path, and poffibly an unacceptable one to fome. As for all thofe interpretations that are befide the allegory, you know I have already waved them, and therefore fhall not fo much as mention them in this verfe, nor in the whole enfuing difcourfe. As for thofe that fay, the fun, and the light, the moon, and the stars, fignify the several ages that man must pass through, as was before hinted; they make this allegory, not fo much a description of old age, as of the way to it, and therefore are not to be admitted: forafmuch as this is the defcription of compleat and perfected decrepit age, as you have already heard. There are that take these Juminaries abfolutely literally, for the several heavenly bodies as they stand fixed in their orbs, and differing from one another in glory. But unto man in this state they are not really darkened, for as they communicate of their light and influence equally both to the good and bad, to the just and unjuft; fo alfo, to the young and old, to the ftrong man, and to the feeble, by reafon of his age. And then it must of neceffity be underderstood, per hypallagen, only that they appear fo to them, by reason of their inability to receive their light, and by reafon of the weakness and dimnefs of their outward fenfe. And fo this opinion will in effect coincide with the following, which is indeed most confiderable. And that is, that these lights are metaphorically here expreffed, and do principally allude to the lights of the tody

body. And this interpretation doth principally and primarily arise and take its authority from the Chaldee paraphrafe; which is by interpretation as followeth Antequam mutetur fplendor gloriæ faciei tuæ qui affimilatur foli, & lumen oculorum tuorum antequam obcæcetur, & decor maxillarum tuarum antequam obtenebrefcetur, & pupilla oculorum tuorum qui assimilantur ftellis antequam extinguentur. And after this, men of very great names have walked in the same steps. But as moft other interpreters seem to strain the metaphor too far, and carry it beyond the fignification of the natural parts of man; so these seem to me to draw it too straight, while they keep it within the compass of the external parts of the body. And so much the rather, because by this expofition is intimated only the change of the countenance towards deformity, which is fufficiently elsewhere expreffed, as you will hear anon; and the dimness of the fight, which is far more plainly expreffed in the latter end of the third verfe, nemine contradicente. And that in this brief description the wife man should tautologize, is not to be supposed. On the other hand, it is not to be imagined, that any infirmities appertaining to this state, especially thofe of the mind, which are the greatest of all, should be neglected herein.

Omni membrorum damno major dementia.

Now as Dalilah said to Samfon, Thou haft mocked me these three times, and haft not told me where

in thy great strength lieth, Judges xvi. 17. fo might it be faid of Solomon, if he should take upon him to describe any thing, and do it but in part, and so deceitfully, that he should neglect the principal part, wherein the great strength lieth; but I am otherwise perfuaded; that he hath here told us all his heart, and that there is no remarkable infirmity, either of body or mind, that belongs to age, which is not contained in this allegory. Now forafmuch as all the symptoms in the four following verses belong properly to the parts of the body, as you fhall hear, I take this verse to be a description of the infirmities of the internal powers of the foul; and why most divines do on fet purpose avoid this interpretation, which is so plain and obvious in this place, I cannot tell, unless it be because they are so much taken up with the contemplation of the foul of man, that they forget it hath any thing at all to do with the body. There is a vaft difference between the foul of man as it is in its united state, and as it is in its state of feparation. It is not fent from heaven into the body as an affiftant only, or like fome tutelar angel, with commission and full power to guard, protect, and counsel that person, towards which it is for a season the deputed minifter. For if so only, then it might recount and tell us, how curiofly it wrought for us in the lower parts of the earth, and what wonderful ideas it had before it, to have done further

ΤΟ

for us in that darksom region, had we been capable to receive them; yea, then it might accompany us beyond our pilgrimage, remaining in the body even after diffolution, and taking care for our burials.

But the cafe is far otherwife, it is fent to inform the matter, and together with it to make up one compofitum, the man being not the one, nor the other; but most properly that which doth arise from the perfect union of them both; and whatsoever is predicable of the whole, is predicable of the parts united; whatsoever may be said of the man, may be faid of the body and foul united; and as they are throughly joined together, so they do intimately participate one with another, they are cleansed, they are defiled together; they are bound, they are loofed together; they are well, they are ill together: If the flesh upon him have pain, the foul within him fhall mourn, Job xiv. 22. they grow up together, they stand together, they de cay together. How often are perfons in scripture faid to grow both in mind and body, and eminently concerning our Lord, which is instar omnium; he encreased in wisdom, in ftature, in favour both with God and man, Luke ii. 52. The foul is as weak as the body, both at first and laft; fenes bis pueri, is a known maxim, and daily experienced; and by all men understood of the feeble understanding. Anima comes into the world, tanquam rafa tabula; and it goes

out

but tanquam derafa. The foul appears at the first as an unwritten table-book, and when it disappears at the laft, it becomes blank as it was before. Job's pious and patient exclamation, Naked came I out of my mother's womb, and naked muft I return, Job i. 21. may be well extended to a separation, not only from the goods of the body, and estate, but from those also of the mind; which hath nothing at best, but the beginning and ground-work whereof, at the leaft, is picked up from the communication of the outward fenfes, and when thofe publick intelligencers fail, fo alfo doth this their Lord and master. And therefore by the fun, light, moon, and stars being darkened, we do positively affert to be meant, the most inward powers of the mind, in this state do, together with the outward members of the body, weaken and decay.

But it may be here faid, is the whole inward man liable to this decay? Is there not fomething in man, while in this ftate, altogether independent of the body? and perfectly free from the frailties of age? Doth not the scripture in many places seem to speak of renewed strength in this state of weakness, and plainly prove, that while the outward man decays, the inwara man may be renewed day by day? 2 Cor. iv. 16. For the right understanding of this, and feveral fuch places as thefe are, we must of neceffity diftinguish of the inward man. There is the C

inward