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pay no dues. Pilotage. On vessels 600 to 700 r. t. dft. 16ft 5in to 18ft 1in inwards, 1 5s 6d in summer, £i 138 4d in winter; outwards, I and £1 6s 8d. Not compulsory either way. Official. H.B.M.'s Vice-Consul, Albert Wright.

EMDEN, Germany. Lat. 53° 22' N; long. 7° 13' E. Pop. 16,000. Tr.-I. Timber, pig-iron, iron-ore, rye, wheat, barley, oats, nitrate, coals, and general cargo; E. Corn, coals, coke, railway and other iron picce goods. D. of water from sea to Emden 33ft OHW. Accn. Tidal basin (outer harbour) 7,200ft long, 390ft broad, 38ft deep at OHW. (R. of T. 1oft.) 2,85oft stone quay, 2,600ft lying place for ships moored to dolphins and duc d'albes. Two warehouses, 150ft by 260ft, and 150ft by 520ft, 10 electrical travelling cranes 3 tons, and I electrical crane 40 tons, I electrical coal-tip. Railway along stone quay in direct communication with the Government's railways. Several dredging machines are employed to clear the tidal basin from mud, in order to allow vessels to keep a draught of 30ft. Inner harbour: Chamber sluice 330ft long, 50ft broad and 22ft deep. Vessels of 21ft dft. enter the inner harbour at high tide. Dock I mile long. 5 electrical travelling cranes 3 tons, and I electrical crane 10 tons, I steam crane on shore, 7 floating steam cranes 3 tons, I large crane able to lif: 25 tons, I warehouse Soft by 225ft. D. of water on quays

varying from 21 to 17ft. Charges. For a vessel of 500 tons reg., entering with 750 tons timber and leaving with 700 tons coke :

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Tugboats always disposable. Fresh water Im. per 10 hectolitres ; (one cubic m). Pilotage. According to draught, minimum, 17 decimetres, 17/8. For each dec. more draught, summer, 6m., winter, 9m. Towage. About 2d. per ton. L.V. Saxonia and Ambria, of the Hamburg-America line. Officials. II.B. M's. Vice-Consul, Dr. Conrad Zorn; Lloyd's Agents, G. & B. Brons.

EMMAHAVEN, W. Coast of Sumatra.

Five miles from

Pedang. A new harbour. Tr.-I. Iron, piece goods, &c.; E. Coffee, 'nutmegs, mace. pepper, rattans and dammas. Accn. Wharf, with 25ft of water, for three vessels; buoys for five steamers in 25 ft. Coal of fair quality, called "Oembeline," to be had at Govt. shute. Official. Harb. master. ESBJERG, Jutland. Lat. 55° N; long. 8° 25′ E.

Tr.-I.

Coals, iron, timber, manufactures; E. Butter, eggs, pork, meat, fish, game, &c. Accn. Depth at E. 18ft in the dock basin, same at quays; outer tidal harb. 19ft HW., 14ft LW.; inner tidal harb. 15ft HW., 11ft LW.; length of the quays in the dock basin 2,40oft; outer tidal harb. 1, 100ft; inner 900ft. Depth in channel, dredged across bar 22ft HW, 17ft LW; the width of this channel is about 500ft. New fishing harbour west of dock, depth 18ft HW.; quays 1,300ft, slips for repairs fishing boats. Four cranes from 4 to 10 tons. Charges. Harb. dues, 10 ore ton in, same out; loading, 45 ore (=6d), landing, 45 ore (=6d) per hour. Pilotage and Towage not required. Officials. Br. ViceConsul, J. Nielson; Harb. Master, Mr. Jensen.

SHIPPING WORLD

ESPERANCE, Western Australia. Lat. 33° 53' S; long. 121° 52′ E. Tr.-E. Salt, wool. Accn. Town jetty, at outer end, has two berths each 340ft long with 17ft at LW, sandy bottom. Esperance is described as the "natural port" of the Eastern Goldfields, the chief gold-producing fields of Western Australia. These are endeavouring to get railway communication to it, which would ensure it a large import trade.

ESQUIMAULT, Brit. Col. Lat. 48° 25' 49" N; long. 123° 26′ 45′′ W. Accn. The usual anchorage is on the E. side of the harb. in 6 fms. It is a magnificent harb., of easy access, situated on the SE. portion of Vancouver Island, and is an important naval station. There is a marine railway to take vessels up to 2,000 tons, and a dry dock, length 430ft, width at gates 65ft, and D. ST 27 to 293ft. Charges. Tonnage dues 2d ton in or out. Stevedore's charges 7/6 load. Shipping master's fees. Dues and charges on a ship of 500 reg. tons £8 6s 8d. Commission on disbursements 5%. Pilotage. 1 9s 2d ft. Towage. A vessel of 1,000 tons up and down about £83 6s 8d.

ESSEQUIBO, British Guiana. Tr.-E. Greenheart. Accn. Entrance of river blocked up by wooded islands and mud banks, but vessels of 17ft dft can get within 40 miles from the mouth. Rise at mouth of river at ST. is from 8ft to 9ft, Charges. All charges are contracted for at Georgetown.

EUGUA GUACU.-See Santos.

EUPATORIA, Russia. Lat. 45° 12' N; long. 33° 23' E. Pop. 13,416. Accn. Good anchorage in 5 fms. Vessels drawing 18ft anchor quarter of a mile from town. Charges. About Is per ton reg. Official. H.B.M.'s Consular Agent, H. Martin.

FAABORG, Denmark. (S. Coast of I. of Funen.) Lat. 55° 5' N; long. 10° 16' E. Pop. 3,481. Tr.I. Wood, coal, grain, and oilcake; E. Butter, eggs, and bacon. Accn. Vessels of 16ft dft (Dan. meas.) can enter the harb. Charges. Harb, dues, 12 ore per reg. ton only ; ballast dues 2 ore reg. ton; coal, grain, &c., 7d ton for steamers. Pilotage. Summer, 84 ore per ft dft; winter, 112 ore per ft dft. Official. Harbour

Master.

FALKLAND ISLANDS.-See Stanley Harbour.

FALL RIVER, U.S.A. Lat. 41° 40′ N; long. 71° 3′ W. D at E 21ft bar and wharves, r and f 5ft. Charges about 1. Pilotage 6/3 per ft in, same out.

FAMAGUSTA, Cyprus. Pop. About 3,825. 30 miles from Larnaca. 38 from Nicosia. Tr. I. General; E. As Larnaca, also oranges, lemons and pomegranates. Accn. Inner harb. for vessels drawing 10ft. Outer harb. formed by a reef of rocks 5 to 7 fms. A commercial harbour in course of construction will be completed in March, 1905. D. of En. channel 26ft below LW, depth in inner harb. and alongside quays, 24ft below LW. A railway is also in course of construction, which will run from the new quays to Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus. Charges, &c. See Larnaca Official. Deputy Harbour Master. FAROE ISLANDS.-See Thorshaven.

FARO, Portugal (near S. coast of Algarve).__ Lat. 36° 59′ 24′′ N; long. 12° 31' 18" E. Pop. 8,097. Tr.-E. Dry figs, almonds, raisins, and cork wood. Accn. Vessels drawing more than 12ft not allowed over bar, but there is about 14ft at HWST. Charges. Tonnage dues, steamers, 14d. per ton; sailing vessels, 5d. Pilotage. To 150 tons, 30reis per c. m.; over 150 tons, 10 reis; minimum 1,500r, maximum 6,000r. Official. Br. Vice-Consul, C. P. dos Santos.

FAYAL, Horta, Azores. Lat. 38° 30' N; long. 28° 42′ W. Pop. 25,300. Auth. Portuguese Government. THW. 12h 22m. D. 17 metres; HW. Im 50c; AST. Im 30c; NT. quarter moon Im. W. of E. 400m, navigable 340m. W. NE. and SW. Tr.-I. Cottons, woollens, hardware, haberdashery, &c.; E. Maize, cheese, butter, hides, &c. Accn. A magnificent bay with deep water and sandy bottom, a very good holding ground, besides now in construction a mole or breakwater, which affords every security to vessels of large tonnage, say up to 5,000 tons. LV. Ss. Ems, of Norddeutscher Lloyd of Bremen, was moored inside fore and aft, Favourite port for vessels in distress requiring repairs or provisions, where every convenience is to be had with despatch and at moderate charges. Steamers for coal are supplied with despatch, average price of coal 22/. Vessels putting in in distress or for provisions are exempt from all port charges. Pilotage. C. Ships up to 200 tons pay 3,500 reis; from 200 to 400 tons, 4,500 reis; 400 to to 800 tons, 5,000 reis; 800 to 1,200 tons, 5,500 reis; from 1,200 tons upwards, 6,000 reis; this outside breakwater. Inside, double the above amounts. Going outside breakwater, 6% of above. Exchange, 5,625 reis per 1 sterling. Officials. Captain of the Port, H.B.M.'s Vice-Consul, Alfred W. R. Dart; Lloyd's Agent, J. A. de F. Edwards.

FECAMP, France. Lat. 49° 45' N; long. o° 22' E. Pop. About 14,000. Tr.-I. Principally coal, timber, wheat, rapeseed, bark, fish, tar, ice, ground nuts, &c.; E. Chalk, Oil-cakes, flint, plasters, flour, liquor Benedictine. Accn. A tidal harb, and dock suitable for vessels of 4,000 tons drawing 8 metres ST., 6 metres NT. The entrance is 220ft wide. The harbour has now been dredged to permit ships of 21ft to enter NT, and 27ft in ST. Sp. rise 24ft; N. rise 18ft. W. West. Repairs and refitting are carried on. Five steam cranes. Public warehouse, under the superintendence of the Chamber of Conimerce, for all kinds of goods: moderate terms. New quays building. Electric accommodation for the unloading of steamers at night. Rys. There are railways alongside the docks, and telephone with Rouen, Havre, and Paris, &c. Charges. Loading and unloading-coals discharged, Ifr per ton; pitch pine, per load, 1/3; from Baltic, per standard, 2fr 50c; rapeseed and ground nuts 75c to 8oc per ton. Half weighing expenses for grain and seeds 20c per ton, coal 5c per ton; shipping expenses for flints, chalk or loam 50c per ton. LV. The ss. Otta, 2,088 reg. tons. Pilotage. According to distance where ship boarded; under 3 miles 20c, 3 miles and under 6 30c, 6 miles and above 40c, all per reg. ton. Sailing vessels in ballast and steamers loaded or in ballast pay half above rates: outwards, 15c for sailers and steamers loaded or in ballast. Towage. Inwards 44c per reg. ton, outwards 33c. Ships having employed the

tug inwards pay only 22c outwards, steamers loaded or in ballast pay half above rates. Official. Br. Vice-Consul, A. G. B. Bax. Brokers. M. Emile Auger, Alb. Langlois, and A. Taurin.

FERNANDINA, Florida, U.S. Pop. About 4,673. Tr.—I. Fertilizers, railroad iron, salt; E. Phosphate, lumber, rosin, turpentine, cotton seed and oil, cedar, oranges and fruit of all kinds. Two large oyster canning factories. Connected with all Florida by the Sea-Board Air Line Railway, which operates some 3,000 miles of railroad, extending to Montgomery, Alabama, North and South Carolina, and Portsmouth, &c. Accn. It has a good harb. and a river front of over two miles, of which about a mile is taken by wharves, &c. Since the discovery of phosphate, a large elevator has been erected for the storage and handling of this product. D. average about 20ft at LT, with a rise of 7ft. The channel is permanent and maintained by government. In the harb. when completed there will be 25ft at LW. Charges. For loading bulk cargoes, such as coal, phosphate, fertilizers, &c., generally about 35c per ton, but subject to contract. Lumber, 60c per 1,000 ft, this also subject to contract. Harb. Master's fees about Ic per ton. Pilotage. Vessels drawing 1oft $30; 14ft $56; 16ft $80; 18ft $90, &c. Official. H.B. M.'s Vice-Consul, E. V. Nicholl.

FERNANDO NORONHA, Brazil. Lat. 3° 52′ S. long. 32 28′ W. Island. Favourite signalling station.

FERNANDO PO Island, W. Africa. No docks, &c.

Goods

landed on beach from boats. (See Isabel.)

FERROL, Spain. (Province of Corunna.) Lat. 43° 27′ 45 N ; long. 8° 16' 8" W. Pop. 30,000. Tr. The Custom-house is open for every kind of I.; E. Pit-props, dry fish, and old iron. Accn. It is one of the safest harbs. in Spain, and is the chief naval station. There is a graving dock 475ft long, another for vessels up to 350 tons, and two other docks in course of construction in the Royal Arsenal, a patent slip for large vessels, and a building-yard on the south side of the bay. A private dry dock of large dimensions in construction. Charges. For ships 70 to 200 tons net reg., 15/; 201 to 500, £1; 501 to 1,000, £1 35; 1,001 to 2,000, £1 10s.; 2,001 to 3,000, £1 15s; 3,001 and upwards, 2 35. Same rates outwards. Double pilotage at night. Changing position in the harb. about 8/ for vessels up to 400 tons; about 12/ from 400 to 600 tons; and 16/ from 600 tons upwards. If any master should take a fisherman as pilot he should make an arrange. ment with him, and the charge should not exceed £2. No harb. dues. Pilotage. C. Towage. There are no private tugboats, but the dockyard tug, if asked, and not otherwise busy, charges about £6 5s to tow a ship out. Coals can now be obtained on very reasonable terms and good despatch, apply to Emilio Anton, Esq., British Vice-Consul. Officials. Rear-Admiral Don Juan Jacome; Commodore, ; Captain of the Port, Dr. Ramon Vierna, Capt, R.N.; H.B. M.'s Vice-Consul, E. Anton; Lloyd's Agent, N. Perez.

FIGUEIRA, Portugal. Lat. 40° 50' N; long. 9° 10' W. Pop. 6,000. Tr.-I. Codfish, coal, iron, timber, &c. ; E. Salt, oil, wine, dried fruit, and oranges. Accn. No vessel drawing more than 12ft should charter for this place. Charges. On vessel 120 tons, ballast in and fruit out, about £15. Pilotage. On a vessel of 112 reg. tons, cargo in and out :-Pilot on board 2 days 10s; in and out, including mooring and unmooring, and assistance-boat £12. Official. H.B.M.'s Vice-Consul, G. Laidley.

FIJI. Lat. 15° to 21° S; long 177° E to 177° W. (Levuka 17° 41′ S; 178° 51 E.). Pop. 101,000. Levuka and Suva are the two principal harbs. New port of entry Lautoka Viti Levu, Lat. 17° 36' S; long. 177° 29′ E, at NW. Levuka is on the E. side of Ovalau Island. It has two piers for landing goods, and a wharf 450ft long, with D. alongside at LW. of 24ft, and another 170ft. long with 15ft at LW. Reef passage 25 fms. W. of E. 1 cables. LV. 5,000 tons. Tr.-I. Wines and spirits, agricultural implements, Manchester and Birmingham goods, military stores, groceries and provisions. E. Oil, dils oil, cotton, sugar and sugar-cane, fruits, pearl shell, wool, cocoanut-fibre, bêche-demer, tortoiseshell, pea-nuts, copra, and tea. Charges. Light dues, 6d ton on sailing vessels from beyond the Australian Colonies, Polynesian Group, or New Zealand; steamers, other than mail, from beyond these places, 3d ton; coasting steamers and sailing vessels, 2d ton. Wharfage, per day: first 30 tons, 10/-; for every additional ton 2d to 150 tons; over 30/- for 150 tons, and I'd per ton to 500; 500 tons 42/6 for 250 tons, and id per ton over. No vessel to pay more than £5 per day. Pilotage. C. 60 tons reg. 1; above, 4d ton; in ballast, half. In no case to exceed £10. Auth. Col. Govt. Officials. Harb Master, W. W. Wilson; Sub-Coll. of Customs, R. C. Bentley; Lloyd's Agent, J. M. Hedstrom.

FIUME, Hungary. (Adriatic.) Lat. 45° 19′ 15′′ N ; long. 14° 26′ 30′′ E. Pop. 40,000. Tr.-I. Petroleum, rice, coal, salt, wine, tobacco, jute, chemicals, cotton goods, yarn, coffee; E. Flour, barley, wheat, wine, prunes, maize, oats, beans, rapeseed, rice, rice-flour, bran, sugar, mineral waters, tobacco, manganese ore, paper, cellulose, chemicals, oak extract, oak staves, square timber. Accn. A fine harb., formed by a breakwater running nearly parallel with the sea shore (ie., E. to W. by N.), and the shore quays and piers. The largest ships can lie alongside the town quays. Floating crane carrying 40 tons, other cranes on the quays carrying up to 10 tons. Fresh water cocks on all piers, 3d per ton f.o.b. Electric illumination; ready connection with ships for night work. Official strong tug boat, with pumps and every accommodation for salvage from sea or fire, including electric reflector and diver. Charges. 40 soldi (8d) net reg. ton covers all port and light dues for vessels above 400 tons for 20 days in one or more ports; 3rd or 4th voyage within one calendar year 6d, and further visits 4d; discharging, 5d to 6d. ton; for loading flour, &c., in bags, 6d to 8d ton, wood 9d to Id. Pilotage. According to agreement, from £2 to £3; inside the harb. gratis, but obligatory. The harb. pilots must be taken on board. Officials. Royal Harb. Master, Ernest Roediger: Vice ditto, Celligoi Giovanné; Harb. Lieut., Modesto Sablich; H.B.M.'s Consul, G. L. Faber; Vice-Consul, A. Steinacker

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