References are to star paging. Interest in bankruptcy, ii. 488. Interested witness, iii, 370. presumption of law as to the making, Interlocutory judgment, iii, 396, 448. by a sheriff, iii, 417, n. Interpretation of law, i, 58. rules for, i, 60, 62. Jeofails, statutes of, iii, 407; iv, 375, 439. exclusion of, i, 375. appointment of guardian by, i, 462, n. maintenance of their protestant chil- marriages of, i, 435, n. may now sit in parliament, i, 157, n., relief from disabilities, i, 157, n., 375, distinguished from construction, i, John, King, his resignation of the crown writ of error from superior courts of, relief from forfeitures of leases in, disestablishment of state church of, Irish peerages, i, 100, n., 154, n. Issuable terms, iii, 353. in criminal cases, iv, 399. of fact, when said to be joined, iii, 315. importance of, iii, 357, n. directed by court of equity, iii, 452. Jactitationis matrimonii causa, iii, 93. to the pope, iv, 108, 111. magna charta of, i, 127; iv, 423, 425. in demurrer, iii, 115. Joinder of actions, iii, 295, n. Joint owner of chattel, crown cannot Joint tenancy, ii, 180 et seq. good faith required in, ii, 194, n. Judgment, title to chattels by, ii, 436. remedy by elegit, ii, 162. void if jurisdiction wanting, iii, 24, n. operates as a charge upon lands, iii, from what time it binds lands, iii, 420. jurisdiction of equity over, iii, 437. 453. in criminal cases, iv, 375 et seq. cannot be amended, id. Judge in one's own cause, iii, 298 and n. commissions of, i, 267. are counsellors to the king, i, 229. assaults upon, iv, 125. threats or reproaches to, iv, 126. how counsel for prisoners, iv, 355. are always made sergeants, iii, 26. punishment for misbehavior, iii, 408. Judicial committee of the privy coun- its present organization, iii, 69, n. Judicial establishment in United States, Judicial writs, iii, 282. References are to star paging. Judicium ferri, aquæ et ignis, iv, 344. Jurisdiction, plea to, iii, 301; iv, 333. ecclesiastical, i, 83; iii, 87. want of, renders judgments void, iii, 24, n. Jurisprudence, utility of study of, i, 5. Jurists of the common law, i, 72. examining, iii, 355. challenge of, iii, 358, 362, 363; iv, 352. verdict formerly on their own knowl- may be sworn as witness, iii, 374. Jury, trial by, iii, 349. its establishment in England, iii, 360. must formerly be hundredors, iii, 358. common, iii, 358. Justice, remedy by means of the courts, neglect or refusal of, iii, 109. returning from transportation, iv, receiving stolen goods, &c., iv, 132. barratry, maintenance and cham- compounding criminal information, conspiracy, iv, 136. threatening letters, and perjury, iv, 137. bribery, embracery and false verdict, official negligence and oppression, iv, homicide, in advancement of, iv, 179. number and qualification, i, 352. Keeper, lord, iii, 47. Killing, what amounts to murder, iv, what to manslaughter, iv, 190. trial by, in criminal cases, iv, 348, Kin, ii, 205. 352. selecting, iv, 352, 355. jury process, iv, 350. award of tales, iv, 354. Jury, what persons exempted from serving on, iii, 363. jury of women, iii, 362; iv, 365. indictment by, iv, 303. Jus accrescendi, ii, 180, n., 184. Jus divinum of kings, i, 204. Jus prætorium, iii, 49. Jus proprietatis, ii, 197. Justice, origin of, ii, 8, n. right to, i, 141. king, the fountain of, i, 266. remedy by party's own act, iii, 1 et seq. (See "Descent," "Executors and Ad- Kindred, degrees of, how computed, ii, King, i, 190. (See "Crown.") assent to bills, i, 184. table of, i, 200. lord paramount, ii, 59. a constituent part of parliament, i governs according to law, i, 233. can do no wrong, i, 246; iii, 254; iv, councils of, i, 227. dignity of, i, 241. duties of, i, 226. sovereignty of, i, 233, 241. cannot be sued, i, 242. title of, i, 190. ubiquity of, i, 270. expenditures of, i, 334, 335. 103 prerogative of, i, 237. representative capacity, i, 252. King, jurisdiction of exchequer in mat- palaces of, contempts against, iv, 124. 122. felonies against, iv, 98. counterfeiting seals of, iv, 83, 89, 92, n. compassing or imagining death of, King's bench, court of, iii, 40; iv, 265. iv, 76. adhering to enemies of, iv, 82. 123. against courts of, iv, 124. counterfeiting money of, iv, 84, 98, all lands held of, ii, 51. titles to chattels by prerogative, ii, cannot be joint owner with subject, prerogative copyright, ii, 410. may take a chattel by succession, ii, ancient jewels of, are heir-looms, ii, prerogative presentation to a living, no lapse of time bars right to present mortuary on death of bishop, ii, 413, forfeitures of lands to, ii, 267. no general occupancy against, ii, 259. descent of crown to half-blood, ii, not bound by sale in market overt, ii, grants by, ii, 308, 346. mistake or deceit, ii, 348. cannot grant monopolies except for revenue extraordinary of, i, 306. royal family of, i, 219, 225. seals of, ii, 346; iii, 47. suits formerly discontinued by de- when preferred to other creditors, iii, judgment of, affects all lands of his neither pays nor receive costs, iii, exceptions, iii, 400, n. not fixed to certain place, iii, 41. fiction of defendant being in custody, from what courts a court of appeal, writ of error from, to exchequer process in, by original, iii, 284. Knight, tenure of lands by, ii, 62. to be returned on a lord's jury, iii, 359. Labor, the origin of property, ii, 5. Laches of infants, i, 465. not imputable to the crown, i, 247. Lancaster, county palatine of, i, 117, 119. court of duchy and county of, iii, 78, practice of court of common pleas of, Land, what is, ii, 16, 19. original and ultimate ownership of, license to occupy, ii, 279, n. limitation of actions to recover, iii, 178, n. in the eye of the law is always en- possession of, sufficient to maintain trespass against strangers, iii, 210, n. References are to star paging. Land, plea in abatement not admitted | Law, written, i, 185. in suit for, iii, 302. judgment is a charge upon, iii, 419. Landlord, when may break open doors, liability for nuisance, ii, 141, 144, n. who considered such, iii, 204, n. summary remedy by, when rent is in priority of, before execution creditor, tenant estopped from disputing title, (See "Tenure.") Land tax, i, 309-314; iv, 423. Lapse of devise and bequest, ii, 512. of right to present to church, ii, 276; Larceny, iv, 229-243. must be a taking, iv, 230, n., 231. as bailee, 230, n. by servants, clerks, agents, officers, by lodgers, iv, 231 and n. interpretation of, i, 59-62, 87-91. moral obligation of, i, 43, n., 57, 58. of God, i, 41. offences against, iv, 43. parts of a law, i, 54, 58. study of, i, 1-37. amendment of, statute for, iv, 441. Latin, iii, 319; iv, 428. causes of delays of, iii, 423. of property, necessarily arbitrary, consistency of, with natural justice, wager of, iii, 341; iv, 414, 424. Law schools, i, 23, 25, n., 30, n. Law side of the chancery court, iii, 47. by party stealing his own goods, iv, Laws, species of, i, 53. 231. Laws of Alfred, i, 64. of Edward the Confessor, i, 66. rise, progress and improvement of, countries subject to, i, 93. Law suits, cause of multitude of, iii, 328. chiefly arise from disputed facts, iii, Lawyers, noble, i, 11, 25. attempts to exclude from parliament, calling to the bar, i, 24, n. investiture of bishops, i, 378. receiving stolen, iv, 132, 133. Lease, ii, 317 et seq., 144, n., 150, n.; References are to star paging. Lease to an alien, ii, 293. relief from forfeiture, iii, 435. entry and ouster, iii, 204. Lectures, copyright in, ii, 407, n. Legacies, ii, 512; iii, 98. suits for in ecclesiastical courts, iii, in chancery, iii, 98, n. when vested, ii, 513, n. (See "Wills.") Legal memory, i, 67; ii, 31. Legal proceedings, wherein their un- Legal tender, i, 277, and n. cannot be delegated, i, 52, n. how restrained in America, i, 52, n., one legislature cannot limit power of how far controllable, i, 161. (See "Legislative Power," "Parlia Legitimacy, i, 446. presumption of, i, 447. English and Scotch laws respecting, Letter missive, iii, 445. for electing a bishop, i, 379. Letters, stealing of, iv, 235. sending threatening, iv, 144. opening in the postoffice, i, 322, n. Letters of marque, i, 258, 259, n. scire facias, for repeal of, iii, 260, 261. Levant and couchant, meaning of, iii, 8, n., 239. Levari facias, iii, 417. Levitical degrees, i, 438. Levying money without consent of par- Levying war against the king, iv, 81. Lewdness, iv, 64. Lex mercatoria, i, 76. Lex talionis, iv, 12. Libel, remedies for, iii, 125. Libel, what kind indictable, and how, blasphemous, iv, 59. on king and government, iv, 123. how far things imputed must be malice in, ib. what publication necessary, ib. in newspaper, proof of, iv, 150. Liberam tenementum, ii, 104; iii, 214. English charters of, i, 127-129. Liberty, civil, i, 6, 125, 251. natural, i, 125. personal, i, 134. political, i, 6, 125, 251. personal, injuries to, and criminal License to erect buildings, ii, 297, n. of alienation, ii, 72. to administer oaths, iii, 59. of law distinguished from private wine, i, 289. from the pope, iv, 115. implied, to enter on lands, iii, 212. concordandi, ii, 350. Liege, i, 367. Lien of vendor of goods, ii, 449, n. Lieutenant, lord, of Ireland, i, 412; iv, Life, i, 129. action for deprivation of, iii, 119. presumption of death, ii, 177, n. annuities, ii, 461. crimes against, iv, 177. (See "Estates.") Ligen, i, 293; iii, 100. Light, prescriptive right to, ii, 14, 266, n., obstruction of, a nuisance, iii, 216. not justified by freedom of speech, Light-houses, i, 264. i, 164. actionable words, iii, 123. truth as a defence, iii, 126, n. apology in mitigation of damages, ib. Limbs, i, 130; iii, 121, 333. (See "Mayhem.") Limitation and condition distinguished, |