence of wealth on the po-
litical condition of, iii. 160.
Depots de Mendicité, France, ii. 208. Diminution in the landlord's proportion of the product of labour, with every increase in the quantity produced, i. 37. An evidence of increased produc- tive power, i. 75, 87. Influence of, upon the political condition of man, iii. 102.
Direct taxes of India, ii. 95. Distribution of private revenue, India, ii. 399. France, ibid. England, ii. 401. The United States, ii. 403.
of public revenue, India, ii. 384. France, ii. 386. England, ii. 390. The United States, ii. 393.
of the products of labour, i. 19. How affected by improvement or deterioration of the machinery of pro- duction, i. 25.
between the capitalist and the la bourer, India, ii. 286. France, ii. 293. England, ii. 297. United States, ii. 308.
between the government, capital- ist and labourer, India, ii. 348. France, ii. 355. England, ii. 365. United States, ii. 378.
in France, before the revolution, iii. 153.
influence of, upon the political condition of man, iii. 102.
Education in India, ii. 183. France, ii. 186. England, ii. 191. Liverpool, ii. 192. Bolton, ibid. Manchester, ii. 193. United States, ii. 194. Massachu- setts, ibid. New York, ii. 195. Pennsylvania, ii. 196. Ohio, ibid. Effect of the extension of cultivation upon wages, i. 49.
-, upon profits, i. 73.
taxation upon wages and profits, ii. 323.
high rate of wages, of England and the United States, ii. 381.
war of 1793, upon wages and pro- fits of Great Britain, ii. 323. Efficiency of labour, France, the Nether- lands, England, the United States, iii. 45.
Elementary proposition, i. 1. Emigration, tends to increase with in- crease of capital, iii. 9.
its effect upon the growth of po- pulation, iii. 10.
from England, iii. 16.
France, Netherlands, England, and the United States, compared, iii. 43. from Germany, how discouraged, iii. 64, note.
England, wages of, from 1495 to 1832, i. 56. Compulsory labour in, i. 61. Executions in, under Henry VIII., i. 62. Low rate of profit in, i. 91, note. Removal of restrictions would increase production and increase the rate of profit, i. 262. No reduction of wages in, since the war, i. 255. Security of person in, ii. 22. Crimes against the person in, ii. 25. Freedom of action in, ii. 34. Freedom of thought in, ii. 36. Freedom of opinion, . 38. Com- binations in, ii. 31. Security of pro- perty in, ii. 57. Excise laws in, ii. 65. Restrictions upon exchanges in, ii. 65. Colonies of, ii. 73. Excise du- ties in, ii. 76. Police of, ii. 108. State of agriculture in, ii. 137. Opposition to improvement of agricultural ma- chinery, ii. 138. Interference of tithe with the extension of tillage in, ii. 139. Wages of agricultural labour in, ii. 139. Power-looms in, ii. 148. Condi- tion of hand-loom weavers in, ii. 148.
Number of persons employed in cotton manufacture in, ii. 151. Woollen manufacture in, ii. 156. Iron manu- facture in, ii. 158. Navigation of, ii. 160. Cod-fishery of, ii. 163. Whaling trade of, ii. 164. Roads and canals in, ii. 176. Facilities of correspondence in, ii. 180. Education in, ii. 191. Habit of industry in, ii. 218. Poor taxes of, ii. 219. Effect of poor-laws in, ii. 221. Bastardy in, ii. 223. Pro- vision for religious instruction in, ii. 201. Church rates of, ibid. Defi- ciency of churches in, ibid. Credit in, ii. 239. Savings' banks and friendly societies in, ibid. Bankruptcies in, ii. 240. Losses of the joint-stock banks of, ibid. Private banks of, ibid. Losses of bank of England, ii. 241. Associations for insurance, and for the formation of companies with transferable stock, prohibited, ii. 249. Large profits of joint-stock banks, ii. 252. Deposites in bank of, ibid. Currency of, ii. 259. Condition of hand-loom weavers of, ii. 276. Supc- riority of labourers to those of the con- tinent, ii. 275. Relics of serfdom in, ii. 277. Production of, ii. 280. Dis- tribution of population, ii. 297. In- come of population, ii. 305. Rental of, ii. 306. Revenue system of, ii. 364. Taxes on capital in, ii. 367. Tithes in, ii. 370. Taxes on commodities, ii. 369. Distribution of public revenue of, ii. 390. Distribution of private re- venue of, ii. 401. Distribution of the product of labour between capitalist and labourer, ii. 297. Distribution between government, capitalist, and la- bourer, ii. 365. Movement of the po- pulation, iii. 14. Deaths in, iii. 16. Births in, ibid. Marriages in, ibid. Emigration from, iii. 19. Duration of life in, iii. 20, 25. Rate of in- surance upon lives in, iii. 32. Ratio of marriages to population, iii. 36. Fecundity of marriages, iii. 40. Bas- tardy in, iii. 41. Chastity in, ibid. Emigration from, iii. 43. Efficiency of labour of, iii. 45. Influence of wealth on the political condition of, iii. 172. Excise laws of England, effect of, ii. 65.
F. Facilities of correspondence, India, France, England, the United States, ii. 180.
Fecundity of marriages, France, Eug- land, the United States, iii. 40. Feudal system in France, iii. 141.
notice of, by Guizot and Hallam, ib. Fortescue's account of France in the 15th century, ii. 77.
France, wages of, in 1444, i. 61. Inse. curity of person in, ii. 42. Corvée and conscription in, ii. 44. Crimes against the person in, ii. 48. Freedom of thought in, ii. 48. Freedom of action in, ibid. Combinations in, ii. 45. Bank of, its operations, ii. 236. Insc- curity of property in, ii. 77. Fortes- cue's account of, in the 15th century, ibid. Losses of, from 1803 to 1815, ii. 78. Crimes against property in, ii. 79. Persecution of inventors of ma chines in, ibid. Insurrection at Ly- ons in, ibid. Incendiary fires in, ii. 80. Government monopolies in, ibid. Restrictions upon agricultural opera- tions in, ibid. Regulations for ga- thering grapes in, ii. 81. Regulations for manufacturers, ibid. Printers and butchers in, regulated in number, ii. 83. Regulations for working mines in, ibid. Regulations for the account books to be kept by merchants in, ibid. Smuggling in, ii. 84. Corn-laws of, ibid. Octroi, ibid. Colonies of, ii. 85. Restrictions on trade of, ibid. Rags not permitted to be exported from, ii. 84. Wine a luxury in parts of, ii. 85. Reasons for restrictions upon the trade of, ii. 86. Heavy burthens of silk manufacturers of, ii. 87. Bounties on Bugar exported from, ii. 88. Bounties on whaling vessels, ibid. Colonial sys. tem of, ii. 89. Repairs of roads and bridges in, ii. 90. Depots of stallions in, ibid. Public expenditure of, ii. 122. Wretched state of agriculture in, ii. 130, 136. Metairie supposed to prevail over one-half of, ii. 130. Numerous proprietors of, ii. 132. Vineyards of, increase in, ii. 134. Silk produced in, increase of, ibid. Inferiority of silk of, ii. 135. Right of vaine pature in, ii. 136. Laborde's account of agricul. ture of, ibid. Wages of agricultural labour in, ii. 137. State of manufac tures in, ii. 143. Wages of manufac turing labour in, ii. 144. Cotton con- sumed in, ii. 145. Manufacture of iron in, ii. 146. Small amount of capi. tal employed in manufactures of, ii. 147. Navigation of, ii. 160. Fishe-
ries of, ii. 163. Whaling trade of, ii. 164. Imports and exports of, ii. 165. Roads and canals of, ii. 173. Want of facili- ties for transportation in, ii. 175. Fa- cilities of correspondence in, ii. 180. Education in, ii. 186. Religious in- struction in, ii. 199. Public libraries of, ii. 198. Deficiency of churches, ii. 200. Habit of industry in, ii. 208. Institution of Bureaux des Pauvres, ibid. Hospitals-general, ibid. Trans- portation of beggars to the colonies, ibid. Depots de Mendicité in, ibid. Hospitals of Paris, ii. 209. Number of inmates of, ibid. Diminutive stature of conscripts of, ii. 210. Pauperism in, ii. 212. Suicides in, ii. 217. In- cendiary fires in, ii. 216. Credit in, ii.' 236. Amount of precious metals in, ibid. Few banks in, ibid. Discounts of bank of, ibid. High rate of interest in, ii. 237. Want of mutual confi- dence in, ii. 238. Bankruptcies of, ii. 239. Savings' bank of, ii. 237. Want of confidence in, ii. 238. Currency of, ii. 259. Quantity of labour in, ii. 274. Indolence of labourers in, ibid. Pro- duction of, ii. 282. Average income of the people of, ii. 296. Revenue sys- tem of, ii. 355. Personal taxes of, ii. 356. Taxes on capital in, ii. 357. Taxes on consumption in, ii. 358. Mo- nopolies in, ii. 360. Distribution of proceeds of labour between labourer and capitalist, ii. 293. Distribution, government, labourer and capitalist, ii. 363. Distribution of public revenue, ii. 386. Distribution of private reve- nue, ii. 399. Movement of population in, iii. 13. Deaths in, ibid. Marri- ages and births in, ibid. Duration of life in, iii. 20, 25. Ratio of marriages to population in, iii. 35. Fecundity of marriages in, iii. 40. Bastardy in, iii. 41. Chastity in, ibid. Emigration from, iii. 43. Efficiency of labour in, iii. 45. Influence of wealth on the politi- cal condition of, iii. 149. Feudal system in, iii. 141. States-general of, iii. 151. Freedom of action, England and the United States, ii. 33. France, ii. 46.
of thought, England and the Uni- ted States, ii. 36. France, ii. 46. Friendly Societies, in England, ii. 239.
Germany, influence of wealth on tho po- litical condition of, iii. 166.
Great Britain, value of real estate in, i.
103. Coal trade of, ii. 74. Duties on importation into, ii. 76. Taxes of, ii. 117. Expenditure of, ii. 118. Imports and exports of, ii. 167. Production of, ii. 283. Revenue of, ii. 323. Effect of the late war upon, ibid. Comparative wages of, from 1793 to 1816, ii. 325. Great democratic principle, iii. 117. Greece, influence of wealth upon the po- litical condition of, iii. 109. Greg on Population, review of, iii. 83. Guanaxuato, population of, iii. 49.
Habit of industry, England, ii. 218. In- dia, ii. 208. France, ibid. United States, 227.
High profits of new settlements only ap parent, i. 98.
Hindostan, influence of wealth upon the political condition of, iii. 209. Holland, influence of wealth on the poli- tical condition of, iii. 169. Holland Land Company, expenditures of, i. 109.
Hospitals of France, ii. 209.
Immigration, its effect upon the growth of population, iii. 8. Extent of, into the United States, iii. 18. Imports and Exports, Great Britain and Ireland, ii. 167. United States, il. 168, 169. France, ii. 165. India, ibid. Sweden, ii. 441.
Incendiary fires in France, ii. 80. Increase in the labourer's proportion, a necessary consequence of increase in the ratio of capital to population, i. 73. Ascribed by Mr. Malthus to a neces- sity for supplying his physical wants, i. 182.
Increase of rents a consequence of in- creased production, and attended with improvement in the condition of the labourer, i. 251.
India, insecurity of person and property in, ii. 49. Deserted villages of, ii. 53. Famine of 1770 in, ii. 93. Zemindary, Ryotwar, and Mouzawar settlements in, ibid. Permanent settlement in, ii. 94. Veesabuddy and other direct taxes in, ii. 95. Taxes in Malabar, ii. 97. Oppression of Zemindars in, ii. 98. An- nihilation of village proprietors in, ii. VOL. III.-34
100. Abandonment of land from ina- bility to pay taxes, ii. 101. Indirect taxes in, ibid. Monopoly of salt in, ii. 102. Monopoly of opium in, ii. 104. Taxes increased with every improve. ment of cultivation in, ii. 105. Public expenditure of, ii. 124. Quality of la- bour in, ii. 126. Agricultural imple- ments of, ibid. Capital never ap- plied to improvement of land subject to taxes in, ii. 127. Absence of capital in, ibid. No division of labour in the agriculture or manufactures of, ibid. Every improvement attended with in- creased taxation in, ii. 128. The la- bourer in, never paid in money except when grain is high, ii. 129. State of manufactures in, ii. 142. Wages in, ibid. Imports and exports of, ii. 165. Roads in, ii. 171. Facilities of corres- pondence in, ii 180. Education in, ii. 183. Habit of industry in, ii. 208. State of credit in, ii. 236. Severity of labour in, ii. 273. Production of, ii. 280. Dis- tribution of wealth in, ii. 286. Wages and profits in, ii. 289. Rate of interest in, ii. 290. Distribution of wealth, be- tween government, capital, and labour in, ii. 348. Effect of permanent settle. ment in, ii. 350. Land tax in, ii. 353, Indirect taxes in, ii. 354. Revenue system of, ii. 348. Distribution of pub- lic revenue of, ii. 384. Distribution of private revenue of, ii. 399. Influence of wealth on the political condition of, iii. 209.
Influence of wealth on the political con- dition of man, iii. 95. Of Greece, iii, 111. Rome, iii. 118. Italy, iii. 126. Spain, iii. 130. France, iii. 140. Den- mark, iii. 160. Norway, iii. 163. Ger- many, iii. 166. Poland, iii. 167. Hol land, iii. 169. England, iii. 172. Scot- land, iii. 181. The United States, iii. 182. Asia, iii. 209.
Insecurity of person in France, ii. 42. Inspections of the United States, effect of, ii. 67.
Insurance, marine, rate of in England, France, and the United States, ii. 162. Insurrection at Lyons, ii. 79. Interest, how influenced by extension of cultivation, i. 76.
Interest in France, high rate of, ii. 237. Invasion of Italy by Frederick Barba- rossa, iii. 127. Ireland, wages in, i. 58. Insecurity in, ii. 414. Gradual improvement of, ii.
415. Increase of manufactures in, ii. | 416. Increase of transportation, ibid. Wages of, ii. 417. Savings' banks of, ii. 421. Paupers in, ibid. Absentecism of, considered, ii. 428. Emigration from, iii. 44.
Iron manufacture in France, England, and the United States, ii. 158. Italy, Spanish administration of, iii. 137. Influence of wealth on the political condition of, iii. 126. Jacquard, persecution of, ii. 79. Jones, Rev. R., review of his doctrines, i. 281.
Land, of value in, i. 27. Effect of im- proved machinery in diminishing the labour value of, i. 28. Views of Mr. M'Culloch, Mr. Senior, and others, in regard to value in, i. 20. Mode in which the various qualities are successively brought into cultivation, i. 29, 35. Law of population, iii. 3.
Licinian laws, inefficacy of the, iii. 121. Life, duration of, France, Netherlands,
and England, iii. 20. In the United States, iii. 22, 25.
Limitation of liability, commonly asso- ciated with monopoly, ii. 250. Liverpool, state of education in, ii. 192. Lombard history, prosperous period of,
London, rental of, i. 119. Police of, ii. 109.
Losses of France, from 1803 to 1815, ii. 78.
Lyons, divided into four collection dis- tricts, with different rates of duty, ii. 85.
M. M'Culloch, Mr., his definition of political science, i. viii. His theory of the cause of value, i. 20. Review of his doctrine of rent, i. 227—and of population, iii. 64. Malthus on the cause of value in land, i. 20. Review of his doctrine of rent, i. 158-and of population, iii. 53. Man desires to maintain and to improve his condition, i. 1.
Manchester, state of education in, ii. 192.
Navigation of France, England, and United States, ii. 160.
Netherlands, movement of population in the, iii. 14. Marriages, births, and deaths in, ibid. Duration of life in, iii. 20. Ratio of marriages to popula tion in, iii. 36. Fecundity of marriages in, iii. 40. Illegitimate births in, iii. 41. Chastity in, ibid. Efficiency of labour in, iii. 45. Early prosperity of, ii. 437. Heavy taxes of, ii. 438. New South Wales, early settlements in, i. 49. Value of labour in, i. 53. Cost of living in, i. 54.
New York, value of real estate in, i. 106.
Police of, ii. 109. Education in, ii. 195. Banks of, ii. 242.
Norway, corn banks of, ii. 250. General security of person and property in, ii. 443. Restrictions upon trade in, ii. 444. Small amount of taxes in, ii. 445. Growth of capital in, ibid. Wages in, ii. 448. Bastardy in, ii. 449. Rapid growth of population under the new constitution, iii. 50. Influence of wealth on the political condition of, iii. 163.
Octroi, the, or tax on consumption, in France, ii. 84.
Ohio, value of real estate in, i. 105. Edu- cation in, ii. 196.
Opium, monopoly of, in India, ii. 104.
P. Pauperism of France, ii. 212. Of Eng- land, ii. 219.
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