PARAGRAPH 225-CATTLE.

The statement referred to is as follows:

Comparison of export price of sugar at Hamburg, and wholesale price of same at New York:

Mr. FORDNEY. The gentleman is filing the records on raw sugar, and I asked about granulated.

Mr. JAMES. I am filing the records on granulated sugar.

Mr. FORDNEY. There is no granulated sugar imported from Germany into the United States or any other country.

Mr. JAMES. I have the statement for both raw and granulated. It was made a part of the report of this Committee on Ways and Means in this Congress.

Mr. FORDNEY. Let us understand one another. Do you claim you are filing figures of the value of granulated sugar imported from Europe into the United States?

Mr. JAMES. I say that I am filing here the export price of granulated sugar in Hamburg and the wholesale price in New York, and the difference between the export price at Hamburg and the wholesale price at New York, which shows that it is 100 per cent greater in New York than it is at Hamburg. That is what I am filing exactly.

Mr. CowAN. If I am to be the witness between these gentlemen, I want to relate what the deceased Senator Taylor said.

Mr. FORDNEY. There is a mistake somewhere.

Mr. CowAN. In a story which he told at Fort Worth, Senator Taylor said there were two men in an argument early in the morning as to whether it was the sun rising or the moon setting. They could not decide the matter, so they called on a bystander and asked him to decide. He said, "Gentlemen, I am a stranger in this community, and I do not want to decide it." That is about the way I am on this controversy. I do not know anything about sugar.

Mr. FORDNEY. I would not dispute the gentleman's candid word; I am not disputing him; I am disputing the figures he has.

Mr. JAMES. I am merely filing the figures taken from a report referred to the committee -made up in the report of the Ways and Means Committee.

PARAGRAPH 225-CATTLE.

BRIEF OF THE AMERICAN NATIONAL LIVE STOCK ASSOCIATION AND THE CATTLE RAISERS' ASSOCIATION OF TEXAS IN OPPOSITION TO PLACING MEATS AND CATTLE ON THE FREE LIST.

[Presented by S. H. Cowan, attorney for the association.]

The time allotted for oral arguments forbids more than a mere reference to the data and compilations herewith filed bearing upon the subject under discussion.

The subject is of vast importance, equally to the agricultural interests as to the live-stock-producing interests, and equally to every industrial interest in that part of the United States engaged largely in live-stock raising and in the production of grain, hay, cotton seed, and other food products for animals.

These associations are not demanding a high tariff. They are not arguing for a tariff to be levied solely for protection. They argue that a revenue duty necessarily carries with it the incident of giving them a preference over imports upon which any duty is levied.

They do not attempt to argue the theories of tariff making, but believe that inasmuch as the Government must levy import duties on a very large part of the imports into this country, and a resultant preference in the markets of this country will thereby flow to these industries, the live-stock raiser and feeder is entitled to share substantially the equality with the other industries of the country, and that it would be a discrimination to place them in open competition with the other countries of the world and would be seriously injurious to the live-stock and agricultural interests in this country.

As expressive of the view of the live-stock raisers of the western half of the United States, I file herewith a certified copy of a resolution adopted by the American National Live Stock Association at Phoenix, Ariz., at its annual convention held there January 14-15, 1913.

"RESOLUTION DEMANDING THE RETENTION OF DUTIES ON LIVE STOCK AND ITS PRODUCTS. "Whereas this association recognizes that it has always been and must continue to be the settled policy of the Government of the United States to raise a very large proportion of the funds necessary for its support from import duties, which will in a large measure affect the production, the consumption, the markets and prices of such imports and similar products of this country, the benefits and burdens of which should be fairly distributed as between the people, communities, and industries of this country; and

"Whereas we believe that it has been plainly manifested by what has been said and done in Congress, and elsewhere, in connection with recent tariff legislation and attempted legislation, that it is the intention of many of our public men to open the door to the free importation of the products of the farm and ranch, including live stock, meats, and other products of live stock, grains and feeds and other food products produced in that part of the United States mainly engaged in such business, thereby shifting the burdens of the tariff system to the agricultural and stock-raising portions of the country, and depriving those industries of such benefits as would accrue were the tariff duties retained on those products. It appears to us that it is the avowed and deliberate intention to take the tariff off of the products of agriculture, including live stock and its products, for the purpose of reducing the price which the producer may receive, to the great injury of our business and for the supposed benefit of others; and

"Whereas live stock and the products of live stock, including wool, hides, meat, and meat food products, and all the products of the farm and ranch, should in justice receive the same measure of benefit or protection as is accorded to the products of other industries of the United States, including manufactures, without regard to whether it is called a protective tariff or a revenue tariff; and

"Whereas we believe it to be to the interest of the people of the United States that the country should be self-supporting in meat production; and

"Whereas the reduction that has taken place in the output of beef animals in this country is largely due to the unremunerative prices that have prevailed for 20 years; and

"Whereas the growing and feeding of live stock affords the best and most economical means of conserving the fertility of the soil; and

"Whereas the production and feeding of live stock would be further threatened and curtailed by a settling back of values to the level that prevailed in the 20 years prior to 1910, and remunerative prices are an essential condition to the continuance of this important industry; and

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"Whereas we believe that the taste of the consuming public of the United States has been educated to a high quality of beef and that such can not be supplied by the products of Spanish America; and

"Whereas the prosperity of the great corn-producing and alfalfa-growing States is absolutely dependent on the conversion of their products into meat: Therefore be it "Resolved, By the American National Live Stock Association, in convention assembled at Phoenix, Ariz., January 14 and 15, 1913:

"1. That we demand the retention of sufficient duties on imports of live stock and its products and all farm products of this country as will be equal, fair, and just to the industry which we represent compared to the import duties on other products, whether those duties shall be levied for the avowed purpose of protection or for the avowed purpose of producing revenue to run the Government.

"2. We condemn as unjust, unfair, and discriminatory the bill which places hides on the free list and demand the restoration of same, and declare that we are unalterably opposed to the placing of live stock and live-stock products and the products of the farm and ranch on the free list.

"3. We appeal to the live-stock producing interests and to the agricultural interests to unite in opposition to a discriminatory and unjust system of levying import duties whereby their interests shall be sacrificed.

"I hereby certify that the above preamble and resolution was unanimously adopted at the Sixteenth Annual Convention of the American Live Stock Association held at Phoenix, Ariz., January 14 and 15, 1913, at which were present 600 regular delegates, representing 53 different live-stock associations throughout the West. Every State west of the Missouri River was fully represented at our convention and the resolution was adopted without a dissenting voice.

"T. W. TOMLINSON,

"Secretary American National Live Stock Association.

"PHOENIX, ARIZ, January 16, 1913."

This resolution, in its essentials on the subject under discussion, has been adopted at the annual conventions of the American National Live Stock Association for the last few years, and by the Cattle Raisers' Association of Texas at its annual conventions.

Both of these associations have at each of their annual conventions for several years past adopted resolutions in favor of a downward revision of the tariff so as to make the same just and equitable, and have never been advocates of a high protective tariff, but have always opposed placing the live-stock industry in free and open competition with the producers of live stock and meats in foreign countries. These resolutions are expressive of the general sentiment, judgment, and demands of the live-stock producers throughout the western half of the United States, and have been the result of conventions composed of delegates from nearly all of the live-stock associations west of the Mississippi River to the Pacific coast, and between Canada and the Rio Grande. These live-stock associations are composed of breeders and feeders, farmers, and others engaged in the business.

The whole fabric of industrial prosperity in the States engaged chiefly in the business of producing grain, hay, cotton seed, and other food products for animals in the Missouri Valley and the West is dependent upon the production of live stock and the fattening of the same for market. That is the means whereby these products are converted into money and the fertility of the soil is preserved. It applies alike directly and indirectly to the breeder and feeder, the merchant, the banker, and every one engaged in any sort of business in the locality where it is carried on. Inasmuch as the associations for whom this brief is filed are more extensively engaged in the cattle business than any other business (although many of the organizations comprising the American National Live Stock Association are engaged in the production and fattening of sheep and hogs and the interest of the association lies in the protection as well of the sheep and hog production as the production of cattle and beef), this brief has singled out the cattle and beef business as the most important representative. Besides, the business of producing cattle and beef is coextensive with the limits of the United States to a greater or less extent.

To show this I file herewith from the Crop Reporter of February, 1912, published by the Department of Agriculture, a statement showing by States the number and value of cattle, divided, as will be observed, between milch cows, on the one hand, and cattle other than milch cows, on the other, including the number as shown by the census of 1910 and the number as estimated by the Department of Agriculture on January 1, 1911 and 1912, together with the average value per head from 1880 to 1889, from 1890 to 1899, and from 1900 to 1909; also the estimated average value per head for 1910-1912, and the aggregate value for 1911 and 1912.