points of superiority; as, for example, Adam was assaulted by a slight temptation, yielded, and fell, Gen. iii. Christ was tempted by the devil by repeated, vigorous, and well conducted attacks, but resisted and overcame, Matt. iv. 1-11. Luke iv. 1—13. Adam by one offence became guilty of the law, and transmitted his crime and its punishment to all mankind. Christ, by a complete obedience, "magnified the law and made it honourable," Isaiah xlii. 21. and his righteousness, the merit of his obedience and sufferings, are "unto all and upon all them that believe," Rom. iii. 22. In Adam mankind is condemned for one sin; in Christ Jesus justified from many offences. We derive sin and death from Adam, but grace and life from Jesus Christ, Rom. v. 15-19. Adam forfeited for his posterity an earthly paradise, Gen. iii. 22-29. Christ has procured for his spiritual seed a right to the paradise of God, the heavenly city, Rev. li. 7. xxii. 1-3, 14, 17.

Q. To whom do you next refer as a type of Christ?

A. To Abel; for if not expressly asserted in Scripture, there are several passages from which It is generally and fairly inferred, as well as from many striking points of resemblance which may be mentioned.

Q. To what Scriptures do you refer?

A. Chiefly to Heb. xii. 24. where it is said, "The blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel;" and Matt. xxiii. 35, 36. Luke xi. 51. The first of these passages

seenis to institute a comparison of the blood of Christ and that of Abel, and assert the infinite superiority of the former; and the latter passages seem to intimate, that all the ancient martyrs were in some sense types of Christ, and that the men of that generation, by rejecting and slaying the antitype, consented to the crimes of their fathers, and brought upon themselves the guilt, not only of the blood which they literally shed, but also of all that by which it had been typified.

Q. But has it not been supposed that the comparison instituted is between the blood of Abel's sacrifice (not his own) and that of Christ?

A. It has; but the general sentiment has been that it extends to both; and that it intends Abel's own blood, will appear by comparing the passage with that referred to in the margin, Gen. iv. 10.

Q. What particular instances of conformity do you discover between the character of Abel and that of Christ?

A. Abel was a keeper of sheep, Gen. iv. 2. Jesus saith, "I am the good Shepherd, &c." John x. 11, 14. "Abel brought of the firstlings of the flock an offering unto the Lord," Gen. iv. 4. Christ" through the 'eternal Spirit offered himself unto God," Heb. ix. 14. "A lamb without blemish and without spot," 1 Pet. i. 19. Abel's days were cut short by the hands of violence; "Messiah the Prince was cut off, but not for himself," Dan ix. 26. Abel was hated and slain and "wherefore slew he him? because his own works were evil, and his

by his own brother,

brother's righteous," I John iii. 12.

"Christ did

no sin, neither was guile found in his mouth,"

despised and rejected John i. 11. vii. 5. xiii.

1 Pet. ii. 22. yet was he of his own, Isaiah liii. 3. 18. Abel's blood cried unto God from the ground for vengeance on him who shed it, Gen. iv. 10. Christ's blood has rested, and still rests, with an awful weight on those who rejected it as an atonement, and called down its curse on themselves and their children, Matt. xxvii. 25. But Christ's blood " speaketh better things than the blood of Abel," in that Abel's only spoke for justice and vengeance, but Christ's for pardon and grace; and applied by faith it procured the pardon of many of those who had actually shed it, Acts ii. 22, 23, 37-39. Abel's blood could not atone for his own sin; but the blood of Christ cleanseth Abel, and every believer, from all sin, 1 John i. 7.

Q. Who is the next eminently typical character mentioned in the Bible?

A. Noah; whose very name, signifying comfort, rest, peace, is most eminently verified in the character of the Saviour, "who is our peace," Eph. ii. 14. of whom it was predicted, that he "should know how to speak a word in season to him that is weary," Isa. 1. 4. " that he should preach glad tidings to the meek, and bind up the broken-hearted Isa. lxi. 1. and who thus invited," Come unto me, all ye that are weary and heavy laden, and I will give you rest," Matt. xi. 28.

Q. Can you not also refer to some particulars

in Noah's life and character wherein he is typical of Christ?

A. Yes: 1. As a preacher of righteousness and faithful monitor to the ungodly; compare 2 Pet. ii. 5. 1 Pet. iii. 19, 20. with Psalm xl. 9.

2. As Noah prepared the ark for the preserva tion of all those who were saved, when the world of the ungodly perished; so in Christ alone, the true Ark, there is safety for perishing sinners; his church is within the ark, and therefore safe, but all without will be swept by the deluge of divine vengeance into destruction, Gen. vi. 13, 14, 22. vii. 1. Heb. xi. 7. 2 Pet. ii. 5. Acts iv. 12. Isaiah xxxii. 2.

3. As Noah was at the head of the little band wonderfully redeemed from temporal destruction, 2 Pet. ii. 5. Gen. ix. 18, 19. so Christ is the head of all the redeemed church of God; "of him the whole family in heaven and earth is named," Ephes. iii. 15. Heb. ii. 13.

4. God entered into a covenant with Noah and with all flesh in him, the fulfilment of which will extend to the latest period of time, (Gen. viii. 22. ix. 8-17.) which is typical of the covenant made with Christ as the Head of his church, which involves the security of every individual believer through time and eternity, Isa. liv. 5-10.

5. The old world, purified by the waters of a flood, was delivered to Noah and to his posterity for a possession, (Gen. ix. 7.) and from the world that is purified by fire, "we according to his promise look for new heavens and a new

earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness," 2 Pet. iii. 13. Rev. xxi. 1, 5. John xiv. 2, 3. We pass on now to Abraham.

Q. What particulars have you to point out in his history as typical of the Messiah?

A. Abraham, at the call of God, left his country, his father's house, Gen. xii. 1—4. Jesus in the fulness of time left the glories of the heavenly world, and came to reside on earth, living here as a stranger and pilgrim, John i. 1-3, 14. Abraham, in the land which was his own by gift and promise, had no fixed residence, Acts vii. 5. Heb. xi. 9. Jesus, the heir of all things, who made the worlds, Heb. i. 2. had not on earth so much as a place to lay his head, Luke ix. 58. Abraham was called the friend of God, and to him God communicated his purposes of mercy and judgment, Gen. xii. 3. xv. 13-16. xviii. 17-33. Jesus, "the only-begotten Son, who is in the bosom of the Father," who intimately knows the mind of the Lord," he hath declared him," John i. 18. 1 Cor. ii. 16. Το Abraham was especially promised a numerous posterity, Gen. xiii. 16. xv. 5. So also to the Messiah was promised a numerous spiritual posterity, Ps. xxii. 30. cx. 3. Isaiah liii. 10, 11. With Abraham, God established a political covenant, which secured to his family the possession of Canaan, and all the temporal and spiritual blessings of a transitory and preparatory dispensation, Gen. xii. 2, 3. xiii. 14—17. xvii. 6--8. By the covenant of redemption established with Jesus the Mediator, the kingdom