From Wetumpka up to Greensport, a distance of about 140 miles, the slope is comparatively steep. Plans for the canalization of this river for navigation involve the construction of a series of 31 locks and dams, which would practically utilize all the fall between the two points. Thus, the statement of indicated horsepower approximates that which could be economically developed in practice. Above Lock No. 1 at Greensport the river extends 130 miles to Rome, but the fall is only 55 feet and no waterpower is available.

The Oostanaula River, the northern affluent of the Coosa, is formed at Resaca by the junction of the Coosawattee and the Connasauga. This point is 43 miles above Rome. Along this stretch there is a total fall of 50 feet, which is a little more than 1 foot per mile, and, therefore, the country is not well adapted for the development of power. The Coosawattee, from its mouth 22 miles up to Talking Rock, has a fall of 62 feet. The drainage area for the section is 680 square miles and the minimum discharge 476 cubic feet per second, which will provide a minimum indicated horsepower of 2,410. From Talking Rock up to the head of the river at Ellijay, a distance of 23 miles, there is a total fall of 582 feet. The mean drainage area for the section is 300 square miles and the minimum flow is 345 cubic feet per second, which will provide a minimum indicated horsepower of 16,500. As the river along this section is a continuous shoal, the entire fall is available for development. Hence the figure given above can be easily realized in actual practice. Cartecay River, an important tributary of the Coosawattee, has a fall of 390 feet in the 15 miles from the mouth up to Pumpkin Creek. The mean discharge is 144 cubic feet per second; the minimum indicated horsepower produced is, therefore, 4,590, and the minimum for the 6 highest months is 6,880.

The Connasauga River, the other affluent of the Oostanaula, has a minimum indicated horsepower of 6,650, distributed along the 32 miles of the river from Beaverdale to the head and along the Jack River, a tributary of the Connasauga.

ETOWAH RIVER.

We come now to the Etowah River, the southern affluent of the Coosa. The horsepowers developed by various sections of the river are shown in Table 26.

[Cir. 144]

TABLE 26.-Indicated horsepower developed by Etowah River.

The tributaries of the Ohio River considered in this discussion are the Monongahela, Great Kanawha, and Tennessee. Two other great streams have their headwaters in the Southern Appalachians, the Kentucky and Cumberland Rivers, but they are not considered in this paper, because the surveys available in their drainage areas cover so small an area that a comprehensive statement concerning the power developed on each can not be made at this time.

MONONGAHELA RIVER.

Monongahela River joins with the Allegheny at Pittsburg to form the Ohio. The drainage area, 7,350 square miles in extent, lies within the States of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Maryland. A short distance above the confluence of the Monongahela with the Allegheny, the Youghiogheny enters. This stream has a drainage area of 1,750 square miles.

Monongahela River has been extensively canalized for navigation, there being 15 locks and dams between the mouth and Fairmont, W. Va. The effect of these dams, so far as power is concerned, is to concentrate the natural fall of the river at 15 points, which would provide excellent water-power facilities, if the amount of summer flow were sufficient to make development worth while. Therefore, it will be seen that the preservation of summer flow, through the for

estation of the uplands and the installation of reservoirs, is one of the directly important features of improvement in these drainage From among the many reservoir sites that appear upon a survey of the basin, those shown in Table 27 have been selected as producing the best combination for all purposes.

areas.

TABLE 27.-Selected reservoir sites in the Monongahela River basin.

Monongahela River is formed a short distance above Fairmont, W. Va., by the junction of Tygarts Valley River and West Fork. The indicated horsepower developed by the main stem is set forth in Table 28.

TABLE 28.-Indicated horsepower developed by Monongahela River.

In connection with Table 28, special consideration should be given to the amount of power available from storage. Here is a river canalized by the Government at an expense of over $6,000,000, and which might be made to produce enormously profitable return on this investment if the work were completed by the reservation and forestation of the uplands and by the establishment of the necessary reservoir system. On the basis of a distribution of the stored waters over the entire year the income from water-power rental at an average of $20 per horsepower per year would be $885,000, or equivalent to a 3 per cent income on an investment of $29,500,000.

TYGARTS VALLEY RIVER.

This affluent of the Monongahela River is 121 miles long from source to mouth, and has a total drainage area of 1,420 square miles. The indicated horsepower developed along the river is set forth in Table 29. TABLE 29.-Indicated horsepower developed by Tygarts Valley River.

West Fork, which joins with the Tygarts Valley River to form the Monongahela, is not well adapted for the development of extensive power. Along the first 70 miles of its course, from the mouth to Washburn Run, the fall is only 160 feet.

In the next 22 miles, to the

head of the river, the fall is 500 feet, but the drainage area is small.

OTHER TRIBUTARIES OF MONONGAHELA RIVER.

Cheat River. Cheat River is an important tributary, entering the Monongahela from the east some distance below Morgantown, W. Va. The indicated horsepower developed at selected sections along the stream is set forth in Table 30.

Section of river.

TABLE 30.-Indicated horsepower developed by Cheat River.

Buckhannon River. This river is 61 miles long and its basin is 350 square miles in extent. The first section of 11 miles above the mouth has a total fall of 60 feet. The minimum flow in cubic feet per second is 66, while the minimum for the 6 highest months is 261. This will produce a minimum indicated horsepower of 324 and a minimum for the 6 highest months of 1,280 horsepower. Along the next 33 miles of the course, from Sand Run to Alexander, the total fall is 470 feet, and the minimum flow 40 cubic feet per second, which will produce a minimum indicated horsepower of 1,540. The minimum for the 6 highest months is 6,070. From Alexander to the source of the river, a distance of 17 miles, there is a fall of 1,300 feet, but the drainage area is only 90 square miles in extent, so the power available for development is inconsiderable.

Middle Fork.-Along the lower 25 miles of this fork there is a total fall of 540 feet and a mean drainage area of 113 square miles, producing a minimum flow of 25 cubic feet per second, or an indicated minimum horsepower of 1,100. The upper 15 miles of the river has a fall of 1,200 feet, but the drainage area is only 65 square miles in extent and the power actually available is limited.

Other tributaries of considerable importance as sources of power are Dry Fork, Laurel and Gladys forks, Black Water River, Dunkard and Sandy creeks.