Shrewsbury was considered as the head of the Roman Catholics in England, but his Lordship conducted himself with great moderation. He was of a very retired temper, and much addicted to music and to mechanics. The Earl died possessed of nearly half a million of money, independent of landAll his estates, ed and other property. plate, furniture, &c. are bequeathed to his nephew and successor John, who is also residuary legatee to upwards of 400,000. The legacies amount to about 30,000%. the annuities to 5400l. per annum, and the charitable bequests to 30007. The Earl's remains lay in state at the Bavarian Ambassador's chapel in Warwickstreet; and on the 18th, the funeral obsequies were there celebrated in a style of extraordinary pomp and splendour. After the performance of high mass and of a solemn dirge, the funeral procession moved forward towards the family chapel at Heythorp in Oxfordshire. It was in the following order : Two mutes on horseback. Six bearers on horseback, two and two. The chief domestics of the deceased Nobleman, in a mourning coach and four. Another mourning coach and four, with the deceased's medical attendants, Dr. Nelson and Mr. Bourne. A third mourning coach and four, with the Grand Banner of the full arms and crest borne by a page on horseback. Eight pages walking two by two, and each bearing a banner, with some portion of the Earl's coat of arms emblazoned thereon. Two mutes on horseback. Another banner of the armorial bearings of the Earl, differently quartered from the preceding, and borne by a page on foot. Two mutes on horseback. A mourning coach and six, in which the Five other mourning coaches drawn each The Earl's state coach, drawn by six horses, and richly ornamented with heraldic achievements, emblazoned on a ground of crimson velvet. The procession was closed by upwards of twenty private carriages; among which were those of the Duke of Norfolk, Lords Petre, Fingal, and Ponsonby; Lady Petre, and the Countess De Front. The banners were of a most splendid description, and were executed under the superintendance of Mr. Cathrow Disney, Somerset Herald. SIR GEO. H. BEAUMONT, Bart. Feb. 7. At his seat, Cole Orton Hall, Leicestershire, of erysipelas in the head, aged 73, Sir George-Howland Beaumont, seventh Baronet of Stoughton Grange in the same county, D.C.L. F. R.S. and S. A. and a trustee of the British Museum. He was born at Dunmow in Essex (where his father then resided) in Nov. 1753, the only child of Sir George, the sixth Baronet, by Rachel, dau. of Matthew Howland of Stonehall, Dunmow, esq. He succeeded to the title, in 1762, losing his father at the early age of ten, but his mother survived till 1814. Having received his education at Eton, he entered of New College, Oxford, in 1772. In 1778 he married Margaret, daughter of John Willes of Astrop in Northamptonshire, esq. the eldest son of Lord Chief Justice Willes. They had no children. In 1782 Sir George Beaumont went to the Continent, and visited the most distinguished parts of France, Switzerland, and Italy. At the general election in 1790 he was returned M. P. for Beeralston, but he sat in the House of Commons only during one Parliament, to the dissolution in 1796. It was not in the arena of politicsthat Sir George Beaumont distinguished himself; but as a patron of art and amateur practitioner of painting his celebrity is deservedly great, and many admirable specimens of his skill have been exhibited at the Royal Academy. A congenial taste introduced him to the friendship of Sir Joshua Reynolds, who bequeathed him his Return of the Ark, by Sebastian Bourdon, as a memorial of his esteem. This is one of the sixteen pictures which Sir George, a year or two before his death, presented to the National Gallery, where, inscribed as they are (and we trust always will be in legible characters) with the munificent donor's name, they constitute his most appropriate and most public monument. In private life Sir George Beaumont was a most amiable and excellent man, his manners and accomplishments rendering him an ornament of the circles in which he moved. A portrait of him, engraved by J. S. Agar, from a portrait by Hoppner, in the possession of Lord Mulgrave, was published in 1812 in Cadell's British Gallery of Contemporary Portraits. Sir George Beaumont is succeeded in his title and estates by his first cousin once removed, now Sir George-HowlandWilloughby Beaumont, who has married a daughter of the Bishop of London. REAR-ADM. WILLIAMS. March 1. In Queen-square, Bath, Robert Williams, esq. Rear-Admiral of the Blue. This officer entered the naval service under the auspices of Lord Mulgrave, in 1777, as a Midshipman on board the Ardent, a 64-gun ship stationed in the Bay of Biscay to intercept the trade belonging to our revolted colonies, and cut off any succours that might be sent thither from France. From that ship he removed into the America, 64, which, commanded by Lord Longford, formed part of Adm. Keppel's fleet in the action with M. d'Orvilliers, July 27, 1778. Subsequently to that event, Mr. Williams joined the London, a second-rate, bearing the flag of Lord Graves, under whom he proceeded to North America, and continued to serve till Aug. 1781, when he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant, in the Royal Oak, of 74 guns. In this ship, Mr. Williams, who had previously shared in the action between Vice-Adm. Arbuthnot and the Chev. de Ternay, bore a part in the battles with Count de Grasse, Sept. 5, 1781, and April 9 and 12, 1782. His next appointment was to the Argo, 44, Capt. Butchert, which vessel, being on her return from Tortola to Antigua, was compelled, after a warm action of five hours, during which period it blew so fresh that she could not open her lower deck ports, to surrender to the French frigates la Nymphe and l'Amphitride, each mounting 46 guns. She was, however, recaptured about 36 hours after, by the Invincible, 74; and Adm. Pigot, the Commander-inChief on that station, was so well pleased with the gallantry displayed by her officers, that, immediately after they had passed the usual ordeal of a Court Martial, and obtained an honourable acquittal, he offered to reappoint the whole of them to her. This proposal being accepted by Mr. Williams, he became first Lieutenant of the Argo, and continued in the same ship till the peace of 1783, when she returned to England, and was put out of commission. We subsequently find him in the Myrmidon, of 20 guns, whose Captain, the present Adm. Drury, was ordered to escort a beautiful yacht sent from England as a presen; to the Crown Prince of Denmark; which circumstance afforded GENT. MAG. May, 1827. Lieut. Williams an opportunity of visiting the capital of that kingdom. At the period of the Spanish armament in 1790, the deceased obtained an appointment to the Elephant, 74, commanded by Sir Charles Thompson, bart.; and on the breaking out of the war with revolutionary Frauce, he accompanied the same officer in the Vengeance, another third-rate, to the West Indies; from whence he returned after the failure of an attack made upon Martinique by the forces under RearAdm. Gardner and Major-Gen. Bruce, in June 1793. Towards the latter end of the same year, Capt. Thompson hoisted a broad pendant as second in command of the squadron sent under Sir John Jervis to attack the French settlements in the West Ludies. On the arrival of the armament in Fort Royal Bay, Lieut. Williams was selected to command a division of the gun and guard-boats to be employed in the approaching siege of Martinique. While on that service and under the orders of Lieut. Bowen, of the Boyne, he distinguished himself by his gallantry in boarding the Bienvenu, a French frigate, lying in the Carenage close to Fort Louis. This enterprize was undertaken for the purpose of rescuing a number of English prisoners said to be confined on board her, and consequently exposed to the fire of the British batteries on Point Carriere. The attack was made at noon, March 17, 1794, in the presence, and to the astonishment of the whole fleet and army; the instant the boats appeared at the entrance of the Carenage, the enemy prepared to give them a warm reception. The walls of Fort Louis were covered in an instant with troops, who kept up an incessant fire of musketry on the assailants; at the same time the frigate endeavoured to keep them off, by plying both her great guns and small arms; but at length, intimidated by the boldness of the attempt, her crew fled from their quarters, the greater part retreating to the shore. The British now boarded the frigate, and turned her guns upon the Fort, but was prevented bringing her out of the harbour in consequence of the wind blowing directly in, her sails being unbent, and the impracticability of sending men aloft to bring them to the yards, exposed as she was to the enemy's fire. Lieut. Bowen, therefore, after ascertaining that the English prisoners were in another vessel further up, from whence it was impossible to release them, contented himself with bringing off the French Captain, a Lieutenant, and about 20 men, whom Lieut. Williams had discovered on the lower deck, and forced into his boat through the bow port of the frigate, by which he had entered. Being dist 1 among the other boats, they were conveyed in triumph to Sir John Jervis, who, in his official letter to the Admiralty, declared that "The success of this gallant action determined the General and himself to attempt the fort and town of Fort Royal by assault." Throughout the siege, the gun boats, which by the French were called "Les petits diables," were of infinite service, and gained the officers commanding them immortal credit, by the steady and well-directed fire they constantly kept up, both day and night; and though continually exposed to a heavy discharge both of round and grape, their loss did not exceed four men killed and wounded. After the conquest of Martinique, Lieut. Williams removed with his patron, who had by this time become a Rear-Admiral, into the Vanguard, 74. He subsequently commanded the flat-boats employed in lauding the second battalion of light infantry, (under Lt.-Col. Blundell) at Ana du Chocque in the island of St. Lucia; a service which he performed without any loss, although exposed to a very heavy fire from the enemy's batteries. On the reduction of that colony, he returned to Martinique in the Vanguard, and during the absence of the fleet at Guadaloupe, was sent in a sloop to inspect the different posts and fortifications along the coast. We next find our officer serving with a brigade of seamen landed under the orders of Captains Robertson and Sawyer to co-operate with the army in an attempt to recover Guadaloupe from the hands of the Republicans; and receiving a severe wound whilst employed in the erection of a masked battery on the heights near Fort Fleur d'Epée, he soon after left the Vanguard and returned to England in the Minotaur, another ship of the same force. On his arrival he was appointed First Lieutenant of the Prince George, a second rate, which bore the flag of Rear-Adm. Parker at the battle of St. Vincent. Lieut. Williams, for his conduct on this memorable occasion, was immediately promoted to the rank of Commander, and appointed to the Dolphin, a 44-gun ship armed en flute, but previous to his joining her he acted for some time as Flag-captain to RearAdm. Parker, in the Blenheim 98, and served pro tempore in the Kingfisher sloop of war. From the Dolphin he was posted into the San Yridro, a Spanish 74, which he conducted to England in Sept. 1797. His post commission, however, was not confirmed by the Admiralty till Nov. 10 that year, when he received an appointment to the Formidable of 98 guns, the command of which he retained till Jan. 1798. From this period we find no mention of Capt. Williams till May 1809, when be obtained the command of the Dryad frigate stationed off Portland for the suppression of smuggling. In Feb. 1803, he was removed into the Russel 74, and soon after ordered to escort the outward-bound trade to the East Indies, from whence he was obliged to return home through illhealth in 1805. His subsequent appointments were to the Ruby 64, Dictator of the same force, and Gloucester 74. In these ships he served on the Baltic station during five successive seasons, and was principally employed in affording protection to the different convoys passing through the Great Belt, a service of the most harassing nature, owing to the difficulty of the navigation, and the annoyance of the enemy, whose gun-boats were ever on the alert. Returning to England each winter, he was occasionally sent to Leith with French prisoners; and on one occasion attached to the fleet blockading the Scheldt, under Adm. Wm. Young. In 1814, the Gloucester convoyed a fleet to the Leeward Islands, and thence escorted the 90th regiment to Quebec. She returned to England with the trade from Barbadoes in September of that year, and was soon after paid off at Sheerness. Capt. Williams was advanced to the rank of Rear-Admiral April 9, 1823. He had latterly resided in Bath, where his wife died early in 1825. LIEUT.-GEN. JOHNSTON. March 17. Near Hytbe, in Kent, Lient.. General William Johnston, Colonel-commandant of Royal Engineers. This officer was appointed Practitioner Engineer and second Lieutenant in the Royal Engineers, Oct. 20, 1775; first Lieutenant, Jan. 1,1783; Captain, May 22, 1790; Major in the army, Jan. 26, 1797; Brevet Lieut.-Colonel, April 29, 1802; Lieut.-Colonel Royal Engineers, July 15, that year; Colonel of the same force, June 24, 1809; Major-General, Jan. 1, 1812; and Lieut.-General 1825. He served seven years in the Mediterranean and twenty-seven in the West Indies. He assisted during the blockade and siege of Minorca under Gen. Murray in 1781-2, and was wounded; he served at Gibraltar during the latter part of the siege in 1782-3; assisted twice at the capture of Minorca, under Sir C. Grey and Sir G. Beckwith; directed and superintended the demolition of Fort Bourbon, Martinico; assisted thrice at the reduction of Guadaloupe, under Sir C. Grey, Sir G. Beckwith, and Sir J. Leith, the last time as Commanding Engineer, and was present twice at the reduction of St. Lu ་། cia, and once at the reduction of Tobago, where he remained Governor and Military Commandant after Gen. Picton's removal. GEN. CAULAINCOURT. Feb. 20. At his hotel, 57, Rue St. Lazare, Paris, aged 54, Lieut.-General Armand Augustine Louis Caulaincourt, created by Buonaparte Duke of Vicenza, and formerly Grand Ecuyer of the Empire of France and Minister for Foreign Affairs. Descended from an ancient family, M. Caulaincourt was born in Picardy in 1772. Devoted to the profession of arms, he was at the commencement of the Revo lution an officer of cavalry. He did not emigrate, but served under the revolutionary standard; and, after making several campaigns as a Colonel of Dragoons, he became Aid-de-camp to Buonaparte when First Consul. Having obtained the confidence of his aspiring master, he was regarded as a suitable agent for the arrest of the Duc d'Enghien. In the course of the same year, he was named Grand Ecuyer of France, made General of Division, and presented with the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour. He subsequently received various orders of Knighthood, from Bavaria, Saxony, Prussia, Russia, and Austria. At the time when Buonaparte was carrying on his plans against Austria, Caulaincourt was sent as Ambassador to St. Petersburg, He was four years resident at the Rus sian Court, and received from the Emperor Alexander the cross of the order of St. Ann of the first class. Regarded, however, with dislike by the Russian nobility, he was subjected to various mortifications; and at length, under the well-understood pretext of ill health, be solicited and obtained his recall, and returned to France in 1811. In Buonaparte's infamous expedition against Russia in 1812, Caulaincourt was his chosen Aid-de-camp and companion; and, after a narrow escape from fire, sword, and frost, be returned with his crest-fallen Master in a sledge. After the desperate battles of Zutzen and Bautzen in 1815, the deceased was appointed to negociate with the Russian and Prussian plénipotentiaries. The ar mistice, to which he was a party, was soon broken; and the defeat of Buonaparte, at Leipsic, ensued. After hostilities had been removed from Germany to France, Caulaincourt, who had been elevated to the post of Minister for Foreign affairs, was sent to negociate with the allies at Chatillon, but, on some temporary success achieved by Buonaparte, he was instructed to raise his claims; the consequence of which was, that the allies broke off the conferences, and marched to Paris. On the abdication of Buonaparte at Fontainbleau, Caulaincourt, then Duke of Vicenza, was the abdicator's chief negociator; and he signed the treaty of the 11th of April between the ex-Emperor and the Allies. On the restoration of the Bourbons, Caulaincourt became a private man; and, before a month was at an end, he made an attempt to justify himself respecting the arrest of the Duke d'Enghien. On, this subject he published a letter from the Emperor Alexander; his object inthis was to shew that when the arrest took place, he was employed at Strasburgh on other business-that General Ordonner was the officer who arrested the prince,—and that Ordonner alone was employed in that affair. Soon, afterwards, however, a pamphlet appeared, with the title-“On the Assassination of Monseigneur the Duke d'Enghien, and of the justification of M. de Caulaincourt." The pamphlet was anonymous; but it was forcibly writ ten, and, by references to diplomatic documents, it formed a decisive refutation of Caulaincourt's assertions. Caulaincourt about the same time married Madame de Canisy, a lady who had been divorced; and with her he retired into the country till Buonaparte returned from Elba. He was then (March 21) made Minister for Foreign Affairs. He was extremely active in his endeavours to reestablish the Corsican dynasty; and he was incessant in his assurances to all the Foreign ministers-whose missions were in fact, at an end-that Buonaparte had rénounced all projects of conquest, and that his only desire was peace. He addressed circular letters, of the same tendency, to all foreign courts, but equally without effect. One of these circulars came afterwards, with a letter from Buonaparte, to his present Majesty, then Prince Regent. These curious documents were both laid before Parliament. A conciliating and even humble letter was sent by Caulaincourt to the Emperor of Austria; but, like the others, it received no answer. On the 2d of June, Caulaincourt was named by Buonaparte a Member of the Chamber of Peers. On the 17th, he announced to that body, that hostilities were on the point of commencing. He was again employed as one of the Commissioners on the final deposition of his master. When Louis XVIII. was reinstated, Caulaincourt quitted France, and for some time resided in England. He endured a long illness with great fortitude, and his funeral took place on the 28th of Febru ary, in the Church of Our Lady of Loretto. M. PESTALOZZI. Feb. 17. At Neuhof, in Switzerland, aged 82, M. Pestalozzi, a "benefactor of the human race." Pestalozzi was born at Zurich, in 1746. Having lost his father at an early age, he was brought up by his mother, who procured for him the advantages of a good education. His intention was to have devoted himself to the bar; but becoming deeply interested in the various plans which were agitated in Zurich for bettering the condition of the lower orders, he abandoned the study of the law; and was afterwards induced to undertake a manufacturing speculation, with a view of enter ing into closer contact with the poor. His plan seems to have been somewhat similar to that pursued by Mr. Owen at Lanark; so far, at least, as connecting the instruction of the young with the labours of their parents. But a series of unfortunate circumstances ruined his establishment. In the retirement that ensued on his failure, he composed his Tale of Leonard and Gertrude, a work which may vie in popularity with the Pilgrim's Progress, or Robinson Crusoe. It became popular in Germany as well as in Switzerland, and the author was encouraged to renew his exertions. Between the years 1781 and 1797, he published his Weekly Journal for Country Folks, Letters on the Education of the Children of indigent Parents, Reflections on the March of Nature in the Education of the Human Race, &c. After the abolition of the ancient Swiss Governments, and the meeting of the Helvetic Legislative Council at Aran, M. Pestalozzi addressed to the Council a tract, entitled "Reflections on the Wants of the Country, and principally on the Education and Relief of the Poor." He was appointed principal editor of the Helvetic Journal, a paper devoted to the moral and religious interests of the people. In 1799 he was nominated director of an orphan institution, which the Government had established at Stantz. This appointment enabled him to reduce some of his theories to practice; at Stantz, he becaine at once the teacher, steward, and father of the institution; and there he formed the plan of interrogative education, which has since been known throughout Europe by his name. "I wished to prove," writes he to his friend Gessner, "by the essay I was about to make, that public education is of value, only as far as it resembles private. Every system of education, which is not carried on in the spirit of domestic relations, tends to demoralize man. instructor should live among his pupils, as in the bosom of his own family. This turn of mind I felt within myself, and I wished that my pupils should discover The from every word, action, and look, that I loved them with all my heart, that their pleasures were my pleasures, and that their happiness constituted mine." After struggling with the difficulties of his position for several months, Pestalozzi was enabled to discern the fruits of his labours. Many of his pupils announced good abilities, and in a short time were seen above seventy children, taken almost all from a state of poverty, living together in peace and friendship, full of affection for one another, and with the cordiality of brothers and sisters. He had just succeeded in introducing some manual employment into his school, when the thread of his labours was rudely snapped by political changes; aud exhausted in mind and body, he sought to recruit his powers by retirement and relaxation. After an interval of repose, Pestalozzi, under the patronage of the Swiss government, resumed his labours at Burgdorf, in the canton of Berne. At this period he was joined by several men of various degrees of talent and attainment; and the patronage of the Swiss government augmented his pecuniary resources, and furnished him with a locale for his exertions. But political changes once more broke up the rising institution. The next period of Pestalozzi's career commences with the formation of two separate establishments, consisting, for the most part, of his former pupils. The children of the poorer class took up their abode at Munch Buchsee, a little village about five miles distant from Berne. Here Pestalozzi was much aided by M. de Fellenberg, who has since applied his principles of education, with some important modifications, to the instruction of both rich and poor. At Yverdun, in the canton de Vaud, Pestalozzi resumed his labours for the instruction of the higher and middle ranks of society. The fame of his method was now very generally spread through Switzerland and Germany. Many young men assembled under his paternal roof to act as instructors, and pupils from every part of Europe constituted one happy family around him. Each class had at its head an instructor, who lived with his scholars, and joined in their amusements as well as their studies; and thus, connecting himself not only with their duties, but with their pleasures, was enabled to win their affections, and gently mould them to his purpose. The character of Pestalozzi was the bond that united them; the kindness with which their masters treated them, and which overflowed in every word and action of Pestalozzi himself, contributed to impart a character of good humour and benevolence to the whole groupe. At Yverdun the principles of the method were applied to other branches of instruction, and the former plans were |