An examination of the foregoing tables calls attention to the following facts:

In the year 1810, the population of the State was 2,428,921. In 1845, it was 2,601,495-and in 1850 it was 3,098,818, showing an increase of ten years at 27.7-100 per cent.

The area of the State comprises 46,085 square miles, or 29,494,400 acres. Of this area, 19,119,088 acres were visited and reported by the Marshals, under the requirements of the acts for taking the late census-thus leaving 10,375,312 acres, or about one-third of the State without examination or report. Another feature of the surface of the State is, the increase of improved acres, within five years; they amount to 671,692 acres-leaving 6,710,720 unimproved. This increase may be attributed to the construction of railroads, plank roads and other means of communication with markets, hitherto unapproachable.

Butter has increased in quantity,..
Cheese,

do

do

264,361 pounds. 12,991,437 do

and the hay crop has been enlarged to the extent of 25,796 tons.

Thus far the census report intends to present facts. The value of farms, of stock, and implements, being estimates, and necessarily uncertain data, they afford but little information interesting to the farmer. The absence of information as to the quantities of grass seed, of hops, flax seed, maple sugar, and molasses; also of honey and bees wax, at periods anterior to 1850, prevents any comparison with the recent census.

It cannot be fairly questioned that the information obtained and diffused by the several acts authorising the general census of the Union, has saved many millions of dollars to the nation. Neither can it be doubted that this information has directed agricultural labor into more profitable channels than was before practiced; yet, until a more perfect system of agricultural statistics shall have been digested and matured, presenting to the farmer a full, reliable, and plain array of facts, he can only approach the results of

labor, the supply of products, and the power to fulfil the demand for such products. The rapid increase of knowledge among the farmers of this nation, seems to demand this more perfect system for the collection of facts relating to our great national resources, as well as to the elements of our industry and toil. ·

Since the year 1845, a decrease has occurred in the following products, viz:

As affecting the means of sustenance, it will be further noticed

Horses have also decreased in number equal to 58,141, which may be viewed as a loss of labor equal to the force of 348,846 men.

It will be useful to remember that animal and vegetable food has decreased while population has increased, and a larger area of soil has been called into service for production.

Wool has decreased since 1845 to the extent of 3,793,527 lbs., and flax 1,956,485 lbs.

Attention will naturally be drawn to the facts that while the elements of human food and raiment have decreased in quantity, an increase has taken place in grains largely used for distillation and for the production of materials for manufacturing purposes, viz :

You, sir, have labored much and for many years to improve this important branch of our farming interest, and while we are indebted for your untiring zeal in our behalf, regrets will arise that in the continued absence of the desired information, we too often witness much labor lost or wasted in unsuccessful attempts to increase the products of the soil; and labor lost by reason of erroneous or doubtful estimates, leading to wrong calculations in regard to prospective cultivation. Respectfully yours,

J. DELAFIELD.

COUNTY SOCIETIES.

ALLEGANY.

REPORT. JAMES WILSON, PRESIDENT.

The Annual Fair was held at Angelica, Oct. 1st and 2d, and was fully attended. The show of cattle and sheep, taken in regard to numbers and good qualities, was fully equal to that of any previous year. Of swine and poultry the exhibition was quite limited. Carriages were shown highly creditable to our mechanics, and the display of plows, harrows, horse-rakes, and other implements, was first rate. The fruit and vegetable departments were very fairly represented.

The ladies' department of domestic articles was as perfect as could have been expected, evincing much skill and taste. The specimens of butter and cheese were such as should convince every one that Allegany county should and will rank as one of the first dairy counties in the State. The fact that a member of our society obtained the first premium on butter at the last State Fair, is decided proof of the above opinion.

In conclusion, I am gratified in being able to say that the society is in a prosperous condition. As to members, it is on the increase, several having become such from towns from which before we have had few or none. I have no doubt but with judicious or good management it will continue to prosper. This, imperfect as it is, I transmit, and if it tends in the least to promote the great cause of agriculture, the desire of one, at least, is gratified.

The annual election was held on the 2d day of the fair. The following officers were elected: Joel Carr, of Almond, President; Ezra Starr, of Angelica, Secretary; James Lockhart, of Angelica, Treasurer; and eight Vice-Presidents.