POSTAL INFORMATION.

LETTER POST.-Letters to any part of the United Kingdom (the Channel Islands included), if not exceeding 4 oz., are charged id, and d for every additional 2 oz. or fra tion of 2 oz. An inland letter must not exceed 24 in. in length, or 12 in. in width or depth, except it be sent to or from a Government Office. A letter addressed to a provincial post office to be called for is kept a month; if addressed to a person on board a ship expected to arrive there it is kept two months. Unstamped or unpaid letters are charged double postage on delivery. Letters between the United Kingdom and her Colonies, except Australia and Rhodesia, are charged id per oz. Letters to Australia, Rhodesia, and all Foreign Countries are 24d per oz. No letter for a Colony or Foreign Country may exceed 2 ft. in length or 1 ft. in width or depth. The Registration Fee for Inland and Foreign letters is 2d. The postage on letters addressed to H.M. ships abroad is id per oz.

BOOK AND NEWSPAPER POST.-A book packet may be sent to any part of the United Kingdom at a rate of d. for every 2 oz. or part of 2 oz. a registered Newspaper, or Newspaper and Supplement d; a private Card d. No book or newspaper packet may exceed 24 in. in length or 12 in. in width or depth. Ordinary circulars, &c., prepaid a halfpenny only, will not be returned to the sender unless he express on the outside a desire to have it returned upon payment of second postage. Newspapers, books, and printed papers may be sent to a Colony or Foreign Country, at a uniform rate of d per 2 oz.

PARCEL POST.--For an Inland Postal Parcel of a weight or-not exceeding 1 lb. 3d, 2 lb. 4d, 3 lb. 5d, 4 lb. 6d, 5 lb. 7d, 6 lb. 3d, 7 lb. 9d, 8 lb. rod, 9 lb. rd, 1 lb. is od, to be prepaid in ordinary postage stamps. The dimensions allowed are: Maximum length 3ft 6in, maximum length and girth combined 6ft. No parcel may exceed 11 lb. in weight. The rates of postage on parcels to Colonies and Foreign Countries vary (see page 6).

PATTERN AND SAMPLE POST (FOREIGN).—The Sample Post to Foreign Countries and the Colonies is restricted to bona fide trade patterns or samples of merchandise, and natural history specimens sent for no commercial purpose. Packets containing goods for sale, or articles from one private individual to another cannot be forwarded. A sample for a British Colony may weigh up to 5 lb., but must not exceed 2ft long by 1ft in width or depth. For Foreig Countries these limits vary. The postage is d per 2 oz., with a minimum charge of id.

TELEGRAPHIC AND CABLE RATES.-Throughout United Kingdom 6d for 12 words, including the address; 4d for every additional word. From January 1st, 1905, messages to ships at sea by wireless telegraphy may be sent at old. a word, with a minimum charge of 6s. 6d. (For Cable Rates, see page 6.)

MONEY AND POSTAL ORDERS.--Sums not exceeding £10 can be remitted by Money Order, such Orders to be presented for payment within 12 months. Postal Orders, payable within 3 months, are issued for every 6d up to 20s, and for 21s. They are issued and payable at any place in the United Kingdom, and at Antigua, Ascension, Barbados, British Honduras, Constantinople, Dominica, Gambia, Gibraltar, The Agency at Tangier, The Gold Coast, Grenada, Hongkong, The Agencies in China, Jamaica, Malta, Montserrat, Nevis, Newfoundland, New Zealand, Salonika, Sierra Leone, Smyrna, St. Helena, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, The Straits Settlements, The Virgin Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands.

TELEGRAPH MONEY ORDERS.-Money can be wired between all post offices in the United Kingdom authorised to transact Telegraph and Money Order business, in sums not exceeding 10, on payment of cost of Telegram (minimum 6d), and the following commission:-For sums not exceeding £3, 4d; above £3 and not exceeding Lio, 6d. Telegraph Money Orders are exchanged with certain Foreign Countries at the rate of Foreign Money Orders and cost of Telegram.

FOREIGN MAILS, PARCELS POST AND CABLEGRAMS. No Colonial or Foreign letter to exceed 2 feet in length, or 1 foot in width or depth.

Argentine Republic

Austria

FOREIGN MONEYS,

AND THEIR VALUES IN ENGLISH AND UNITED STATES

MONEY.

Belgium Bolivia

Brazil

British Possessions in

North America Central America. Chili

China

Cuba

Denmark

Country.

Ecuador.
Egypt

France

Great Britain

Greece

German Empire.

Havti..

India

Italy
Jamaica

Japan

Liberia

Mexico.

Netherlands
Norway

Paraguay...
Peru

Porto Rico
Portugal
Russia

Sandwich Islands

Spain.

Sweden

Switzerland

Tripoli

Tunis

Turkey

United States of Co

lombia

Uruguay
Venezuela.

15
171

20

1,000 reis
Dollar.......
Peso or Dollar
Peso or Dollar
Tael of to tisin

Peso or Dollar
Crown or Kroner of

100 ore

Peso or Dollar
Pound of 100 piasters,
Gold

Silver

Silver

Silver

Gold and Silver. Lira ..
Gold

Pound Sterling, Gold
of 20 shillings
Gold and Silver. Yen of 100 sen....
Gold
Dollar...
Dollar or Peso of
8 reals.

Silver

O

Gold and Silver. Florin of 100 cents ... O
Gold
Crown or Kroner of

Rupee of 16 annas

s. d.

12 is 26 in a £.

of

100 ore

Peso or Dollar

Sol of 10 reals

O

Silver

Gold

O

Peso or Dollar
Milreis of 1,000 reis.. o
Rouble of 100 copecks o
Dollar....
Gold and Silver. Peseta of 100 centimes o
Gold
Crown or Kroner of
of 100 ore
Gold and Silver. Franc
Silver

Silver

Gold

Silver

Gold

O Gold and Silver. Dollar.

3 O

3

6

4 O

Value in
English U.S.
Money.

s. d. $. cts.

Pound Sterling, Gold
of 20 shillings I O 0486'65
Drachma of 100 lepti. o
Mark
Dollar

0 91

O

I O

O

O

4 2 I 00'00

O 2 3

O

4 2

0

3 11

94'0 3 11 94'0

O

O

6 6

1 57'0

O

4

2

1 00'00

I 1

3 11

10 I 14
O O 91
Mahbub of 20 piasters o
Piaster of 16 caroubs. o
Piaster, 2d. Copper 20
piaster piece Silver o
Peso or Dollar of 100
cents
Patacon

3

.... O
O

Ι O

O 4

O

4

I O 6 4.97'4 0 94

O

19.30

4

I

Value in

The above are Silver Coins (except where otherwise stated), and are the par value of the country. The rate of exchange depends upon the market price of Silver, which in the above table is taken at 50 pen e to the Dollar or ounce.

DISCOUNT PER CENT.

1

49'5 40'20

94'0

5425

I 00'00

4 2 I 00'00

I 101

44'5 0 94 19°30

4 2
O 6

5

6

7

27'0 94'0

0486'65

2 I co'oo

2 I 00'00

O I

1427°0

O

4 2 1 00'00

O 3 11 I 94'0
4 2 100'00
4 5 I 08.0
3 2 76'0
4 2 I 00'00
19'30

0 94

7

2 I 00'00

81

40'20

19'30 24'0

27'0 19 30 I 00'00 12'0

86'0

4 2 'I 00'00

3 11 1

94'00 0 4 2 1 00'00

s. d.

22 is 4 6 in

25

O

30

O

35

SHIPPING WORLD

BRITISH WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

One standard Measure, that of Winchester, was established for England by King Edgar; and Magna Charta provided for one Weight for the country. Both decrees proved dead letters. Since 1826 a uniform system of Weights and Measures has been provided. A new Act was passed 8th Aug., 1878. See also Acts 26th July, 1889; 29th June, 1893; and Metrical System Act, 1897. Local customs often dely the law. AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT.

Drachm....dr.=273 grains (27°34375).
Ounce......oz. 16 dr., 437'5 grains.
Pound....lb. 16 oz., 256 dr., 7,000 gr.
Customary Stone, st., Butcher's Meat
= 8 lbs,
Legal stone. .st., Horseman's weight
=14 lbs.

Quarter....qr.=28 lbs.
Cental or Quintal, cent.=100 lbs.
Hundredweight, cwt.4 qrs. = 112 lbs.
Ton ....... T. 20 cwt. 2,240 lbs.

For countries using Metrical system, &c., see pages 10 and 11.

Quart
Pottle

Gallon

Peck

Bushel

............

Strike ..........................
Coomb..

Quarter
Load

..................

DRY OR CORN MEASURE.
2 Pints.
................. 2 Quarts.
4 Quarts.
................................... 2 Gallons.
Pecks.
4
2 Bushels.
= 4 Bushels.

Last

8 Bushels = 5 Quarters. 10 Quarters. Boll of Meal 140 lbs.; 2 Bolls -- 1 Sack. Cereals are generally sold by weight. 1 Bushel of Wheat, English, 63 lbs. ; Foreign, 62 lbs.

Do. Barley, English, 52 and 56 lbs. ; French, 524 lbs. ; Mediterranean, 50 lbs.

lbs. ;

Inch
Foot
Yard
Fathom

...

Firkin or Quarter Barrel..
Anker (ro gallons)
Kilderkin, Rundlet
Half Barrel
18 72 144
Barrel
36 144 288
Tierce (42 gallons)
42 168 336
Hogshead of Ale(1) barrel) 54 216 432
Puncheon
72 288 576
Butt of Ale (3 barrels)....108 432 864
Gallons, quarts, pints, &c., are the
real measures of commerce; the others
are nominal and approximate; six
nominal quart bottles go to the gallon
Pipe of Port or Masdeu....=115 gals.
Teneriffe
Marsala

11
33
33

"9 " 39 "1

..........=100
..= 93
Madeira and Cape..= 92
Sherry and Tent ..=108
Butt of Lisbon and Bucellas 117 "
Aum of Hock and Rhenish.= 30"
Hogshead of Claret, 46; Port, 57;
Sherry, 54: Madeira, 46 gal'ons.
In some of the United States the old
"Winchester wine gallon of 231
cubic inches is in use (instead of
277 274 cubic inches).

Do. Oats, English, 40 and
Foreign, 38 and 40 lbs.

""

Do. Rye and Maize, 60 lbs.
Do. Buckwheat, 52 lbs.

COMPARISON OF BRITISH IMPERIAL WITH METRICAL
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

English. MEASURES OF LENGTH.

Millimètre
Centimètre
Décimètre

.....

2'539954 cntmtrs. 3'047950 dcimtrs. O'91438325 mètre 182876696 mètre Pole 5'02911 mètres. Furlong 201 16437 mètres. Mile =1609'3146 mètres. Nautical Mile 1855'020.

42

SUPERFICIAL Sq. in.=0'000645125 sq. mètre. Sq. ft. 00928980 sq. mètre. Sq.yd. 0.836082 sq. mètre. 25'291480 sq. mètres. 10116750 ares.

Rod

Rood

CUBIC OR SOLID MEASURE. Cubic Foot..=1,728 cubic inches. Cubic Yard..=27 cubic ft., 21033 bushStack of Wood 108 cubic feet. ShippingTon=40 cubic ft. merchandise Shipping Ton=42 cubic ft. of Timber. Ton of displacement of a Ship=35 c. ft. LIQUID MEASURE. Gill..8665 cubic inches.

Pint.. 4 gills or 34'660 cubic inches.
Quart. 2 pints=8 gills.
Gallon 4 quarts=32 gills.

=

French.

Mètre

O'03937 inch. 0'393708 inch. 3937079 inchs 39'37079 inches 3'2808992 feet 1093633 yard Kilomètre 1093 633 yards. Myriamètre= Noeud MEASURES. Acre Sq. mètre Are Hectare

6.2138 miles. Eng. nautical mile.

=

Gals.Qts.Pts. 9 36 72 10 40 80

=

or

0'404671 hectare. 1196033 sq. yard. o'098845 rood. 2'471143 acres.

TRIESTE.-3 Stojas = 1 Quarter.
BELGIUM.

ANTWERP.-Grain Sold by weight-1,016 |
Kilos 2,240 Lbs.
DENMARK.

112 Lbs. (Cwt.)= 50 8-10th Kilogrammes; 100 Litres = 1 Hectolitre; z Hectolitres 88 Litres =1Qr.; 361 Litres = 1 Bushel; English Ton=1015 Kilogrammes. GERMANY.

I

BREMEN HANOVER. 10 Scheffels=1
Whisp; 2 Whisps=1 Last; 1 Last = 10%
Quarters Wheat; 10 Quarters Barley.
HAMBURG. Last of Wheat, Pease,
Beans = 10 Quarters; Barley=10
Quarters; Oats = 10 Quarters.
HOLLAND.

Gramme

ROTTERDAM.-1 Last = 104 Quarters
Wheat and Rye; 10 Quarters Barley;
and 104 Quarters Oats
GRONINGEN.1 Last 10 Quarters Oats,

ITALY.
ANCONA.-104) Rubbeu = 100 Quarters.
GENOA.-2 Mini Quarter.

Some calculate 245 Minas, and some
248 Minas 100 Quarters.
MILAN-VENICE.-3 Staja=1 Quarter.
NAPLES.-5 3-5th Tomoli=1 Quarter.
LEGHORN.-4 Sacchi = 1 Quarter

=

Kilogrm.

Myriagramme
or 10 kilos ===
Quintal or
100 kilos
Tonneau or
Millier == €1000
kilos

CAPACITY.

=

{

=

CORN MEASURES OF DIFFERENT PORTS,
With their Appropriate Equivalent in English Quarters.
AUSTRIA.

0.643 dwts. 154330 troy grns. 2'679 troy lbs. 2'20462 avoirdupois lbs.

22.0462125 lbs

220.462125,,

0'9842059 of

a ton.

Litre

Décalitre
Hectolitre
Kiliolitre

22'0215 gallons.

220*215 gallons. Myrialitre 2202'15 gallons.

1'760773 pint. 0'220 gallon. 220215 gallons

& Scheffels = 1 Toende or Tun; 21 Tuns=
10 Quarters.
**Some calculate 208 Tuns = 100 Qrs. for
Wheat,and 210 Tuns = 100 Qrs.for Opts.
EGYPT.
ALEXANDRIA-100 Ardebs of Wheat, &c.

FRANCE.

=68 Qrs.; 100 Ardebs of Beans=65Qrs. ANCLAM-BARTH-WOLGAST-STRAL SUND.-1 Last=133 Quarters. BERLIN AND STETTIN.- Last=13 1-12th Quarters. WISMAR.-1 Last 13, or sometimes 13 Quarters. RUSSIA.

MALTA. 101 Salma = 100 Quarters.

Some take 102 Salma = 100 Quarter MOLDAVIA. GALATZ.-100 Kilos = 154 Quarters. PORTUGAL. 17 Alquieres = 1 Quarter. 1 Moio 2 Quarters. PRUSSIA.

DANZIG-MEMEL- KÖNIGSBERG PIL LAU.-56 Scheffels=1 Last; 1 Last= 104 Quarters.

PETERSBURG-ODESSA RIGA.-2 Os min=1 Chetwert; 100 Chetwerts=72'15 Quarters.

SEA OF AZOF.--100 Chetwerts = 83 Qrs.

SICILY.
PALERMO.-4 Salma of 20 Tumlio, cr s
Salma of 16 Tumlio = 5 Qrs. old meas
SMYRNA (ASIA MINOR.)
1 Kilo=1 Imperial Bushel.
SWEDEN.

2 Spann=1 Tun or Barrel 18 Tuns=
Quarters.

Some take 176 Barrels = 100 rs.
SPAIN.
5 Fanegas 1 Quarter.
CONSTANTINOILE --
TURKEY.
Quarters. WALLACHIA,
IBRAIL.-Too Kilos = 220 Quarters,

880 Kilos == 100

Some take 2224.