or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. Sec. 3. New states may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new state shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state; Creation of New nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, or part of states, without the consent of the legislatures of the states concerned as well as of the Congress. The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular state. Sec. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every state in this Union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of Guarantee of Repub- them against invasion, and on application of the Legislature, lican Government. or of the executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened), against domestic violence. Action by Congress Ratification. ARTICLE V. Amendments to Constitution. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which in either case shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the legislatures of threefourths of the several states, or by convention in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; provided that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and that no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. ARTICLE VI. Supreme Authority of Constitution. All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adoption of this Constitution shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitu Debts and Treaties- Religious Test. tion as under the confederation. This Constitution and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made. under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the members of the several state legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers, both of the United States and of the several states, shall be bound by oath or affirmation to support this Constitution; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States. ARTICLE VII. Ratification of Constitution, The ratification of the convention of nine states shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution between the states So ratifying the same. Nine States Suf ficient to Establish. Done in convention by the unanimous consent of the states present, the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the independence of the United States of America the twelfth. In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names. GEO. WASHINGTON, President and Deputy from Virginia. New Hampshire-JOHN LANGDON, NICHOLAS GILMAN. Massachusetts-NATHANIEL GORHAM, RUFUS KING. Connecticut-WM. SAML. JOHNSON, ROGER SHERMAN. New York-ALEXANDER HAMILTON. DAYTON. New Jersey-WILL. LIVINGSTON, DAVID BREARLY, WM. PATERSON, JONA. Maryland-JAMES M'HENRY, DAN, OF ST. THOMAS JENIFER, DANL. CARROLL. PINCKNEY. PIERCE BUTLER. Georgia-WILLIAM FEW, ABR. BALDWIN. Attest: WILLIAM JACKSON, Secretary. AMENDMENTS. (The first ten amendments were proposed at the first session of the 1st Congress of the United States, which was begun and held at the city of New York on March 4, 1789, and were adopted by the requisite number of states-1 vol. Laws of U. S., p. 72. They together constitute a Bill of Rights.) The following is the preamble and resolution: Congress of the United States begun and held at the city of New York on Wednesday, the 4th day of March, 1789. The conventions of a number of the states having at the time of their adopting the Constitution expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added; and as extending the ground of public confidence in the government will best insure the beneficent ends of its Constitution. Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two-thirds of both houses concurring, That the following articles be proposed to the legislatures of the several states as amendments to the Constitution of the United States, all or any of which articles, when ratified by three-fourths of said legislatures, to be valid to all intents and purposes as part of said Constitution, namely: ARTICLE I.-Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances. ARTICLE II.-A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. ARTICLE III.-No soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. ARTICLE IV.-The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated. and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation. and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. ARTICLE V.-No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces or in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger, nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself; nor be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation. ARTICLE VI.-In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him: to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defence. ARTICLE VII.-In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed $20, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States than according to the rules of the common law. ARTICLE VIII.-Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. ARTICLE IX.-The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. ARTICLE X.-The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. ARTICLE XI.-(Proposed by Congress held at Philadelphia, December 2, 1793; ratification declared by President, January 8, 1798.) The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign state. ARTICLE XII.-(Proposed at first session of 8th Congress, in Washington. October 17, 1803; ratification announced by Secretary of State, September 25, 1804.) The electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by Election of Presi- ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom at least dent and shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; Vice-President. they shall name in their ballots the persons voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the persons voted for as VicePresident, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted; the person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three, on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the vote shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall de volve upon them. before the fourth day of March next following, then the VicePresident shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as VicePresident shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States. Amendments Following Civil War. subject to their jurisdiction ARTICLE XIII.-(Proposed by Congress February 1, 1865; ratification announced by Secretary of State; December 16, 1865.) Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place Sec. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. ARTICLE XIV. (Proposed by Congress June 16, 1866; ratification announced by Secretary of State, July 25, 1868.) Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of the United States, and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or imnunities of citizens of the United States, nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty or property without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Sec. 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several states according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the executive and judicial officers of a state, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being twentyone years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such state. Sec. 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President or Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United states, or under any state, who, having previously taken an oath as member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state Legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any state, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof; but Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability. (Note.-On June 7, 1898, President McKinley approved of an act of Congress which declared that "the disabilities imposed by Section 3, Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution, heretofore incurred, are hereby removed.") Sec. 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing the insurrection or rebellion shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. Sec. 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. ARTICLE XV.-(Proposed by Congress February 27, 1869; ratification announced by Secretary of State, March 30, 1870.) Section 1. The right of the citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude. Sec. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. THE PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION LAW. The Presidential succession is fixed by Chapter 1 of the acts of the 49th Congress, first session. In case of the removal, death, resignation or inability of both the President and Vice-President, then the Secretary of State shall act as President until the disability of the President or Vice-President is removed or a President is elected. If there be no Secretary of State, then the Secretary of the Treasury will act, and the remainder of the order of succession is as follows: The Secretary of War, Attorney General, Postmaster General, Secretary of the Navy and Secretary of the Interior. The Acting President must, upon taking office, convene Congress, if not at the time in session, in extraordinary session, giving twenty days' notice. This act applies only to such Cabinet officers as shall have been appointed by the advice and consent of the Senate, and are eligible under the Constitution to the Presidency. The act of Congress raising the Department of Agriculture to the rank of an executive department and giving its head a seat in the President's Cabinet and the act creating the Department of Commerce and Labor were both passed subsequently to the Presidential succession act. By intention or inadvertence Congress did not extend the provisions of the succession act to these two additional Cabinet officers. There is no warrant for considering the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Commerce and Labor as in the line of succession. But no judicial interpretation has yet been made of the provisions of the succession law and of the acts creating the eighth and ninth executive departments. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. THE EXECUTIVE. WILLIAM H. TAFT, of Ohio JAMES S. SHERMAN, of New York PRESIDENT. SECRETARY OF STATE. ....PHILANDER C. KNOX, of Pennsylvania SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY...........FRANKLIN MACVEAGH, of Illinois SECRETARY OF WAR.. ATTORNEY GENERAL.. POSTMASTER GENERAL. SECRETARY OF THE NAVY. .JACOB M. DICKINSON, of Tennessee .GEORGE W. WICKERSHAM, of New York .FRANK H. HITCHCOCK, of Massachusetts .GEORGE VON L. MEYER, of Massachusetts SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR. ..RICHARD A. BALLINGER, of Washington SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE. JAMES WILSON, of Iowa SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.... .CHARLES NAGEL, of Missouri [The salary of the President is $75,000 a year; the salary of the Vice-President and of each of the members of the Cabinet is $12,000 a year, except the salary of the Secretary of State, which, until March 4, 1911, is $8,000 a year; the Secretary to the President receives $6,000 a year.] DEPARTMENT OF STATE. SECRETARY OF STATE... PHILANDER C. KNOX (1909), Penn., $8,000 Solicitor-James Brown Scott (1906), Cal., $5,000. Assistant Solicitors-William C. Dennis (1906), Ind.; Joshua R. Clark, jr. (1907), Utah; C. F. Wilson (1909), D. C., $3,000. Chief Clerk-William McNeir (1909), Mich., $3,000. Chief of Diplomatic Bureau-Sidney Y. Smith (1897). D. C., $2.250. Chief of Consular Bureau-Herbert C. Hengstler (1907), Ohio, $2.250. Chief of Bureau of Indexes and Archives -John R. Buck (1906), Mo.. $2,100. Chief of Bureau of Accounts-Thomas Morrison (1900). N. Y., $2.300. Chief of Bureau of Rolls and LibraryJohn A. Tonner (1909), Ohio, $2,100. Chief of Bureau of Trade RelationsJohn B. Osborne (1905), Penn., $2,100. TREASURY DEPARTMENT. SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY....FRANKLIN MACVEAGH (1909), Ill., $12,000 CHARLES D. HILLES (1909), N. Y., $5,000 ...JAMES F. CURTIS (1909), Mass., $5,000 .CHARLES DYER NORTON (1909), Ill., $5,000 Chief Clerk-Walter W. Ludlow (1905), Minn., $3,000. Chief of Division of AppointmentsCharles Lyman (1898), Conn., $2,750. Controller-Robert J. Tracewell (1897), Ind., $5,500. Assistant Controller - Leander Mitchell (1897), Ind., $4.500. P. Auditor for State Department-Caleb R. Layton (1906). Del., $4,000. Auditor for Treasury Department-Willlam E. Andrews (1897), Neb., $4,000. Auditor for War Department-Benj. F. Harper (1905), Ind., $5,000. Auditor for Postoffice DepartmentMerritt O. Chance (1908), Ill., $4,000. Auditor for Navv Denartment-Ralph W. Tvler (1907). Ohio, $4.000. Auditor for Interior Department-Howard C. Shober (1909), S. Dak.. $4,000. Treasurer of United States-Lee McClung (1909), Tenn., $8,000. Assistant Treasurer-Gideon C. Bantz (1908), Md., $3,600. Deputy Assistant Treasurer-W. Howard Gibson (1908), D. C., $3,200. Register of the Treasury-W. T. Vernon (1906), Karsas, $4,000. Controller of the Currency-Lawrence O. Murray (1908), Ill., $5,000. Deputy Controller of the CurrencyWillis J. Fowler (1908), Ind., $3,000. Commissioner of Internal RevenueRoyal E. Cabell (1909), Va., $6,000. Deputy Commissioners of Internal Revenue-Robert Williams, jr. (1899), La., $4,000; J. C. Wheeler (1900), Mich., $3,600. Director of the Mint-A. Piatt Andrew (1909), Mass., $4,500. Chief of Secret Service Division-John E. Wilkle (1897). Ill., $4,000.. Assistant Chief of Secret Service Division-W. H. Moran (1907), D. C., $3,000. Surgeon General of the Public Health and Marine Hospital Service-Walter Wyman (1891), Mo., $5,000. Supervising Architect-James K. Taylor (1897), Penn., $5,000. Director Bureau of Engraving and Printing-Joseph E. Ralph (1908), Ill., $5,000. De Vries (1900), Cal., president: H. M. Somerville (1890), Ala.; T. S. Sharretts General Superintendent of Lifesaving (1890), Md.; Israel F. Fischer (1900), N. Service-S. I. Kimball (1878), Me., $4,500. Y.; Byron S. Waite (1902), Mich.; Eugene Assistant General Superintendent-Oliver G. Hay (1903), Minn.; Charles P. McM. Maxam (1905), D. C., $2,500. Clelland (1903), N. Y.; Roy H. Chamber Board of General Appraisers-Marion lain (1908), Iowa; each $9,000. WAR DEPARTMENT. SECRETARY OF WAR... The Adjutant General. .JACOB M. DICKINSON (1909), Tenn., $12,000 ....ROBERT SHAW OLIVER (1903), N. Y., $5,000 .JOHN C. SCOFIELD (1899), Ga., $4,000 DEPARTMENTAL OFFICERS. sioners. Cornelius Cadle. Ala.; James H. Ashcraft, Ky. Basil Duke, Ky.; compensation. $250 a month. Gettysburg National Military Park- Shiloh National Military Park-CommisCommissioners John P. Nicholson, Penn.; Lunsford L. Lomax, Va.; C. A. Richardson. N. Y.: compensation, $10 a day. Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park-Commissioners, Ezra A. Carman, D. C.; Col. John Tweedale (retired), U. S. A.; Joseph B. Cumming, Ga.; compensation, $300 a month. Vicksburg National Military ParkCommissioners, William T. Rigby, Iowa; Louis Guion, La.; James G. Everest, Ill.; compensation, $300 a month. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. ATTORNEY GENERAL... Assistant Attorneys General-John G. Thompson (1897). Ill.; Charles W. Russell (1905), W. Va.; Wm. Wallace Brown (1907), Penn.; James A. Fowler (1908), Tenn.; John Q. Thompson (1907). Kan.; William R. Harr (1909), D. C.; $5,000. Assistant Attorney General, Interior Department - Oscar Lawler (1909), Cal., $5,000. Assistant Attorney General, Postoffice Department-Russel P. Goodwin (1904), Ill., $5,000. .LLOYD W. BOWERS (1909), Ill., $7,500 Solicitor, Department of Commerce and Labor-Chas. Earle (1906), D. C., $5,000. Solicitor of the Treasury-Maurice D. O'Connell (1897), Iowa, $5,000. Assistant Solicitor of the TreasuryFelix A. Reeve (1897), Tenn., $3,000. Solicitor of Internal Revenue-Fletcher Maddox (1908), Mont., $5,000. Chief Clerk-Orin J. Field (1903), Kan., $3.000. Law Clerk and Examiner of TitlesR. T. Strickland (1907), N. Y., $2,700. POSTOFFICE DEPARTMENT. POSTMASTER GENERAL..... .FRANK H. HITCHCOCK (1909), Mass., $12,000 Chief Clerk-Richard P. Covert (1909), Wis.. $3,000. Superintendent of Foreign Mails-Basil Miles (1908), Penn.. $3,000. Superintendent of Money Order System -Edward F. Kimball (1903), Mass., $3,500. Superintendent of System of Postal Finance Harry H. Thompson (1906), $2.250. Superintendent of Registry SystemC. Howard Buckler (1906), D. C., $2,500. Superintendent Rural Delivery ServiceW. R. Spilman (1903). Kan., $3.000. General Superintendent of Railway Mail Service-Alex. Grant (1907), Mich., $4,000. PETER V. DE GRAW (1905), Penn., $5,000 Superintendent of Dead Letter OfficeJames R. Young (1905), Penn., $2.500. Superintendent of Railway Adjustment -Joseph Stewart (1907), Mo., $3,000. Supt. Division of Classification-Harwood M. Bacon (1903), Mich., $2,750. Superintendent City Delivery ServiceErvin H. Thorpe (1903), Vt., $3,000. General Supt. Salaries and Allowances -C. M. Waters (1903). Col., $4,000. Chief Postoffice Inspector-William J. Vickery (1904), D. C., $4,000. |