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gions, they were commemorated under a notion of the arrival of Da-naus, or Danaus. It is fuppofed to have been a perfon, who fled from his brother Egyptus, and came over in a facred fhip given him by Minerva. This fhip, like the Argo, is faid to have been the first ship confructed; and he was aflitted in the building of it by the fame Deity, Divine Wisdom. Both histories relate to the fame event. Danaus, upon his arrival, built a temple, called Argus, to lona, or Juno; of which he made his daughters priefteffes. The people of the place had an obfcure tradition of a deluge, in which moft perished, fome few only cicaping. The principal of these was Deucalion, who took refuge in the acropolis, or temple. Those who fettled in Theffaly, carried with them the fame memorials concerning Deucalion, and his deliverance; which they appropriated to their own country. They must have had traditions of this great event strongly impreffed upon their minds; as every place, to which they gave name, had fome reference to that history. In procefs of time, thefe impreffions grew more and more faint, and their emblematical worship became very obfcure and unintelligible. Hence they confined the hiftory of this event to their own country; and the Argo was fuppofed to have been built, where it was originally enshrined. As it was reverenced under the symbol of the moon, talled Man or Mon, the people from this circum:fance named their country Ai-mona, in after times rendered Aimonia.

This extract from the ingenious and learned mythologist, will enable the reader to form fome idea of his fentiments on this fubject.

But whatever difguft the grave hiftorian may have conceived at this unfightly mixture of the marvellous and the probable, the poet needs not be offended at it. Fiction is his province. He may be allowed to expatiate in the regions of fancy without controul, and to introduce his fiery bulls and fleepless dragons without the dread of tenlure.

The Argonautic expedition has been the admired fubje&t of the Greek and Roman poets from Orpheus, or rather from Onomacritus, who lived in the times of Pififtratus, to those of our author's imitators, who lived in the decline of the Roman empire. To weigh the merits of thefe ancient poets in the juft fcale of criticism, and to appropriate to each his due share of praife, is a talk too arduous and affuming for an humble editor to engage in. Yet fuch is the partiality of tranflators and editors to their favourite poets, that they with either to find them feated above their rivals and contemporaries, on the fummits of Parnaffus, or, if poffible, to fix them there. Bat vain are thefe wishes, unless the teftimonies of the first writers of antiquity concur to gratify them. The reputation of Apollonius can neither be impaired nor enhanced by the ftrictures of Scaliger and Rapin: the judgment of Quintilian and Longinus may, indeed, more materially affect it. They have delivered their opinions on our aucher in the following words:

Επείτοι γε καὶ απίωτος ὁ ̓Απολλώνιος, ὁ τῶν Agyeveutixäv wointùs de' Jv “Oungos ův μɑàλ » 'Amoλλávos idédois yeviata. Sect. xxxii. Longin. de Sublim.

Non contemnendum edidit opus æquali quandam mediocritate. Quintil. Infl. Orat. l. x c. I. Unfortunately, as it should feem, for the Rhodian, thefe celebrated ftri&tures wear the double face of approbation and cenfure. The praife that is conveyed under the term axlaros, that he no where finks, is loft in the implication, that he is no where elevated. The expreffion non contemnendum opus, apparently a flattering meiofis, is limited to its loweft fenfe by the fubfequent obfervation, aquali quadam, mediocritate. But we muft not defert our poet even in this extremity; for if imitation implies efteem and admi.ation, Apollonius's nobleft eulogy will be found in the writings of Virgil. Thofe applauded paffages in this poet, which are confeffedly imitated from our author, may ferve as a counterpoife to the sentence of the critics. Apollonius was Virgil's favourite author. He has incorporated into his neid his fimiles and his epifodes; and has fhown the fuperiority of his judgment by his just application and arrangement of them.

But it is not the Mantuan poet only, who has fetched from this ftorehouse the most precious ma terials. Valerius Flaccus, who has made choice of the fame subject with the Rhodian, has difcovered through every part of his work a fingular predilection for him. He is allowed to have imitated the style of Virgil with tolerable fuccefs; but he is indebted for the conduct of his poem chiefly to Apollonius. It is remarkable, that Quintillian, who has objected mediocrity to our author, has men tioned this his clofeft imitator in terms of the highest respect. Yet muft it be confeffed that the genius of Flaccus feldom foars fo high, as when it is invigorated and enlightened by the muse of Apollonius.

But the admiration in which this writer has been held by the Roman poets, did not expire with them. The rage of imitation, far from ceafing, has caught congenial fpirits in every fucceeding period; and the moft approved paffages in this elegant poem have been diffufed through the works of the most admired moderus. It were needlefs to mention any other than Milton and Camoens. Milton's imita tions of Apollonius are, many of them, specified in the notes inferted in Bishop Newton's valuable edition of all that writer's poetical works. Camoens, who has hitherto been known to the English reader only through the obfcure and crude verfion of Fanfhaw, has appeared of late greatly to advantage in the very animated tranflation of Mr. Mickle. That the refined tafte of Camoens was formed on the model of the Greek and Roman poets, is evident throughout the Lufiad; which abounds in allufions to the pagan mythology, and is enriched with a profufion of graces drawn from the ancient claffics. In the number of thefe it can be no difparagement to his poem to reckon Apollonius Rhodius; to the merit of whofe work Camoens, if I misjudge not.

was no firanger. The fubject of the Portuguese poem bears a ftriking refemblance to that which our author has chofen. For the heroes both of Portugal and Greece traversed unknown feas, in purfuit of the wealth with which an unknown country was expected to fupply them. Camoens not only alJudes to Argo and her demigods, but feems par ticularly fond of drawing a comparifon betwixt the heroes of his country and those of Theffaly.

Here view thine Argonauts, in feas unknown, &c.
B. i. p 9.

With fuch bold rage the youth of Mynia glow'd,
When the first keel the Euxine furges plough'd;
When bravely venturous for the golden fleece,
Orac'lous Argo fail'd from wond'ring Greece.

And foon after;

B. iv. p. 172

While each prefag'd that great as Argo's fame,
Our fleet fhould give fome starry band a name.
"The folemnity of the night spent in devotion,
the affecting grief their friends and fellow-citizens,
whom they were never more to behold; and the an
gry exclamations of the venerable old man, give a
dignity and interefting pathos to the departure of
the fleet of Gama, unborrowed from any of the
claffics. See the concluding note to B. iv.

there is a paffage in the third book of Apollonius, to which the defcription of the apparition at the Cape bears a striking resemblance: I mean the appearance of the ghost of Sthenelus, ftanding on his tomb, and furveying the Argonauts as they fail befide him. The defcription of Camoens is indeed heightened by many additional circumstances, and enriched with a profufion of the boldeft images. The colouring is his own; but the first defi, and outlines of the piece appear to be taken from our poet.

But it is time to quit the imitators of Apollonius, and to give fome account of his tranflators.

Dr. Broome, well known in the literary world for the part he took in the tranflation of the Odyssey, and for his notes annexed to it, has given an elegant verfion of the Loves of Jafon and Medea, and of the ftory of Talaus; which are published with his original poems. Mr. Weft, who has transfufed into his verfion of the Odes of Pindar, much of the fpirit of his fublime original, has presented us, in an English drefs, with one or two detached pieces from our author. Mr. Ekins has tranflated the third book, and about two hundred lines of the fourth Had this gentleman undertaken a version of the whole poem, Mr. Fawkes, I am confident, would have defifted from the attempt. The public has long been in poffeffion of several tranflations of this latter writer. Thofe of Anacreon Apollonius has admitted into his first book, on a and Theocritus are acknowledged to have confifimilar occafion, most of the abovementioned par-derable merit. The work before us was underticulars, and many others equally interefting. The taken at the request of Mr. Fawkes's particular prayer of Jafon, and the facrifices previous to their friends; and the increasing number of his fubfcribembarkation, are circumftantially related. The la- ers encouraged him to perfevere in his defign; mentations of Aicimeda at the lofs of her fon, the but the completion of it was prevented by the prefilent grief of Æfon his father, and the tears of his mature ftroke of fate. What part the editor has friends, contribute to make this parting fcene the taken in this work, is a matter of too small impormost pathetic imaginable. Through the whole of tance to need an explanation. But lett his mo this affeAing interview, Camoens feems not to have tive fhould be muftaken, and vanity fhould be fuploft fight of Apollonius. Put, left it fhould be faid. pofed to have inftigated what friendship only fugthat a fimilarity of fituations naturally produces a gefted, he begs leave to add, as the best apology fimilarity of fentiments, and that we ought not he can offer for engaging in this work, that with To interpret a refemblance like this, which might no other ambition than to afflift his friend, did he be casual only, to be the effect of ftudied imita- comply with his folicitations to become his coadtion; another paffage may be selected from the Lu-jutor; and with no other motive does he now apfiad, which is univerfally admired for its genuine Tublimity, and is affirmed to be the happiest effort of unaffifted genius. "The apparition, which in night hovers athwart the Cape of Good Hope, is the grandeft fiction in human compofition; the Invention his own!" See the Differtation prefix. ed to Mr. Mickle's Tranflation of the Luftad.

pear as his editor, than to enable the widow to avail herself of thofe generous fubfcriptions, for which the takes occafion here to make her thankful acknowledgments.

March 27. 1780.

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THE ARGONAUTICS.

IN FOUR BOOKS.

BOOK I.

17

THE ARGUMENT.

This book commences with the lift and character of the Argonauts. Before they embark, two of the chiefs quarrel, but are pacified by the harmony of Orpheus. They fet fail, and land at Lemnos, an ifland inhabited by female warriors; who, though they had flain their hufbands, and turned Amazons, are fo charmed with thefe heroes, that they admit them to their beds Thence they fail to

the country of the Dolions, and are kindly received by their king Cyzicus. Loofing from thence in the night, and being driven back by contrary winds, they are mistaken for Pelafgians, with whom the Dolions were then at war.. A battle ensues, in which ́Cyzicus and many of his men are. fain. The morning difcovers the unhappy mistake. Thence they fail to Myfia. Hercules breaks his oar; and while he is gone into a wood to make a new one, Hylas is ftolen by a nymph, as he is ftooping for water at a fountain. Hercules and Polyphemus go in fearch of him. Meanwhile the Argonauts leave them behind, and fail to Bithynia.

INSPIR'D by thee, O Phœbus, I refound
The glorious deeds of heroes long renown'd,
Whom Pelias urg'd the golden fleece to gain,
And well-built Argo wafted o'er the main,
Through the Cyanean rocks. The voice divine
Pronounc'd this fentence from the facred fhrines
'Erelong and dreadful woes, foredoom'd by fate,
'Through that man's counfeis fhall on Pelias
wait,

'Whom he, before the altar of his god,

'Shall view in public with one fandal fhod.' ΙΟ
And, lo as by this oracle foretold,

What time adventurous Jafon, brave and bold,
Anaurus paft, high fwoln with winter's flood,
He left one fandal rooted in the mud.
To Pelias, thus, the hafty prince repair'd,
And the rich banquet at his altar fhar'd.
The ftately altar, with oblations ftor'd,
Was to his fire erected, ocean's lord,

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And all their great atchievements to rehearse:
Deign, ye propitious nine, to aid my verfe.
Firft in the lift, to join the princely bands,
The tuneful bard, enchanting Orpheus, ftands;
Whom fair Calliope, on Thracia's fhore,
Near Pimpla's mount, to bold agrus bore.
Hard rocks he foften'd with perfuafive fong,
And footh'd the rivers as they roll'd along.
Yon beeches tall, that bloom, near Zona, ftill
Remain memorials of his vocal skill:
His lays Fiera's liftening trees admire,
And move in meatures to his melting lyre.
Thus Orpheus charm'd, who o'er the Biftons
reign'd,

By Chiron's art to Jafon's intereft gain'd.
Afterion next; whofe fire rejoic'd to till
Pirefian vallies by Phylleion's hill,
Born near Apidanus, who fportive leads

His winding waters through the fertile meads;
There where, from far, Enipeus, ftream divine,
And wide Apidanus their currents join.

40

The fon of Elatus, of deathlefs fame,

From fair Lariffa, Polyphemus came.

50

Long fince, when in the vigour of his might,
He join'd the hardy Lapithe in fight

Against the Centaurs; now his ftrength reclin'd
Through age, yet young and martial was his mind.
Not long at Phylace Iphiclus ftaid,

Great Jafon's uncle; pleas'd he join'd his aid,

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Left Alope, with golden harvests crown'd;
The gainful fons of Mercury: with these
Their brother came, the bold Æthalides;
Whom fair Eupolema, the Phthian, bore
Where smooth Amphryfos rolls his watery ftore:
Thofe, Menetus, from thy fair daughter fprung,
Antianira, beautiful and young.

70

Coronus came, from Gyrton's wealthy town,
Great as his fire in valour and renown,
Caneus his fire; who, as old bards relate,
Receiv'd from Centaurs his untimely fate.
Alone, unaided, with transcendent might,
Boldly he fac'd, and put his foes to flight.
But they, reviving foon, regain'd their ground;
Yet fail'd to vanquish, and they could not wound.
Unbroke, unmov'd, the chief his breath resigns,
O'erwhelm'd beneath a monument of pines.
From Titarefus Mopfus bent his way,
Infpir'd an augur by the god of day,
Eurydamas, to share fair honour's crown,
For fook near Xynia's lake his native town,
Nam'd Ctimena: Mencetius join'd the band,
Difmifs'd from Opuns by his fire's command.
Next came Eurytion, Irus' valiant son,
And Eribotes, feed of Teleon.

Oileus join'd these heroes, fam'd afar

For ftratagems and fortitude in war;

Well kill'd the hoftile fquadrons to fubdue,

80

90

Bold in attack, and ardent to pursue.
Next by Canethus, fon of Abans, fent,
Ambitious Canthus from Euboea went;
Doom'd ne'er again to reach his native shore,
Nor view the towers of proud Cerinthus more.
For thus decreed the deftinics fevere,
That he and Mopfus, venerable feer,
After long toils and various wanderings paft,
On Afric's dreary coaft fhould breathe their laft.
How fhort the term affign'd to human woe,
Cloth'd as it is by death's decifive blow!
On Afric's dreary coaft their graves were made,
From Phafis diftant far their bones were laid,
Far as the east and western limits run,
Far as the rifing from the fetting fun.
Clytius and Iphitus unite their aid,
Who all the country round Echalia sway'd;
These were the fons of Eurytus the proud,
On whom his bow the god of day bestow'd;
But he, devoid of gratitude, defy'd,

100

And challeng'd Phoebus with a rival's pride. 110
The fons of acus, intrepid race!
Separate advanc'd, and from a different place.
For when their brother unawares they flew,
From fair Ægina diverse they withdrew.
Fair Salamis king Telamon obey'd,
And valiant Peleus Phthia's fceptre fway'd.
Next Butes came from fam'd Cecropia far,
Brave Teleon's fon, a chief renown'd in war.
To wield the deadly lance Phalerus boasts,
Who, by his fire commiffion'd, joins the bofts. 120

No fon, fave this, e'er blefs'd the hoary fage,
And this Heaven gave him in declining age:
Yet him he fent, difdaining abje&t fears,
To fhine confpicuous 'midit his gallant peers.
Thefeus, far more than all his race renown'd,
Faft in the cave of Tænarus was bound
With adamantine fetters, (dire abode)!
E'er fince he trod th' irremeable road
With his belov'd Pirithoüs: had they fail'd,
Much had their might, their courag'd much a-
vail'd.
130

Baotian Tiphys came, experienc'd well
Old ocean's foaming furges to foretel,
Experienc'd well the stormy winds to fhun,
And fteer his veffel by the ftars or fun.
Minerva urg'd him by her high command,
A welcome mate to join the princely band.
For the the ship had form'd with heav'nly skill,
Though Argus wrought the dictates of her will.
Thus plann'd, thus fashion'd, this fam'd ship ex-

cell'd

240

The nobleft fhips by oar or fail impell'd.
From Aræthyrea, that near Corinth lay,
Phlias, the fon of Bacchus, bent his way;
Blefs'd by his fire, his fplendid mansion stood
Faft by the fountains of Afopus' flood.
From Argos next the fons of Bias came,
Areius, Talaus, candidates for fame,
With bold Leodocus, whom Pero bore,
Neleus' fair daughter, on the Argive fhore;
For whom Melampus various woes fuftain'd,
In a deep dungeon by Iphiclus chain'd.
Next Hercules, endued with dauntless mind,
At Jafon's fummons stay'd not long behind.
For warn'd of this adventurous band, when laft
The chief to Argos from Arcadia past,
(What time in chains he brought the living boar,
The dread, the bane of Erymanthia's moor,
And at the gates of proud Mycena's town,
From his broad fhoulders hurl'd the monster
down) :

150

160

179

Unafk'd the ftern Mycenian king's confent,
Inflant to join the warlike hoft he went.
Young Hylas waited with obfequious care,
The hero's quiver and his bow to bear.
Next came the lift of demigods to grace,
He who from Danaüs deriv'd his race,
Nauplius; of whom fam'd Prætus was the fon
Of Prætus Lernus; thus the lineage run:
From Lernus Naubolus his being claim'd,
Whofe valiant fon was Clytoneüs nam'd.
In navigation's various arts confefs'd
Shone Nauplius' fkill, fuperior to the rest:
Him to the fea's dread lord, in days of yore,
Danaus' fair daughter, Amymone bore.
Laft of those chiefs who left the Grecian coaft,
Prophetic Idmon join'd the gallant hoft;
(Full well he knew what cruel fate ordain'd;
But dreaded more than death his honour stain'd)
The fon of Phoebus by fome ftol'n embrace,
And number'd too with Æolus's race.
He learn'd his art prophetic from his fire,
Omens from birds, and prodigies from fire. 180
Illuftrious Pollux, fam'd for martial force,
And Caftor, skill'd to guide the rapid horse,

Etolian Leda fent from Sparta's fhore:

Both at one birth in Tyndarus house she bore.
No boding fears her generous mind deprefs'd;
She thought like them whom Jove's embrace had
blefs'd.

Lynceus and Idas, from Arene's wall,

291

200

210

Heard fame's loud fummons, and obey'd her call:
The fons of Aphareus, of matchless might,
But Lynceus ftands renown'd for piercing fight:
So keen his beam that ancient fables tell,
He faw through earth the wondrous depths of hell.
With thefe bold Periclymenus appears,
The fon of Neleus, moft advanc'd in years
Of all his race; his fire's unconquer'd pride:
Him with vaft ftrength old ocean's lord fupply'd,
And gave the power when hard in battle prefs'd,
To take whatever form might fait him best.
From legea's towers where bore Aphidas sway,
Amphidamas and Cepheus took their way,
The fons of Aleus both; and with them went
Ancæus, by his fire Lycurgus fent.
Of thofe the brother, and by birth the first,
Was good Lycurgus; tenderly he nurs'd
His fire at home; but bade his gallant fon
With the bold chiefs the race of glory run.
On his broad back a bear's rough spoils he wore,
And in his hand a two-edg'd pole-ax bore,
Which, that the youth might in no danger share,
Were fafe fecreted by his grandfire's care.
Augeas, too, lord of the Elean coaft,
Sail'd, brave affociate, with the warlike host.
Rich in poffeffions, of his riches proud,
Fame fays his being to the fun he ow'd.
Ardent he wish'd to fee the Colchian fhore,
And old Æeta who the fceptre bore.
Afterius and Amphion, urg'd by fame,
The valiant fons of Hyperafius came
From fair Pellene, built in days of yore
By Pelle's grandfire on the lofty fhore.
From Tænarus, that yawns with gulf profound,
Euphemus came, for rapid race renown'd.
By Neptune forc'd, Europa gave him birth,
Daughter to Tityus, hugeft fon of earth.
Whene'er he skimm'd along the watery plain,
With feet unbath'd he fwept the furging main,
Scarce brush'd the furface of the briny dew,
And light along the liquid level flew.
Two other fons of Neptune join'd the hoft,
This from Miletus on th' Ionian coaft,
Erginus nam'd, but that from Samos came,
Juno's lov'd ifle, Ancæus was his name;
Illuftrious chiefs, and both renown'd afar
For the joint arts of failing and of war.
Young Meleager, Eneus' warlike fon,
And fage Laocoon march'd from Calydon.
From the fame father he and Eneus fprung;
But on the breafts of different mothers hung.
Him neus purpos'd with his fon to fend,
A wife companion, and a faithful friend.
Thus to the royal chiefs his name he gave,
And, green in years, was number'd with the brave.
Had he continu'd but one fummer more
A martial pupil on th' Ætolian fhore,
First on the lifts of fame the youth had fhone,
Or own'd fuperior Hercules alane.

220

230

240

His uncle too, well-skill'd the dart to throw,
And in th' embattled plain refift the foe,
Iphiclus, venerable Theftius' fon,
Join'd the young chief and boldly led him on,
The fon of Lernus, Palæmonius, came, 251
Olenian Lernus; but the voice of fame
Whispers that Vulcan was the hero's fire,
And, therefore, limps he like the god of fire.
Of nobler port or valour none could boaft;
He added grace to Jafon's godlike hoft.
From Phocis Ipithus with ardour prefs'd
To join the chiefs; great Jafon was his gueft,
When to the Delphic oracle he went,
Confulting fate, and anxious for th' event. 26
Zetes and Calais of royal race,

Whom Orithy ïa bore in wintry Thrace,
To bluftering Boreas in his airy hall,

Heard fame's loud fummons, and obey'd the call
Erectheus, who th' Athenian fceptre sway'd,
Was parent of the violated maid,

Whom dancing with her mates rude Boreas tole,
Where the fam'd waters of Iliffus roll;
And to his rock-fenc'd Sarpedonian cave
Convey'd her, where Erginus pours his wave: 27
There, circumfus'd in gloom and grateful shade,
The god of tempefts woo'd the gentle maid.
They, when on tip-toe rais'd, in act to fly,
Like the light-pinion'd vagrants of the sky,
Wav'd their dark wings, and, wondrous to behold!
Difplay'd each plume diftinct with drops of gold;
While down their backs, of bright cerulean hue,
Loofe in the wind their wanton treffes flew.
Not long with Pelias young Acaftus ftay'd;
He left his fire to lend the Grecians aid.
Argus, whom Pallas with her gifts infpir'd,
Follow'd his friend, with equal glory fir'd.

Such the compeers of Jafon highly fam'd;
And all these demigods were Minyans nam'd.
The moft illuftrious heroes of the hoft
Their lineage from the feed of Minyas boast:
For Minyas' daughter, Clymena the fair,
Alcmeda, great Jafon's mother bare.

280

When all was furnish'd by the busy band Which veffels deftin'd for the main demand; 29● The heroes from lölcos bent their way To the fam'd port, the Pagafæan bay,

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And deep-environ'd with thick gathering crowds, They fhone like ftars refplendent through the clouds.

Then thus among the rout, with wondering look,, Some fwain furvey'd the bright-arm'd chiefs and fpoke:

Say what can Pelias, mighty Jove, intend,
Far, far from Greece fo great a force to fend!
Sure, fhould Æeta fpurn the fons of Greece,
And to their claims refufe the golden fleece, 300
That felf-fame day fhall fee his palace crown'd
With glittering turrets levell'd to the ground.
But endless toils purfue them as they go,
And fate has mark d their defperate iteps with

'woe.'

Thus, when he faw the delegated bands,
Spoke the rude fwain with heaven-uplifted hands:
The gentler females thus the gods implore,
"Safe may they reach again their native shore:"

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