Parasites and the Behavior of AnimalsOxford University Press, USA, 31.1.2002 - 315 sivua When a parasite invades an ant, does the ant behave like other ants? Maybe not-and if it doesn't, who, if anyone, benefits from the altered behaviors? The parasite? The ant? Parasites and the Behavior of Animals shows that parasite-induced behavioral alterations are more common than we might realize, and it places these alterations in an evolutionary and ecological context. Emphasizing eukaryotic parasites, the book examines the adaptive nature of behavioral changes associated with parasitism, exploring the effects of these changes on parasite transmission, parasite avoidance, and the fitness of both host and parasite.The behavioral changes and their effects are not always straightforward. To the extent that virulence, for instance, is linked to parasite transmission, the evolutionary interests of parasite and host will diverge, and the current winner of the contest to maximize reproductive rates may not be clear, or, for that matter, inevitable. Nonetheless, by affecting susceptibility, host/parasite lifespan and fecundity, and transmission itself, host behavior influences parameters that are basic to our comprehension of how parasites invade host populations, and fundamentally, how parasites evolve. Such an understanding is important for a wide range of scientists, from ecologists and parasitologists to evolutionary, conservation and behavioral biologists: The behavioral alterations that parasites induce can subtly and profoundly affect the distribution and abundance of animals. |
Sisältö
1 Introduction | 3 |
Blueprints for Rsub0 | 10 |
3 Behavioral Alterations and Parasite Transmission | 35 |
4 Behavioral Alterations and Avoiding Parasites | 89 |
5 Behavioral Alterations and the Fitness and Longevity of Infected Hosts | 119 |
6 Concluding Remarks | 157 |
Tables | 165 |
Bibliography | 227 |
297 | |
301 | |
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acanthocephalan Acanthocephalus activity Aedes altered behavior amphipods ants aphids arthropod asites Beckage beetle behavioral alterations Bethel and Holmes Biology birds blood Canadian Journal castration caterpillar cercariae cestode changes cockroach copepods cycles cystacanth decreased defensive behavior Diptera disease Ecology ectoparasites Edman Effects of Parasites eggs Encysts enhance transmission Entomology evolution evolutionary exposure feces fected fecundity feeding females fever final host fish flea flies foraging Gammarus grooming habitat Hart havior hematophagous host behavior host defensive Hurd infected influence ingestion interactions intermediate host isopods Journal of Parasitology Journal of Zoology Kavaliers larvae males mate mice Milinski moniliformis Moore mosquitoes nematode nest oviposition parasite parasite transmission parasite-induced parasitoid Parasitology pathogens phototaxis Physiology Plasmodium plerocercoids population Poulin prey propagules rats Reduced reproductive response result Schistocephalus solidus Schistosoma selection snails solidus species starlings survival tapeworm temperatures Three-spined stickleback ticks transmitted trematode Tribolium confusum Tropical Medicine uninfected unparasitized vectors virus worm