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copeks per std. Pilotage. The Stella Polare Sawmill Co. keeps a pilot boat cruising at the entrance to the bay between the islands N. 3 and 4.

PHAETON, Madura Straits. Three and a half miles eastward of Kraksaan. Accn. Anchorage two-thirds to three-quarters of a mile off the pier in 10 fms. Custom-house regulations on loading same as fixed for Kraksaan. Masters of vessels are requested to be careful when dropping their anchor at this port, as there exists a loose sandbank, that owes its origin to rough weather, which is to be found in the west monsoon about mile off the pier N. by E., and in the east monsoon about N. by W. off the pier.

PHILADELPHIA, U.S. On the Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers. Lat. 39° 57' N ; long. 75° 10′ W. Pop. About 1,150,000. Tr.-I. All kinds of general merchandise, such as dyewoods, gums, logwood and dye stuffs, chemicals, corkwood, sulphur, fruit, furs and skins, paperstock, seeds and plants, molasses, sugar, jute, hemp, tinplates, cement, clay, cotton (manufactured), earthenware, india-rubber, iron ore, iron and steel manufactured), silk goods, cigars and tobacco, wines and liquors, waol (raw and manufactured); E. Cattle, grain, flour, cotton, petroleum, provisions, tobacco, staves, oilcake, coal, leather, paraffin, soap, canned goods, locomotives, sewing machines, railroad cars (passenger and freight). Accn. An excellent and capacious harb. capable of receiving vessels of the largest draft; 27ft at mean LW.; RT., 6ft. Covered wharves to accommodate vessels of any length, with railroad facilities thereon. Three dry docks, 550ft, 462ft, and 340ft respectively, and three patent slip railroads ; floating derrick capable of lifting 125 tons. The Philadelphia Maritime Exchange has reporting stations on the Delaware Breakwater, at Reedy Island Quarantine Station, and at the Marcus Hook Oil Piers, from which stations the movements of vessels are promptly telegraphed. From either of these stations orders can be delivered to vessels. Plentiful and cheap supply of coal for steamers. First-class facilities for repairing iron vessels. Large stationary grain elevators, from which grain is delivered direct into vessels' holds. Pilotage. C. Inward and outward pilotage rates are as follows:-Up to and including 12ft of water, $1.87 per ft; over 12ft, $2.25 per ft. An increase of 10% is charged when an inward bound vessel is spoken east of Five Fathom Bank Lightship, or north of Hereford Inlet Lighthouse, or south of Fenwick's Island Lighthouse. A deduction of 10% is made when an inward bound vessel is first spoken by the pilot inside of a straight line drawn from Cape May Light to Cape Henlopen Light. Detention of pilot, $3 per day. Delaware Breakwater for orders.-The rate is one-half full pilotage to Philadelphia, and the same amount when outward bound. If the vessel is ordered to Philadelphia only one full pilotage fee for the entire service is charged. Exemption.Vessels exempt from duty of taking pilot in their inward voyage to Philadelphia if first spoken inside a straight line drawn from Cape May Light to Cape Henlopen Light by Pennsylvania pilot, or if past Brandywine Light if by De'aware pilot Towage. Inward, Capes of Delaware to Philadelphia, on a vessel of 1,000 tons, $91; outward, Philadelphia to sea, on a vessel of 1,000 tons, $134.

Other size vessels, as per a printed scale based on tonnage and draft. The city of Philadelphia owns and operates three large ice boats to keep the channels of the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers navigable in the severest winter weather, and in times of emergency they accept tows at a slight increase over ordinary towage rates. Delaware Bay Entrance. - Rise and fall of tide, mean, 4ft; maximum, 5ft; minimum, 3ft. Water for deepest draft vessels in entrance; 61fms can be carried from Five Fathom Bank Lightship to abreast of Cape Henlopen, and 6fms can be carried in entering on Delaware Breakwater Range. Through main channel from Cape Henlopen to abreast of Ship John Shoal Lighthouse, 4fms at mean LW.; 20ft can be safely taken through to Philadelphia at any stage of the tide, while 26ft can be safely brought to city by starting from the capes when the flood tide is about one hour old; 20ft can be carried up the Schuylkill at mean LW. as far as Gibson's Point. The approaches have been improved by filling up the gapway at the breakwater. The system of lights, ranges, and buoys of the Delaware Bay and river is unsurpassed anywhere in the world, and vessels of any draft can be navigated as well by night as by day. Charges. Health fees on any steam vessel from a foreign port, $10; on any sailing vessel from a foreign port, $5; on any coasting vessel, sail or steam, arriving from a port south of St. Mary River, $2.50. Wharfage, on steamers, from $15 to $25 per day; on sailing vessels, from $4 to $10 per day, according to size and cargo. Officials. Harb. Master, T. J. Ryan; Master Warden, Christian K. Ross; H. B. M.'s Consul, W. Powell; Vice-Consul, C. L. M. Pearson; Secretary to Philadelphia Maritime Exchange, E. Y. Sharwood; Lloyd's Agent, W. S. Samuels. Brokers. W. F. Hagar & Co.

PHILIPPEVILLE, Algeria. Lat. 36° 53′ N; 6° 54′ E Pop. 28,000. Tr. - I. Coal, timber, manufactured goods; E. Barley, wheat, wool, wine, fruits, cork, tannin bark, esparto, hides, oats, maize, iron ore, antimony, calamine. Accn. Entrance to port perfectly easy at all times and in all weathers. D. at En. about 24ft, alongside quays about 20ft; width, 90m. Vessels of 18ft dft can load alongside quays. There are two floating cranes, capable of lifting 10 tons each, and a steam crane capable of lifting 25 tons. Rys. P.L.M. Vessels alongside can discharge into trucks, ry. being on the quays. LV. Ironclads of Ist class can anchor in harb. W. Summer NE, winter NW. New Semaphore station at Cape Bongaroni. Charges. Quay dues, f. 0'50 per t.r.; toll, f. o 50 per ton discharged, f. 0.25 per ton loaded; health dues, Id per ton reg.; vessels are exempt from dues for loading all goods or fuel reshipped. Passengers from France or foreign ports 1 fr. per head. Water, 2/ per ton. Stock of coal for steamers. Pilotage. C. Sailing ships about id per ton, steamers half. Brokers. Ed. Tiozzo, A. Chiarelli. Officials. Harbour Master, A. Mégre; and M. Olivier, Commissaire de l'Inscripton Maritime; H.B. M's Vice-Consul, H. Scratchley; Lloyd's Sub-Agent, A. Teissier.

PICTOU, N.S. Lat. 45° 41' 25" N; long. 62° 39' 26' W. Pop. 3,403. Tr.-E. Coals, produce, &c. Accn. There are three good loading places at which steamers of 1,700 to 1,900 tons load. The harbour is a good and safe

one, easy of access to strangers. Vessels drawing 22ft can cross bar at HW. The Intercolonial Railway has 4 wharves 20 to 30ft depth. Two patent slips to 1,200 and 800 tons respectively. Charges. Labour 5/2 to 6/3 day. Ballast 2/1 ton. Harb. dues id ton. Hospital Id ton. Water id gall. Coals cheap. Wharfage on goods landed d barrel bulk. No light dues. Slip to haul 1,400 tons. Pilotage. Vessels of 120 to 140 tons, $6 inwards and $4 outwards; vessels of 140 to 200 tons, $10 inwards and $6 outwards; vessels of 200 to 300 tons, $12 inwards and $8 outwards; vessels of 30 to 400 tons, $14 inwards and $9 outwards; vessels of 400 to 500 tons, $15 inwards and $10 outwards; vessels of 500 to 600 tons, $16 inwards and $11 outwards; vessels of 600 to 700 tons, $17 inwards and $12 outwards; vessels of 700 to 800 tons, $18 inwards and $13 outwards; vessels of 800 to 900 tons, $19 inwards and $14 outwards; vessels of 900 to 1,000 tons, $20 inwards and $15 outwards; vessels of 1,000 tons and upwards, 24cts inwards and 2cts outwards per ton. All vessels under 120 tons $4 inwards and $2 outwards. Docking and moving vessels from anchorage in harbour, $4. All steamers rated at net tonnage. After coming to in the harb., all vessels requiring pilots in going up to the loading wharves at the east or middle rivers pay an additional sum of 1/03d foot dft., and the same down the said rivers. Vessels bound in and spoken to by a pilot pay half pilotage, if his services are not required. Vessels bound out and not requiring a pilot pay half pilotage to the Pilotage Authority. Steamers in or out pay the same as sailing vessels. Vessels making the harbs. are free from compulsory pilotage inside an imaginary line drawn from Cole's Point to McKenzie's Head. The Pilotage Authority may remit compulsory pilotage dues to steamers carrying Her Majesty's mails, in whole or in part; 120 tons and under free. Towage. 1d ton from outside. In harb. for mooring £1 os 1od, or by agreement. Officials. Coll. of Cust., R. P. Fraser; Lloyd's Agents, Primrose Bros.

PILLAU, Germany. Lat. 54° 33′ 39′′ N ; long. 19° 52′ 30′′ E. Pop. 4,000. Accn. About 22ft on the Pillau bar. The depth in the channel from Pillau to Königsberg is 21ft. Pilotage. See Königsberg. Towage. See Königsberg. Officials. Harb. Master, Olof; Br. Vice-Consul, R. Lietke.

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PIRÆUS, Greece. (Athens.) Lat. 37° 56′ 10′′ N; long. 23° 38′ 40′ E. Pop. 55,000. Tr.-I. Coal, iron, and general cargoes; E. Hardly anything. Accn. The port is capable of holding the largest war vessels. D. at En. from about 45 to 48 and 30ft in the centre, where there is a sunken bank over which are only 19ft. D. at quays from 20 to 24ft. There is a large crane to lift 15 tons, a floating dry dock at Salamis, and 2 dry docks under construction. LV. entered into Piræus, Italia, R. N. of Italy, measuring 14, 100 tons. Charges. Quay dues, 0.50fr gold per ton up to 1,000 tons reg.; above this, half the dues up to 2,500 tons; above that tonnage free (ie., a steamer of 3,500 tons will be charged only for 2,500). Unloading coals, duty 8d per ton, 250 tons daily; 300, 9d; 350, Iod; 400, 11d (maximum); coke, fuel, pig iron, Iod. General cargo from 8d. Pilotage. NC. For steamers with general cargo, £2; for do. with coals, £4, irrespective of size. Officials. Harb. Master, A. Andreades; H.B.M.'s

Consul, Hon. Reginald Walsh; Vice-Consul, John Joannidis ; Lloyd's Agent, A. Hill. Brokers. M. T. Sourmely & Philon. PISAGUA, Chili. Lat. 19° 32′ S.; long. 70° 15′ W. Pop. 4,000. An important nitrate port in the north of the province of Tarapaca. Tr.-I. Coal, bags from India, cotton and woollen goods, provisions, spirits, iron and hardware. E. Nitrate of soda, iodine. Accn. The bay is deep and well protected; vessels can anchor close in shore in 15 to 20fms. Vessels are discharged and loaded by launches, which in their turn are discharged and loaded alongside moles. Cranes to lift up to 5 tons. Charges. Pilotage, toc per ton; launch hire, £2 per 1,000 qts.; mole dues (paid by merchants), $8 per 1,000 qts.; stevedore, $7 per 1,000 qts.; ballast, $3 per ton. Provisions: Water, 5c per gallon alongside vessel; bread, 10c per lb. ; meat (fresh beef), 35 to 40c per lb.; fowls, $2.50 each. Officials. H.B.M.'s Vice-Consul, T. G. Patrickson; Lloyd's Sub-Agent, N, M. Clarke.

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PLYMOUTH, U.S.A. Lat. 42 0 10" N; long. 70° 35′ 43′′ W. Pop. 7,094. Accn. There is 25ft at low water in the anchorage called the Cowyard, three miles above Gurnet and five miles from Plymouth. Spring tides rise 10ft; neaps, 9ft. Charges. Tonnage dues, 3d per ton. Entrance or clearance at Customs, 10/6. Surveyor's fee, 12/6. Wharfage, under 100 tons, Iod. per day; over 100 tons, 1/8. Pilotage. 4/2 per foot from Gurnet. Towage. From Gurnet to wharves, £4 to £6; from Cowyard to wharves, £3 to £4.

POINT DE GALLE, Ceylon. Lat. 6° 1' N; long. 80° 14′ E. Pop 222,895. Tr.-I. Rice, coal, &c. ; E. Tea, coffee, cinnamon, cocoanuts, cocoanut oil, arrowroot, glue, coir, fish, hides, elephants, plumbago, pearls, sapanwood, citronella oil, lemon grass, cinnamon oil, &c. Accn. There is sufficient water for the largest ships. The N.E. monsoon, from October to April, is most favourable for shipping operations, but ships can enter in all seasons. Entrance E. channel of Cadda Rocks. W. channel only used by pilots. There are no quays, but 2 jetties 6 to 15ft, with cranes. Good for coals. Charges. Port dues, 8cts per ton, except mail steamers which pay 50rs; coaling free of port dues. Pilotage. All vessels entering or leaving the port of Galle pay pilotage according to the following scale, whether they make a signal for a pilot or not:-Inwards or outwards, 100 tons 7rs 50cts, 100 to 200 tons IIrs 25cts, 200 to 400 tons 15rs, 400 to 600 tons 22rs 50cts, 600 tons and upwards 30rs. Pilots detained on board any vessel longer than 48 hours are, by the Ordinance, entitled to claim 4rs for every day's detention after that time. Pilots are master mariners, or have Govt. licence. Application for pilots to be made to the Master Attendant in writing or by signal. Officials. Coll. of Cust. and Govt. Agent, H. Wace; Assist.-Coll. of Cust., T. Twynam; Master Attendant, J. P. Truscott; Lloyd's Agents, Messrs. Clark, Spence & Co.

long. 61° 20' W.

POINTE-À-PITRE, Guadeloupe, W.I. Lat. 16° 20' N ; Pop. 20,000. Tr.I. Coal, rice, fertilisers, lumber, hardware, beer, American provisions, English galvanised iron, soap, cottons, &c.; E. (to France) Sugar, logwood, coffee, preserved pineapples, cocoa, annatto, molasses,

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Accn. Pointe à Pitre is the port of entry for Port Louis, Canal, St. François, Ste. Anne, and Ste. Marie. Mid-channel, 14m; near buoys in channel, 8m; width of channel, 150m. The other ports of Guadeloupe, viz., Basse Terre (capital), Le Moule, and Marie Galanti have each their own Custom House. Safe, well-sheltered, and spacious harb., 36ft in the channel, which is narrow, but being widened. Vessels drawing 26ft lie close to the town; vessels drawing 15ft can discharge at the quay, except coals and guano. Cranage, none. Dry docks, none nearer than Martinique or St. Thomas. Small repairs can be done. LV. Belgravia, 3,275 tons net. R. of T. ft. Charges. Water dues compulsory, which are only payable at Pointe à Pitre. Vessels up to 500 tons 25c per ton, over 500 tons 12c per ton. Steamers pay if per 100 litres. Interpreter's fee ranges on a scale from 5f for 60 tons, to 135f for 350 tons and above per vessel, and is compulsory unless captain speaks French. Sanitary 7 to 18f, passport 7.20f, permit 6f per keel, light dues 48c per reg. ton (great coasting trade), 12c (lesser coasting trade), buoy and mooring dues same as light dues ; general cargo 4f per day, coals 5f. Vessels trying the market or in distress may come in free of all charges, and remain 48 hours. Pilotage. C. for vessels over 60 tons; 101 to 150 tons 118f 12c in and out, 151 to 200 tens 144f 37c; 201 to 250 tons 170f 62c; 251 to 300 tons 196f 87c, 301 to 350 tons 223f 12c, 350 to 500 tons 249f 57c, above 500 tons 25c per ton. Steamers of regular lines pay 100f. No extra charge for shifting. Towage. By steamer, minimum 100f; 50c reg. ton. By rowboat and four hands, 15f to 20f. There is no gold or silver currency in the island. Officials. Harb. Master, G. Valin (acting); H. B. M.'s Vice-Consul, J. E. De Vaux. Brokers and Interpreters, Gabriel Lauzainghein and Paul Thionville. Bank. Banque de la Guadeloupe, which draws on the Comptoir d'Escompte, Paris. Drafts are at present at a premium of 12% for 90 days' sight.

POLA, Austria (chief naval station). Lat. 44° 52′ 13′′ N; long. 13° 50' 10" E. Pop. 31,623. Accn. The harb. is one of the finest in the Adriatic, landlocked, capable of receiving a fleet of the largest ships. Vessels of 18ft dft can moor to the town quays. Merchant vessels, except those with a cargo for the Navy, must take anchorage in the mercantile port in N. E. of islet Olivi. There are two floating docks; and two dry docks for the use of the Austrian Navy. Charges. Steamships on 1st or 2nd voyage 8ok; 3rd and 4th voyage 60k; each succeeding voyage made within the same year 40k per reg ton; foreign sailing vessels 20k. Steamships (for 20 clear days), and sailing vessels (for 60 clear days), exempt from payment of any further dues, fees or charges in all home ports, provided they call at no foreign port in the meantime.

POMERON, Portugal.-See Villa Real de St. Antonio. PONDICHERRY, India. Lat. 11° 56' N; long. 79° 50' E. Pop. 49,000. Tr.-E. Indigo, rice, tobacco, earth nuts, cotton. Accn. Anchorage in 6 or 8fms, mile from town. Loading and discharging by lighter. Charges. Tonnage dues 2d per ton; light dues d per ton; anchorage dues 1/ per ton, coasters exempt. Officials. Harb, Master, Lieut. Le Chevert; H.B.M.'s Consul, Lt. Col. A. Rennick.

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