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hydraulic cranes, of powers up to 6 tons, and one hoist to load 100 tons per hour. One 25 ton steam crane. LV. 1,800 tons reg.

Charges.-Buoy and light dues id to 3d per ton. Ballast 6d per ton inwards; 1/6 per ton outwards. Dock rites 3d per ton coasting; 5d per ton foreign.

Pilotage. District. NC. In the English Channel of the Solway Firth between the anchorage ground off the harb. of Maryport and the entrance of Port Silloth, and Annan Water Foot, from the Firth. Rates. From anchorage grounds off the harb. of Maryport to Silloth or vice versa. Foreign Ports (compulsory).-Vessels to and from foreign ports 5/ per ft; coasters, 8ft draught and under, 35/per vessel; do. over 8ft, 4/6 per ft. From anchorage off Maryport to Annan Water Foot from Solway Firth and vice versa, from foreign ports, 7/6 per ft; coasters under 8ft dft. 52/ per vessel, above 7/ per ft. Silloth to Annan and vice versa, 4 per ft.

Towage.-Coasting vessels outwards or inwards between the end of jetty and Lee Scar Lighthouse, into or out of dock:-Under 72 reg, tons 3 each; above 72 reg. tons d ton; vessels bound to or from foreign ports, above 72 reg. tonnage id ton. Coasting vessels outwards and inwards, between Lee Scar Lighthouse and A4 Buoy (2 miles) into or out of dock :-- Under 72 reg. tons 6/ each; above 72 reg. tons id ton. Vessels bound to or from foreign ports, above 72 reg. tonnage 2d. Coasting vessels outwards from the dock to the lightship: -Vessels of 72 reg. tons and upwards 2d; or when there is more than one vessel of that tonnage on same tide each 14d; vessels under 72 reg. tons each 12/; or when more than one vessel under 72 tons same tide 9/. Distances beyond lightship, places not named and foreign-going vessels by agreement. Officials.--Gen. Man. N. B. Ry., W. F. Jackson, Edinburgh; Engineer, D. L. Anderson, C. E., Carlisle; Harb. and Dock Master; George Irving; Cust. Officer, A. G. Condon; Supt. Lights and Buoys. Geo. Irving; Traffic Agent, D. McCallum.

Hotels."Queen's," "Solway," "Waverley," "Royal," and

"Criffel."

SKATEROW, near Berwick. D. HWST, 5ft, dry at LW. En. 35ft wide.

SKERRIES, Co. Dublin, Ireland. Lat. 53° 35′ 20′′ N ; long. 6° 6' 20" W. Ry. GN. of Ireland. THW. f. and c. 11h om. Auth. The Dublin Port and Docks Board under a Provisional Order and Acts of 1861 and 1877. A small har. dry at LW., used by vessels of up to 250 tons and drawing 12ft Quayage 400ft. A lifeboat station.

Official.-Secretary, N. Proud; Harb. Master, S. Evans.

SKIBBEREEN, Co. Cork, Ireland, situated on the Ilen. Lat. 51° 34' N; long. 9° 15′ W. Auth. Harb. Commissioners (see Baltimore). Nearest station, Dunmanway, on the W. Cork Ry. (16m). A small harb.; the best entrance is through Baltimore Harb. Channel.

SKIPNESS, Cantire, Argyllshire.

Auth. Owner R. C. Graham of Skipness. Accn. An iron pier with D. of 8ft at LWST. Official. --Pier Master, Alexander Thomson. SKIPPOOL, Lancaster. Creek of Fleetwood. D. HWST. 15ft.

HWNT. Joft,

SLIGO, Sligo, on the Garvogue, 5 miles from the outer roads. Lat. 54° 16′ N; long. 8° 28′ W. Pop. 10,764. Auth. Harbour Commissioners, under Sligo Harbour Acts. P. C. THW. f. and c. 5h 45m; Sp. rise 11ft; N. rise 8ft from LW. Springs. D. on outer bar at LW. 16ft; inner, 14 ft. W. prev. SW. Rys. M.G. W., S. L. & N., G. S. & W. Ry. Tr.-General. LV. Vessels of 2,223 reg. tons and 214ft dft. have entered harb. at HW. Accn. Good and safe channel up to quays. The ballast quay is about 2,000ft long, with a depth of water alongside at LWÖST. of 7ft. Deep water berths Sooft, with depth of water 18't. Depth up to upper quays, at ST. 17ft, NT. 13ft; to deep water berths, ST. 221t, NT. 17ft. Hand cranes. Tramway to deep water berth, connected with railways lines.

Charges. Harb. dues 6d ton on rateable or reg. tonnage according to the Act, tonnage coasting vessels, and 1 per ton all oversea vessels. Ballast 1 to 26 ton. Mooring buoys, if used, 3d per ton rateable or reg. Channel lights. d per ton.

Pilotage. District. From Wheaten Rock to Quays. Rates. Outwards: From any place to sea, April 1 to Sept. 30, 2/; Oct. 1 to Mar. 31, 2/6. Inwards: From April 1 to Sept. 30, 2/6 foot; from Oct. I to Mar. 31, 3 foot. Sea pilots board at Wheat Rock, and change of pilots takes place at Bungar, where river pilot takes charge. Outwards: River pilots take vessels to sea.

Towage.-5d per reg. ton in, and 3d out.

Officials.-Sec. and Coll. of Harb. dues, T J. Mercer; Harb. Master, Capt. J. Keeble; Engineer, Wm. Lalor, C. E. Hotels." Victoria" and "Imperial."

SOLVA QUAY. Trinity Quay is the only quay at Solva, a wellknown harbour of refuge in St. Bride's Bay. Tr.-I. Coal, culme, and general goods; E. Grain occasionally. D. at quay 14ft OST. There are two commodious storehouses and a weighing machine house. Solva is seven miles from Porthgain. Solva and Porthgain possess the only landing quays between Fishguard and Milford, and are most valuable coaling and trade depôts. Steam communication to and from Bristol fortnightly for general goods. Pilots always on the look-out.

Charges. Harb. free; quay dues, if used. Loading and unloading per contract. Official.-Harb. Master, W. M. Thomas. SOUTH ALLOA, River Forth, Scotland. Wharf belonging to Cal. Ry. Co., for landing coals and timber.

SOUTHAMPTON, Hampshire. On Southampton Water. Lat. 50° 54' N ; long. 1° 24′ W. Pop. 109,000. Auth. The Southampton Harbour Board. The Southampton Docks, 78 miles from London. owned and managed by the London and South Western Railway Company, are situated within a per fectly sheltered harbour (one of the best lighted in the kingdom, making the docks as accessible by night as by day), and have the unusual natural advantage of double tides, with practically four hours of HW. every tide, thus affording unrivalled acconimodation for the largest steamers afloat, or now being built. The first high-water at the full and change of the moon is at 10h 30m, the second high-water at 12h 45m, and low water at 4h. To ships

using the graving docks this double tide is very advantageous, as the water remains nearly stationary for a considerable time; thus, with out risk, allowing vessels to come out of the dock, and others to enter, without losing a tide. The Empress Dock (184 acres) has an entrance 165 ft wide, with a minimum depth of 26 ft at LW., and it is the only dock in Great Britain where deep water loading and discharging berths can be reached by the largest vessels at any time of the day or night, irrespective of the state of the tide. There is also an Outer Dock of 16 acres and an Inner Dock of 10 acres. The quays at present complete equal 15,000 lineal feet. The New Quay Extensions in the Rivers Itchen and Test are now completed. The Prince of Wales Quay, 2,000ft long, the South Quay, 430ft, and the Test Quay, 1,500ft long, are all accessible at any time of the day or night, entirely irrespective of the state of the tide. The new Itchen (or Prince of Wales) Quay has for some time been extensively used for the arrivals and departures of the "Union,' ,""Castle," and "North German Lloyd' and other liners, and the company have here erected double-storied sheds of the most modern designs. There is a minimum depth of 28ft at LW. of OST, at Prince of Wales and South quay, and of 32ft LWOST at Test Quay. The new graving dock was completed and opened on the 3rd of August, 1895, by H.R.H. The Prince of Wales, and named by him "The Prince of Wales Dock." This is the deepest single graving dock in the world, being 750ft long by 874ft wide at sill and 112ft at cope level, and it is possible to lengthen it to 1,000 ft, should the size of vessels ever demand it in the future. Besides this, there are four other large dry docks varying in length from 280ft to 520ft, and a dry dock, nearly finished, 86oft long, same breadth as Prince of Wales dry dock, but deeper. There are in the various docks spacious transit sheds for the reception of import and export cargoes; and bonded and free warehouses for the storage of every description of merchandise, including tobacco, cigars, &c.; a'sɔ commodious vaults and stores for the housing of wines and spirits under bond, with every facility for bottling. There are no finer nor drier vaults in the kingdom. There are 200,000 square ft of specially constructed shedding for wood goods. Special facilities have been provided for the grain trade, there being several large warehouses (capacity 2,300,000 bushels), fitted with the most modern machinery, capable of dealing with 200 tons of grain per hour, either from ship, lighter, or railway truck. Spacious Coal Barge Docks have been constructed on the Itchen, for the purpose of storing coal in lighters for the bunkering cf outgoing line steamers. These docks are capable of floating 14,000 tons of bunker coal at one time. Two coal jetties with four hydraulic or steam transporters. Foreign animals' wharves, abattoirs, &c. The position of Southampton as a point for the importation and distribution of all kinds of foreign and colonial produce, and for the ocean steam trade generally, is unequalled, and every accommodation is offered to shipowners or companies organising steamship lines having Scuthampton for their point of arrival and departure. There is a complete system of hydraulic and electric power (sheers, cranes, hoists, elevators, capstans, &c., &c.), with lifting power varying from one to twenty tons; and also steam sheers to lift up to eighty tons; the whole of the dock quays, sheds, and approaches are

SHIPPING WORLD

lighted by electricity; and a channel from the sea to the docks has been dredged to a depth of 30 ft at LW. Railways of some 25 miles extend to all the quays and into and alongside each warehouse, and railway trucks pass direct to every railway in the kingdom. Special trains from and to Waterloo station (London) run directly to and from alongside the mail or passenger steamers, on days of arrival and departure, the journey occupying about an hour and three quarters, passengers thus saving the inconvenience and exposure of transfer by cabs and tenders.

There are also the Town Quays, which are the property of the Southampton Harbour Board. The Town Quays have a frontage of 4,500ft, are lit with the electric light, and powerful and fast-working electric cranes are provided for discharging cargoes. Berths of 60oft in length, and ample warehouse accommodation, with 20ft of water at LWOST. The quayage space is 260,000ft super, and there is also a pier, the largest on the South Coast, which was inaugurated by H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught, on June 2, 1892. P. C. THW. 10h 30m, oh 45m; Sp. rise 13 ft; N. rise 9ft. W. prev. SW.; owing to the land-locked nature of the harb. no winds are specially dangerous. Tr.-I. Coffee, cocoa, wine, tobacco, timber, grain, and all kinds of foreign and colonial produce; E. Machinery, hardware, and manufactured goods. LV. using the Town Quay the Atlantic 22ft dft. Many large steamers do not go into the docks, but land their passengers, mails, and specie there by tender after discharg. ing in the harbour. Traffic at Royal Pier is mainly I. of W. passenger traffic.

Charges,-Harb. dues id per ton. Boomage 1/6 to:5/, according to size; harbour lights, 1/ to 5/. Wharfage various. Mooring dues id. Pier dues Id. per ton. Yachts at mooring barge 2d per

ton.

Towage. By the Southampton, Isle of Wight and South of England Royal Mail Steam Packet Co., Ltd. Offices: Canuteroad, Docks, Southampton.

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All vessels light or in ballast, 5/ less than the above charges.

RULES.-The Rates are charged on the British Register tonnage and include the use of one tug for towing vessels. A further charge is made for an extra tug. Steamers and yachts towed by agreement. Vessels in the foreign trade Id. per Customs' Register on more than coasting vessels. Over 300 tons, d. If tonnage is higher than specified in tables, towage charged on next higher rate.

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Pilotage. District. From a line drawn from Lepe Buoy to Lee Point, to all ports and places within the Southampton Water, and from all ports and places within the Southampton Water Rates per foot. From any place within a line drawn from Lepe Buoy to Lee Point to Southampton, Hamble, or Bursledon :-17ft dft. and under, 1/6, above 17ft and not ex. 20ft, 2/6, above 20ft, 3/6; from any place within a line drawn from Lepe Buoy to Lee

to sea.

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