abolished; stevedore 9d per ton. Pilotage. NC. Inwards, 9ft and under £1 5s, and 8/4 for every additional ft; outwards the same. Officials. H.B.M.'s Vice-Consul, G. J. Hettasch; Pilots, John Mercurius and F. Peneux.

NICOLAIEFF, Russia. Lat. 46° 58′ 20′′ N ; long. 31° 58′ 36′′ E. Pop. About 100,000. Tr.-I. Cement, iron, steel, machinery, and general merchandise; E. Wheats rye, barley, oats, linseed, rapeseed, dedderseed, sugar, wool, iron ore, manganese, and timber. Accn. Vessels drawing 24ft 4in can always pass the bar without lightening, and the channel has been dredged to a minimum depth of 25ft. The new quay, alongside of which there are 25ft water, is three-quarters of a mile long, and offers every convenience for the loading and discharging of steamers. A grain elevator is in full operation, and there is a harbour for coasting vessels. Operations are being carried on for keeping open, throughout the year, the channel of the Boug and the estuary of the Dnieper, from the Black Sea to Nicolaieff. A second ice-breaker is now working. Cranage, one floating for 25 tons, and several steam on quay (private). Charges. Entrance dues, 20 copecs per last of 2 tons; clearance the same; quarantine, 2 copecs. There are other minor charges. Vessels coming from Russian ports in the Black Sea are exempt from entrance, quarantine, and clearance, if to a third Russian port. Loading grain, 11 copeck per tchetvert for single-decked, ˇand Ic. for tween-decked vessels; discharging general merchandise, 30 copecs per ton (=about 8d). Pilotage. 11 copecs per last of 2 tons net reg., inwards or outwards. Vessels proceeding to load at Varvarovka-1 few miles above Nicolaieff-are charged, in addition to the above-mentioned, dues, 3 copecs per last either way, .e., one-third of pilotage to or from the sea, besides 10 copecs per last charged by the Varvarovka Zemstvo (Rural Commune). Shipbuilding and foundry owned by Belgian Co. Officials. Captain of the Port, General Pereleschine; H. B. M.'s Vice-Consul, A. W. Woodhouse; Lloyd's Agent, A. Deacon.

NICOLAISTAD, Russia. Lat. 63° 4′ 3′′ N; long. 21° 43' E. Pop. 17,000. Tr.-I. Salt, coals, and general merchandise; E. Tar, pitch, cattle, corn, and general provisions. Accn. In inner harbour there is a depth of about 14ft, and 20ft at the new harbour; the quays are accessible to vessels of 12 and 13ft dft. Pilotage. Between Ronnskaren and Wasa, a vessel 16ft dft pays £3, and between Norrskaren and Wasa, 20ft dft £4 19s. Towage. Steamtug can always be had for harb. service. Terms, agreement. Officials. H.B.M.'s Vice-Consul, G. Bucht; Lloyd's Agent, Arvid Nasman.

NIEUWE DEEP, Holland. Lat. 52° 55′ N; long. 4° 47′ E. At entrance of North Holland Canal. Accn. 24ft at quayside, 35ft at entrance. 5-ton crane. Government graving docks; special permission required for Mediterranean. Pilotage. See Amsterdam.

NIIGATA, W.,C, Japan Vessels over 300 tons must lie -mile to 1 mile off shore. Tonnage dues, 5c per ton; 5c freeing vessels for 1 year.

NINGPO, China.

Lat. 29° 55' N; long. 121° 30' E. Pop. 240,000. Auth. Imperial Maritime Customs of China, represented by a Commissioner and a Harb. Master. Tr.I. Cotton and woollen manufactures, opium, dried fruits, &c.; E. Tea, raw cotton, medicines. Accn. Vessels of 17ft dít can enter town at half-tide. Sp. rise 9ft. Charges. As at Shanghai. Tonnage dues 1/2 per ton for vessels over 150 tons. Pilotage. It is advisable to write and engage a pilot beforehand. Steamers 6/7 per ft, sailing vessels 10 per ft, from Square Island to Ningpo, and vice versa. Towage. No steam tugs. Official. H.B.M.'s Consul, R. H. Mortimore.

NORFOLK, U.S. Lat. 36° 51′ N; long. 76° 19′ W. Pop. 110,000 (in 5 mile radius). Tr.-I. Salt, phosphate, iron, tar, oil, &c.; E. Cotton, grain, staves, timber, cattle, coals, meat, tobacco, and general western produce. Accn. The channel has 28ft OT. LV. 4,500 tons, drawing 28ft. Ample cranage accommodation at dry docks. Large dry dock and shipbuilding plant at Newport News, 12 miles distant. Charges. Harb. Master's fees for indicating an anchorage or mooring ground or docking, schooners and barges, 75ft and under 90ft $2; 90 to 175ft $3; over 175ft $4; brigs $3; barques $6; sailships $8; steamships $10; for shifting from one dock to another where above fee has been paid, one-half, otherwise the same fees. Custom-house fees, $4'70; quarantine (if), $7; crimming bunkers, Ioc per ton; cargo 7c per ton of 2,240 lbs. Pilotage. Varies from 10/64 for vessels of 1oft dft and under to 18/4 for any dft over 16ft. Vessels coming to Hampton Roads, seeking, in ballast, only half rate in and half rate out; but if they are chartered in the State they will have to pay usual full rates in and out. This law is compulsory, but no master of a vessel coming from sea is compelled to take a pilot after arriving within the line at which Cape Henry bears W. of S., &c. Towage. Hampton Roads to Norfolk, or vice verså, 350 tons £4 13s od, shifting £1 78 7d; 1,000 tons £11 12s 7d, shifting £3 Is od; 2,000 tons £16 5s 7d, shifting £6 5s 7d, and other sizes in proportion. Officials. H.B.M.'s Vice-Consul, Barton Myers; Lloyd's Agent, W. Lauder; Export Merchants, Reed Brothers & Co.

NORRKOPING, Sweden. Pop. About 42,000. Tr.-I. Coals, soda, cotton, wool, wine, porter, tools, engines, sugar, coffee, tobacco, grain; E. Deals, battens, iron, wood pulp, matches, oats, paper, &c. Accn. Vessels of 16ft dft can anchor near the quay, and in the Pampus Roads, 5 or miles from town, safe anchorage up to 30ft. Good dry dock, wharf, and facilities for executing repairs. Charges. Port charges for sailing vessels and steamers 33d ton. Pilotage. A 1,000 to 1,500 ton vessel from Haradskar to Norrkoping, £7 4s summer, £8 17s winter ; from Arko, £5 11s and £7; from Hafringe £5 13s and £7 2s. Vessels 200 to 300 tons, Arko, £2 and £2 11s; Hafringe £2 2s and £2 125; and scale in proportion. Towage. According to arrangement, from 1 to £io. Officials. H.B.M.'s Vice-Consul, G. F. A. Enhorning; Harb. Master, Capt. J. A. Tonnerhjelm. Broker. G. af Ekenstam.

NORTHWESTAN, Newfoundland. About 20 miles west of Tilt Cove. Harbour light on Western Island of Nippers Harbour makes this port accessible night or day.

Accn. A spacious harb., well sheltered from all wind and sea; easily entered without pilot; entrance half mile in width; good deep_anchorage, 12 fms, mud bottom. Official. Coll. of Cust., W. Cunningham.

NOUMEA (Port de France), New Caledonia. Lat. 22° 16' S; long. 166° 28′ E. Tr.-I. General goods of French and English origin (the latter paying heavy duty), also vegetables, fruit, tinned meats, tobacco, live stock, and coal from New South Wales. E. Nickel, chrome, cobalt, and other minerals in ore, coffee, coprah, local tinned meats, and salt fish. Auth. A Captain and Lieutenant of the Port. Accn. Fine harb., II to 15 metres, quarter mile from town. D. Range from 10 to 15 metres. One quay, the Grand, which is now being greatly lengthened At wharf vessels of 2,000 tons can lay. Water laid on to wharf. Charges. 40c per ton per ship. 2fr per ton cargo landed at Grand quay. Pilotage. 5ofr per ton and upwards. Officials. H.B.M.'s Consul, A. G. Brophy; Acting Consul, Bernard King.

NOVOROSSISK, Russia. Lat. 60° 47′ N; long. 21° 24′ E. A rising port on the Caucasian coast of the Black Sea, about 400 miles distant from Odessa, and 200 from Batoum. Pop. 40,000. Tr.-I. Machinery, general; E. Grain, seed, oilcake, kerosene, oak staves. It is connected with the general network of Russian railway by a branch line to Tichoretskai on the Wladikavkaz. Rail to Petrovsk and Baku; thus the Caspian and Black Sea are in direct communication. The Railway Co.'s elevator, which it is stated is the largest in the world, is just completed. Accn. There are 7 loading piers, of which 5 (including 2 elevator piers) belong to the Railway Co., I to the French Standard Oil Co., and I to the Russian Steamship Co., hence there is accommodation for some 22 steamers. The depth of water at the ends of these piers averages about 24 to 26ft. There are two breakwaters. Cranes to 5, 10, and 20 tons, floating crane to 40 tons, elevator capacity 3,000,000 poods. Charges. Harb. dues, Custom House charges, loading and discharging expenses:-The Rly. Co. exacts from steamers 10 copecs per net reg. ton for the use of its piers, and from merchants to i copecs per pood of cargo loaded or discharged, for the use of wagons, labourers, &c. Custom House dues, 20 copecs per net reg. ton on steamers. No pilots. Officials. British and Danish Vice-Consul, Thomas Sterne; Lloyd's Agent, O. Geelmuyder.

NUEVO PAYSANDU.-See Paysandu.

NYBORG, Denmark. At the head of a fjord about 3 miles long, branching off the Great Belt. Pop. 7,500. Tr.-I. Grain, cotton seed, oil cakes, sunflower oil cakes, bran, coal, cakes, timber; E. Barley, butter, pork, bacon, cattle. Accn. Old East harb. has D. of 18 ft; old West harb. 14ft; New harb. 24ft. Length of quayage 5,038ft. Charges. Harb. dues in and out 20 ore ton, or 10 ore each way, loaded or in ballast; ballast, 100 ore ton; ballast dues, 2 ore per ton reg. Pilotage. After tariff rates. Officials. H B.M.'s Vice-Consul, A. Birch; Lloyd's Agent, R. O. Clausen.

NYHAMN, Sweden. Lat. 61° 12' N ; long. 17° 10' E. Accn. Vessels of 17ft dft can easily enter harb.

NYSTAD. Lat. 60° 47′ N; long. 21° 24' E.

to 15ft.-See Abo.

Anchorage in 14

OAMARU, New Zealand. Lat. 45° S; 171° E. Pop. 6,000. Tr.-I. All kinds of manufactured goods, coal, and timber; E. Wool, frozen meat, grain, &c. Auth. Oamaru Harb. Board. Accn. A large and safe harb., protected by breakwater. No bar. Area inside breakwater, 60 acres. D. at LW., 17ft 6 in ; HWST, 24 ft 6 in; quays 23 ft. Depth of basin, HWST 31 ft. Three steam cranes. Railway connects with all principal ports in Middle Island. Charges. No port, berthage, or pilotage; small tonnage charge on cargo carried. Official. Lloyd's Agent, Geo. Sumpter.

OCOS, Guatemala. The third and last port in Guatemala to the north, and is within a few miles of the Mexican frontier. Lat. 14° 31′ 45′′ N; long. 92° 12' W. From the anchorage Tacana Volcano bears N. 3° E mag.; Santa Maria N 62° E mag., end of pier N 34° E mag. Lat. of anchorage 14° 30' N ; long. 02° 13' 30° W. Distance one mile from the pier, 6 fms, bottom mud and sand. This anchorage should not be used at night during the winter season on account of "chubascos," therefore advisable to anchor in 8 fms. Iron pier is 1,200ft long. No regular lights at night to be depended on. Railway runs into the coffee district 25 miles. Weather conditions the same as San José and Champerico. Pop. 2,000 to 3,000. Tr.-E. Same as Champerico and San José. Official. Lloyd's Agent, E. Lunea.

ODENSE, Denmark (N. coast of Fyen Island). Lat. 55° 24' N; long. 10° 26' E. Pop. 40,000. Tr.-I. Coals, wood, iron, salt, cran, grain, oilcakes; E. Grain, butter, eggs, beef, cattle. Accn. Depth of water at E. and quays about 19ft; in the canal, length about 4 Eng. miles, and harbour has now been dredged to 19ft. One crane to lift 10 tons. A pilot is indispensable to strangers. Vessels will be entered at the entrance in Odense Fjord by the Cust. House officer. Rly. station connects with harb. Charges. Sailing vessels, 13 ore per reg. ton in and 13 ore out; ballast, 4 ore. Steamers, 13 ore in and 13 ore out. Ballast cost 70 ore to 80 ore per ton, discharging 61. per ton. Expenses of a steamer of 361 tons reg., with 640 tons coals, £41 Expenses of a brig of 282 tons reg. :-Harb. dues, 62.04 kr. ; ballast dues, 10.10 kr. ; tugboat in 73.92 kr., out 44.35 kr. (not necessary when the wind is good); pilotage, 35.28 kr.; clearance fee, 41.58 -total, 270 kr. 87 ore, or £15. LV. 1,635 tons. Pilotage. In the Fjord, coming in, summer, I ir. 12 ore per ft; in winter, I kr. 49 ore per ft. Going out, in summer, 88 ore per ft; in winter, I kr. 17 ore per ft. In the canal all vessels above 80 tons pay, in summer, 3 kr. 84 ore each way; in winter, 5 kr. 12 ore each way. Towage. Loaded ships pay for the whole distance from sea to the harb. 35 ore per reg. ton until 150 reg. tons for all towage above 150 tons. 40 per cent. less in ballast pay 40 per cent. less than loaded ships. Officials. Kanalfoged, A. F. Hansen; H. B. M.'s Vice-Consul, L. B. Muus.

ODESSA, Russia. Lat. 46° 29′ N; long. 30° 44' E. Pop. About 412,000. Tr.-I. Coal, iron, machinery, agricultural machines and implements, raw cotton, tobacco, manufactured goods, tea, coffee, and other colonial goods, &c. (sadly hampered by heavy customs duties and other obnoxious formalities); E. Grain, linseed, wool, cattle, sugar, timber, &c. Accn. Best artificial Russian harbour in the Black Sea, the depth of water being up to 30ft. The harbour is formed by several stone piers and a long breakwater, which protects it from easterly gales. D. 35ft on one side, and 13 to 17ft on the other. Very good anchorage in the inner roads. There is a floating crane to lift up to 40 tons. Two patent slips and a floating dock, double sided; lifting power 4,800 tons, belonging to the Russian Steam Navigation and Trading Company. Charges. Tonnage dues 5d per ton; ships calling for orders are exempt. On a steamer 2,000 to 2,500 tons ballast in, cargo out (grain) 100. Almost daily communication with Constantinople by mail steamers. Three days from London by rail. Pilotage. NC. From £5 to £8. On a vessel of 2,000 reg. tons, £8; on a barque of 364 reg. tons entering in ballast, leaving with cargo of wheat, in and out, 16ft 2in dft. £2 8s 9d. No English sailing ships come here. Officials. Capt. of Port, Major-Gen, Vladimir Platonovitch Pereleshine; Chief of Cust., Youri J. Zaporozhchenro; H.B.M.'s Consul-General, C. S. Smith; ViceConsul, V. H. C. Bosanquet; Lloyd's Agent, R. C. H. Webster. OLD CALABAR RIVER. Lat. 4° 36′ N; long. 8° 19' E. THW. f. and c. 6h 30m. ST. 1oft; NT. 6ft. The principal trading post is at Duke Town, 25 miles up the river. Well buoyed. Each factory has its own wharf, and there is a good Govt. wharf. Headquarters of Southern Nigeria. Official. Lloyd's Agent, N. W. Fynn.

OLEH-LEH, Island of Sumatra. Lat. 5° 35' N; long. 95° 45' E. Pop. A. and district 500,000, mostly natives and Chinamen. Tr.-E. Gold, pepper, betel-root, camphor. Accn. Vessels can anchor in 5ms to discharge cargo about mile from shore. Good holding ground. No quays. No docks; one to 3,000 tons constructed in Salang Bay, 20 miles distant. No pilots, but the Harb. Master always will assist if a pilot is asked for. Coals and water to be got. Cranes on two jetties for receiving cargo. Charges. A ship pays 16c per cub. metre every six months. Official. Harb, Master, Tadema Wielandt.

OLYMPIA, U.S.A. Lat. 47° 30' N; long. 122° 54′ W. At southern extremity of Puget Sound; capital of State of Washington. Pop. 8,500. Tr.-General merchandise, coal, timber, hops, grain, &c. Accn. Good anchorage, ample room for shipping, and harb. well protected. Charges. Wharfage, 25 cents per ton; dockage, none. Towage and Pilotage. As agreed upon. ONEGA, Russia. Lat. 63° 54′ N; long. 38° 8' E. Tr.-I. Machinery, fish, salt, coals, &c.; E. Timber. Accn. D. HW. 11ft on the bar, and LW. 5ft. Lighters with shear legs up to 15 tons. Charges. Tonnage dues 5 cop. per ton; address commission 50 cop=1/0 standard; stowage 1'50 rs standard; monastery charges and doctor's fee 11 rs = 1 35. Pilotage. In and out 16 cop. per last. Towage. To or from the ballast place 15 rs= LI 11s 3d each way; in river free. One rouble = about 2s Id ex.