Commentaries on the Laws of England

Royal perfection, i, 246.
perpetuity, i, 249.
prerogative, i, 237.
revenue, i, 281.
sovereignty, i, 241.
ubiquity, i, 267.

References are to star paging.

Rule in Shelley's Case, ii, 172, n., 242.

of court, iii, 304.
Rural dean, i, 383.

deanery, i, 111.

Rider to a bill, i, 183.

Sabbath breaking, i, 63.
Sacrament, reviling of, iv, 50.
Sacramentum decisionis, iii, 342.
Safe conducts, i, 259, 260; iv, 68.

Saint Martin le grand, court of, iii, 80.
Saladine tenth, i, 309.

Sale of chattels, ii, 9, 446.

(See "Consideration.")

after execution, ii, 447.
of distress, iii, 14.

what contracts of to be in writing,
ii, 448.

effect of part execution, ib.
of earnest, ii, 447.
delivery, ii, 448, 449.

when property passes, ii, 448.

when right of possession passes, ii,

449.

stoppage in transitu, ib.

of goods to be manufactured, ib.
bill of lading, ib.
vendor's lien, ib.

of horses, ii, 450.

of stolen goods, ii, 449.
warranty of title, ii, 451.
of quality, ib.

Salt duty, i, 322.

Salvage, i, 293; ii, 458, 460.
Sanction of laws, i, 56.
Sanctuary, iv, 332, 365, 436.
Sark, Isle of, i, 107.
Satisdatio, iii, 291.

Satisfaction, entry on record, iii, 421;
iv, 428.

Saxon laws, i, 64; iv, 410, 412.

Scale of crimes and punishments, iv, 18.
Scandal and impertinence in pleading,
iii, 442.

Scandalum magnatum, i, 402; iii, 123.
Schire-men, i, 398.

Schoolmaster, i, 453; iv, 54.

Sciences, auxiliary to study of the law,
i, 33.

Scire facias to repeal patents, iii, 47,
260, 361.

against bail, iii, 416.

in detinue, iii, 413.

to remove usurper's clerk, iii, 248.
to revive judgment, iii, 421.
Scold, common, iv, 169.
Scot or assessment. iii, 74.

Scotch peers, election of, i, 169; iv, 117.
privileges of, i, 97, 99, 165, 401, n.

Scotland, i, 95-98.

arrest of offenders in, iv, 292.
offences committed in, iv, 304
Scripture, scoffing at, iv, 59.
Scutage, i, 310; ii, 74.

Se defendendo, homicide, i, 130; iii, 3;
iv, 182.

Sea, title to land left by, ii, 261.
rights of fishing, ii, 39, 40.
banks, destroying, iv, 144.
marks, i, 294.

destroying, i, 294.

Seal, great and privy, ii, 346, 347; iii, 46.
counterfeiting the king's, iv, 83, 89.
of a corporation, i, 475.
Sealing of a deed, ii, 305.
Seamen, i, 420.

impressment of, ib.

wages of, iii, 107.

counterfeiting will or powers of, iv,
248.

personation of, iv, 249.

Second deliverance, writ of, iii, 150.
Surcharge, writ of, iii, 239.
Secretaries of state, i, 338.
Secret sales discouraged, ii, 449.
Secta, iii, 295, 344.

ad molendinum, iii, 235.
Secunda superoneratione, iii, 239.
Security of person, i, 129.

for good behavior, iv, 251, 256.
for the peace, iv, 251, 254.
for money, iii, 439.

(See "Bond," "Mortgage," "Statute.")
Seduction, action for, i, 429, n.; iii, 140, n.
public offence of, iv, 64.

of women and children, iv, 209, 212.
of soldiers and sailors, iv, 102.
of artificers, iv, 160.

Seisin, formerly important in descents,
ii, 208, 209, n.

how affected by statute of uses, ii,
137.

in deed, ii, 209.

livery of, ii, 311.

in one's demesne, ii, 105.

of incorporeal hereditaments, ii, 106.
writ of, ii, 359; iii, 412.

Seisin of heriots, iii, 15.
Selden, conduct of judges upon com-
mittal of, iii, 134.

Selecti judices of the Romans. iii, 366.
Self-defence, excuse for breaches of

peace, iii, 3.

retreating to wall, iii, 3, n.

in homicide, i, 130; iii, 3; iv, 183.
Self-murder, iv, 189.

Semi-plena probatio, iii, 370.
Senate as a court, iv, 252, n.
Senatus consulta, i, 80, 86.
Senatus decreta, i, 86.
Separate estate of wife, ii, 293, n.
Septennial elections, i, 189.
Sequestration, iii, 417, 444, 445.
Sergeant at law, i, 24; iii, 26, 28.
premier, iii, 28.

Sergeant at arms, iii, 444.
Sergeantry. ii, 73, 77, 81.
Servants, classes of, i, 423.
battery of, iii, 142.
characters to, iii, 125.

References are to star paging.

fires by negligence of, i, 432; iv, 222.
husbandry, i, 425.
liability of, i, 429.

master of, when answerable for, i,
430, 431; iii, 153.

menial, i, 425.
retainer of, ib.

duties of, i, 327.

embezzlement by, iv, 231.
larceny by, iv, 230.

of ambassador, i, 256.
Service, incidents of, i, 427.
perpetual, i, 425.
Services, ii, 41, 60.

(See "Tenure.")
subtraction of, iii, 234.
remedy for, iii, 235.
Servitude in land, ii, 20, n.

(See "Involuntary Servitude.")
Sessions of gaol delivery, iv, 270.
great, of Wales, iii, 77.
of parliament, i, 186, 187.
formerly one day, i, 46, n.
of oyer and terminer, iv, 270.
quarter, iv, 271, 274.
Set-off, iii, 304; iv, 442.

must be pleaded, iii, 304, n.
in bankruptcy, ii, 487, n.

Sheriff, cannot retake prisoner after
voluntary escape, iii, 415.
when excused for negligence, ib.
Sheriff's court in London, iii, 80.
Sheriff's tourn, iv, 273, 411, 424.

Ship, prize and ransom of, ii, 401, 402.
bottomry and respondentia, ii, 457-
461.

insurance, ii, 458.

in distress, plundering, i, 293.
money, iv, 473.

seized as a prize, remedy for, iv, 69.
plundering in distress, iv, 235.
burning, destroying, &c., iv, 246.
burning, &c., king's ships, iv, 102, 245.
Shipwrecks, i, 291.

Shire, i, 116.

Shooting at another, iv, 207.
Shop books, iii, 368.

Shroud, stealing of, iv, 235.

Shrubs, destroying, iv, 246.
stealing, iv, 233.

Si fecerit te securum, iii, 274.
Sign manual, ii, 347.

forgery of, iv, 89, 93, n.

Signature by a mark, ii, 305, 377, n.
to deed, ii, 305.

Signet, privy, ii, 347.

Significavit, iii, 102.

Similitude of handwriting, iv, 358.

Simony, i, 389, 393; ii, 278 et seq.; iv, 62.
Simple contract, ii, 465.

(See "Parol.")

Settlement of the crown, i, 128, 216; iv, Sinecure, i, 386.

440.

of the poor, i, 362, 364.

Single combat, iv, 346.

Si non omnes, writ of, iii, 60.

marriage, trustees to preserve con- Sinking fund, i, 330.

tingent remainders, ii, 171.

protector of, ii, 364, n.

of personalty, ii, 398.

Severalty, estates in, ii, 179.

Severance of joint estate, ii, 186.

Severity of punishments, impolicy of,
iv, 16.

Sewers, commissioners of, iii, 73.
Sextons, i, 395.

Sheep, &c., stealing, and killing with
intent to steal, iv, 239.

Shelly's Case, rule in, ii, 172, n., 242, n.
Shepway, court of, iii, 79.

Sheriff, i, 117, 339; iv, 292, 413, 428.
duration of office, i, 342.

duties and powers, i, 343.

duties in United States, i, 346.
how chosen, i, 339.

officers of, i, 345.

trial before, iii, 61, n.

official misfeasance or nonfeasance,
iii, 163.

obliged to take bail, iii, 289.

responsible if bail not put in to ac-
tion, iii, 290.

return of jurors by, iii, 358, n.; iv,
350.

liability for escape of prisoner, iii,
415.

Six clerks, iii, 443, 451.
Skins, exporting of, iii, 154.
Slander, fii, 123.

when actionable, iii, 124.

when replication of, may be justified,
iii, 124, n.

truth as a justification, iii, 125.
when words privileged, iii, 125.
mitigation of damages in, iii, 125, n.
Slavery, i, 418, 423.

abolition of, i, 423, n., 425, n.
Slaves, i, 127 and n., 423-425; ii, 402.
Sluices on rivers, destroying, iv, 144.
Small debts, courts for, iii, 81; iv, 441.
Small debtor's act, iii, 488, n.

Small tithes, i, 388.
Smells, offensive, iii, 217.

Smoke farthings, i, 324.

Smuggling, i, 318; iv, 155.

Socage, free and villein, ii, 78 et seq.;
iv, 409.

guardian in, i, 461.

Society, origin and nature of, i, 47; ii, 8.
object of, i, 124.

Sodomy, offence of, iv, 215.

soliciting to commit, iv, 215.
assault to commit, iv, 217.

sending letters charging party with,
iv, 144.

References are to star paging.

Standing armies, i, 413, 414.
Stannary courts, iii, 80.
Staple commodities, i, 315.
Star chamber, court of, i, 230; iii, 445;
iv, 266, 310, 429, 433, 437.
Stare decisis, i, 70.

State, sovereign, not suable except by
consent, i, 243, n., 255.

statutes of limitations do not run
against, i, 247, n.

Stated damages, iii, 435.
Status.

(See "Nobility.")
Statute, i, 85.

de donis, ii, 112; iv, 430.
of leases, ii, 118.

of uses, ii, 137, 332.
de religiosis, ii, 270.
of wills, iv, 30.
equity of, i, 62, n.

directory and declaratory, i, 55.
how passed, i, 181.

guardian by, i, 462.
labor, i, 58, 358.

law, i, 85.

private, ii, 344.

when to take effect, i, 46.

when applicable to copyhold, ii, 113.
of distributions, ii, 515.

of frauds. (See "Frauds, Statute of.")
merchant, ii, 160; iv, 426, 431.
staple, ib.

of Westminster, ii, 271.

quia emptores, ii, 271.
against simony, ii, 279.
of Marl bridge, ii, 283.

certificate that cause required, iii, Statutes, rules for construction of, i,

367, n.

Special plea, iii, 305.

to indictment, iv, 335.

Specialty, ii, 466: iii, 155.

Specific performance of contract, iii,

438.

Spoliation, remedy for, iii, 90.

Sporting, restrictions upon, ii, 413.
Springing uses, ii, 334.

Squibs, nuisance by, iv, 168.

Stabbing, iv, 193.

Stage plays, when a nuisance, iv, 167.
Stamp duties, i, 323; iii, 323.

on deed, &c., ii, 297.

on bill of exchange, ii, 469.

forgery of, iv, 249.

87-91.

division of, i, 85, 86.
how enrolled, i, 182, n.
how stated, i, 85, n.

of mortmain, i, 108, n., 479.
promulgation of, i, 45, 185, n.
in pari materia, i, 60, n.
preambles of, i, 60, n.
penal, how construed, i, 86.
Staundforde, i, 72.

Stealing an heiress, iv, 209 and n.

(See "Larceny.")

Step-children, i, 449, n.

Sterling, i, 278.

Steward, i, 427.

lord high, his court, iii, 37; iv, 260,
261, 263.

of the household, his court, iii, 76;
iv, 276.

of the university, his court, iv, 277.
stipend, curate's remedy for non-
payment of, ii, 90 and ň.
Stipulatio, iii, 291.

Stipulation in admiralty court, iii, 108.

when material in forgery, &c., iv, Stirpes, claim per, ii, 217, 517.

247, 248.

Standard of coin, i, 278.

of weights and measures, i, 274, 275;
iv, 275.

Stocks, punishment of, iv, 377.

Stolen goods, receiving, &c., iv, 132, 238.
taking reward to help to, iv, 131.
sale of, ii, 449.

Stolen marriages, iv, 209.

References are to star paging.

Stoppage in transitu, ii, 488, n.; iii, 305.
Stores, embezzling the king's, iv, 101.
receiving stolen, iv, 133.

Stranger, when his goods or chattels
may be distrained, iii, 8.
Stream of water, property in, ii, 18, n.,
266, n., 402.

Striking in the king's palace or courts,
iv. 125, 276.

Study of the law, to whom essential, i,
6-16.

discouragements of, i, 31.

uses of, i, 6.

in the universities, i, 16, 26-37.
mode of commencing, i, 31.

should be combined with other stud-
ies, i, 27, 33.

formerly restrained in London, i, 24.
neglected in the universities, i, 4.
Style, new and old, ii, 140, n.
Subinfeudations, statute against, ii, 91,

102.

Subjection, civil excuse from crime by,
iv, 28.

Submission to arbitration, iii, 16.
Subordinate magistrates, i, 338.
Subornation of perjury, iv, 137.
Subpoena ad testificandum, writ of, iii,
369.

duces tecem, iii, 382.
in equity, iii, 442, 443.

writ of, by whom devised, iii, 51.
opposition to, in parliament, iii, 52.
invention of, iii, 51.

Subscriptions unlawful, iv, 117.
Subsequent, condition, ii, 154.
evidence, iii, 403, 454.

Subsidies, ecclesiastical, i, 312.
lay, i, 308, 311; iv, 423.

on exports and imports, i, 316.
Subtraction of fealty, suit of court and
rent, iii, 230.

remedy for, by distress, iii, 231.

of conjugal rights, iii, 94.

of legacies, iii, 98.

of tithes, iii, 88, 102.

Suit of witnesses, iii, 295.
Summary convictions, iv, 280 et seq.
Summoners, iii, 279.
Summons, iii, 279.

to parliament, i, 149, 150.
before conviction, iv, 281.
Sumptuary laws, i, 126; iv, 170.
Sunday, no judicial day, iii, 278, 290.
rule when paper falls due upon, ii,
469, n.

business and entertainments on, iv,
63, 64.

Sabbath breaking generally, iv, 63.
Supersedeas, writ of, i, 353.
Superstitious uses, ii, 272; iii, 410.
Supplemental bill, iii, 448.
Suppletory oath, iii, 370.
Supplicavit, iv, 253.
Supplies, i, 308, 313.

Support of land, right to, ii, 36, n.
Support of children by parents, i, 447,
458.

of parents by children, i, 453.
of the poor, i, 359.

Supremacy, oath of, i, 368 and n.; iv,
115, 420.

Supreme court of England, iii, 30, n.
Supreme magistrate, i, 146.

power, i, 49, 146.

Surcharge of common, iii, 237.
Sur disclaimer, iii, 233, n.
Sureties, iv, 252.

Surgeon, liability of, for negligence,
&c., iii, 122.

Sur-rebutter, iii, 310.
Sur-rejoinder, iii, 310.
Surrenders, ii, 326.
in law, ii, 326, n.

of copyholds, ii, 366.
Surveyors of highways, i, 357.
Survivorship, ii, 180, n., 184, 399; iii, 168,
164.

Suspension of habeas corpus, i, 136.

of action for civil injury in case of
felony, iii, 119.

Sus. per col., iv, 403.

Sussex, marriage of duke of, i, 226, n.

Succession, to the crown, history of, i, Swans, ii, 392; iv, 236.

197; iv, 440.

in stirpes, ii, 216.

title to personalty by, ii, 430.

Sufferance, estate at, ii, 150.

Suffrage, who entitled to, i, 172, n.

Suggestion for prohibition, iii, 113.
prosecution by, iv, 309.

Suicide, iv, 189.

Swearing, profane, iv, 60.

the peace, iv, 255.

of witnesses, iii, 371.

Sweinmote, court of, iii, 72.
Syngrapha, ii, 296.

Synods, i, 279.

abetting, is murder, when, iv, 189, n., Table of precedence, i, 405, n.

of consanguinity, ii, 202-206.
Tacking mortgages, ii, 159, n.
Tail, estate in.

(See "Estates.")

Taking, felonious, iv, 230, 232,
unlawful, iii, 145.
Tale or count, iii, 293.
Tales, iii, 365; iv, 344,

Talionis, lex, iv, 12.

(See "Estate.")

in capite, ii, 60.

in severalty, i. 179.
paravail, ii, 60.

bound to give landlord notice of
ejectment. iii, 204.

not liable for accidental fire, ii, 281;
iii, 228, n.

when bound to rebuild, ib.

liable to pay rent after fire, ib.
estopped to dispute landlord's title,
ii, 144, n.

right of, to demand repairs, ii, 144, n.
assignment by, ib.

Tenant-right of renewal, ii, 101, 148.
Tender of amends, iii, 16.

of issue, iii, 313.

of money, i, 277.
of debt, iii, 303.
plea of, iii, 303.

of oaths, i, 368; iv, 124.

Tenement, ii, 16, 59, 102.

Tenemental lands, ii, 90, 93.
Tenendum, ii, 298.

Tenths, ecclesiastical, i, 284; iv, 309.
temporal, i, 309; iv, 107.

Tenure, ancient English, ii, 51, 59, et seq.
lord paramount and mesne lord, ii,
59, n.

original and ultimate ownership, ii,
59, n.

tenant paravail and tenant in capite,
ii, 60.

statute qui emptores, ii, 91, 102.
species of, ii, 60.

lay tenure, ii, 60.

Tenure, knighthood, ib.

marriage of ward, ii, 70, 88.
fines for alienation, ii, 71, 89.
attornment, ii, 72.
escheat, ii, 72, 89.

grand sergeanty, cornage, ii, 73, 74,
77, 81.

escuage, ii, 74.

destruction of military tenures, ii, 76.
frankalmoign, ii, 77, 101.

modern English tenures, ii, 78 et
seq.

distinguished from allodial holding.
ii, 78, n.

free socage, ii, 78.
meaning of, ii, 79.
petit sergeanty, ii, 81.
burgage, ii, 82.

borough English, ii, 83.

gavelkind, ii, 84.

incidents of socage tenures, ii, 86-85.
villeinage, ii, 89, 92, 98.

copyholds, ii, 97, 98.

manors, ii, 90.

ancient demesne, ii, 98.

spiritual, or frankalmoign, ii, 101.
by divine service, ii, 102.
profits of military, i, 287.
disturbance of, iii, 242.

Term of years, ii, 143; iv, 430.
executory bequest of, ii. 175, n.
Terms of court, origin of the, iii, 275.
when they begin and end, iii, 277, n.
Terre tenant, ii, 91, 328.

Territories of United States, iv, 571.
Test act, iv, 59, 439.

Testament, ii, 489, 499; iv, 424, 430.
(See "Will.")

Testamentary causes in county courts,
iii, 95; iv, 421.

in equity, iii, 437.

in ecclesiastical courts, iii, 96, 437.
Testamentary guardian, i, 462.
Testatum capias, iii, 283.
Teste of writs, i, 179; iii, 274.
Testes, trial per, iii, 333.
Thainland, ií, 90.
Thanet, Isle of, i, 105.
Theater, copyright in plays, &c.,
407, n.

Theft, iv, 229, 236, 420.
(See "Larceny.")
Theft-bote, iv. 133, 363.
Thellusson act, ii, 175, n.

Theodosian code, i, 81.

Things real and personal, ii, 16, 384.
common, ii, 14.

(See "Property.")

Threatening letters, iv, 137, 144.

Threats of accusation, to extort money,
iv, 144.

remedy for, iii, 120.
duress by, i, 131.

Timber, ii, 34, n., 281.

stealing, iv, 233.

destroying, iv, 247.

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Commentaries on the Laws of England: In Four Books, Nide 2