Diamond willow is durable in contact with the soil, and is valuable for fence posts. It has been much used in the Dakotas for this purpose. It is a small tree, seldom more than 4 inches in diameter, and is usually propagated by cuttings. BOXELDER. Boxelder is chiefly valuable for shade or shelter. Its fuel value is higher than that of cottonwood, but its yield is low. It is very hardy, grows rapidly, and is easily propagated. It is short-lived, however, and should always be planted with longer-lived trees. RUSSIAN OLIVE. Russian olive is another excellent tree that has been imported from Europe. It has not been widely planted in these valleys, but its success on the dry plains of the Dakotas recommends it for use here, especially under irrigation. Its silvery white foliage and fragrant yellow flowers give it high ornamental value. It is durable, and in many places is being planted for fence posts. BUFFALO BERRY. Buffalo berry, which reaches scarcely more than shrub size, is a native to this territory. It is closely related to the Russian olive, and is used only in ornamental planting and for windbreaks. It is exceedingly drought-resistant, and suceeeds well on a wide range of soils. SILVER MAPLE. This tree has been extensively planted in the South Platte country, and is hardy for all parts of it. It is the principal shade tree of Denver. In the North Platte Valley it winterkills badly, from Bridgeport west. It succeeds at North Platte and can doubtless be grown successfully for some distance west of that city, but it can not be recommended for the valley as a whole. Aside from its use as an ornamental tree, silver maple makes a good windbreak, and its wood is valuable for fuel. HARDY CATALPA. Thus far hardy catalpa has not been successfully grown in the North Platte Valley. In the South Platte region it has been planted with more or less success from Julesburg west. In the depot park at Julesburg are a half dozen specimens 15 years old which average 7 inches in diameter 4 feet from the ground. At other points-for example, Fort Collins and Denver-are equally thrifty specimens. In many cases, however, the winters prove too severe and the trees die in a few years. Because of its rapid growth and the durability of its wood, hardy catalpa is an exceedingly valuable tree, but it can not be recommended for general planting even in the South Platte country. WESTERN YELLOW PINE. Western yellow pine is especially adapted to sandy soils and is being planted by the Government in the sand hills of Nebraska. It can be recommended for general planting in both valleys. The wood is hard and fairly durable and is useful for many purposes. JACK PINE. This tree is native to the north-central and northeastern United States and Canada. It is especially adapted to sandy soils, and is being extensively planted in the sand hills of Nebraska. It is also suited for planting on similar soils in these valleys. It grows more rapidly than most conifers, and is a useful tree for windbreaks and shelterbelts. The wood is slightly inferior to that of western yellow pine. It is used for fuel and coarse lumber and, if treated with chemical preservatives, is fairly satisfactory for posts and ties. ROCKY MOUNTAIN JUNIPER. This is the western type of the tree commonly known as "red cedar," from which it differs in size, being generally smaller; but it is even more hardy. It has a wide natural distribution in the foothills of the Rockies and west, and is also found on the bluffs bordering the table-lands in the North Platte Valley. Farther east, in Nebraska, it is found in company with willow and cottonwood in the sandy soils of the Platte River bottom. It will succeed well on the upland soils in these valleys. No better tree can be used for forming permanent windbreaks, for it branches low to the ground, and since it holds its leaves the year round, it is fully as effectual a protection in winter as in summer. It should not be planted adjoining orchards, however, since it is subject to a fungous growth which injures fruit trees. The durability of its wood is well known, and on this account it is planted for fence-post production. It is also used extensively for ornamental purposes. [Cir. 109] BLUE SPRUCE. Blue spruce is native to the Rocky Mountains. Owing to its rich blue-colored foliage, it is a favorite tree for ornamental planting. It is well adapted for use in windbreaks, and it can be grown under irrigation, both on the bottoms and uplands. 158 F7L GEN UNIV. OF PR SEP 6 157 Issued August 28, 1907. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOREST SERVICE-Circular 110. GIFFORD PINCHOT, Forester. EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF FOREST By R. S. KELLOGG, CHIEF, OFFICE OF WOOD UTILIZATION. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1907 ORGANIZATION OF THE FOREST SERVICE. [Cir. 110] GIFFORD PINCHOT, Forester. OVERTON W. PRICE, Associate Forester. PHILIP P. WELLS, Law Officer. HERBERT A. SMITH, Editor. GEORGE B. SUDWORTH, Dendrologist. Grazing.-ALBERT F. POTTER, Assistant Forester, in Charge. Operation. -JAMES B. ADAMS, Assistant Forester, in Charge. CLYDE LEAVITT, Assistant Chief. Engineering.-W. E. HERRING, Chief. Lands.-GEORGE F. POLLOCK, Chief. Silviculture.-WILLIAM T. Cox, Assistant Forester, in Charge. Silvics.-RAPHAEL ZON, Chief. W. G. WEIGLE, Assistant Chief. Products.-WILLIAM L. HALL, Assistant Forester, in Charge. Wood Preservation.-CARL G. CRAWFORD, Chief. (2) |