nemo est hæres viventis, ii, 224.

(See "Descent.")

Heiress, stealing of, iv, 208, 209, n.
Heir looms, ii, 17, 427 et seq.

not devisable apart from freehold, ii, 429.
Heirs, when word necessary to create fee, ii,
107, 120, n.

exceptions to this rule, ii, 108, n., 109, n.
Helping to stolen goods for reward, iv, 132.
Hengham, i, 72; iii, 409; iv, 427.

Heary I, his laws, iv, 420.

Heptarchy, iv, 410.

Heralds' visitation books, evidence of pedigree,

iii, 105.

Herbage, right to, ii, 34, 35, n.

Hereditament, what, ii, 17, 20, 106.

ejectment for, iii, 206.

Hereditary excise, i, 288, 319, 322.

Hereditary right to the crown, i, 191, 209.
Heresy, iv, 44.

Heretico comburendo, writ de, iv, 46, 439
Horato ha i 20 400 v 412

Heriots, ii, 97, 422.

Highway, remedy when out of repair, ii, 36, n
how established, ii, 35, n.
annoyances in, iv, 167.
offence of not repairing, id.
robbery in or near, iv, 243.
nuisances to, iii, 5.

Highways, surveyors of, i, 357, 358.
Hiring, ii, 453.

History of the law, iv, 407.

Hogs, keeping of in towns, iv, 168.
Holding over by tenant, iii, 210.

penalty therefor, ii, 151; iii, 211.

Holidays, note not to be protested on, ii, 469, n.
Homage, by bishops, i, 284, 379; iv, 421.

nature and varieties of, ii, 54, n., 300.

of a court-baron, ii, 91.
liege, i, 367.

simple, id.

Homicide, iv, 177.

when justifiable, iv, 178, 179.

in self-defence, iii, 3, n.; iv, 183

when excusable, iv, 182.

felonious, iv, 188.

self-murder, iv, 189.

manslaughter, iv, 191, 192.

murder, iv, 194 et seq.

Homine replegiando, writ de, iii, 129.
Honor of peer, i, 402.

answer upon, iii, 446.

Honor, court of, iii, 104.

titles of, i, 271; ii, 37, 91, 216; iv, 271.

Honoris respectum, challenge propter, iii, 261;
iv, 352.

Hop-binds, destroying, iv, 246.

Horse races, iv, 173.

Horses, sale of, ii, 450.

ill treatment of, iv, 246.
Hospitals, i, 471, 474.
their visitors, i, 482.
Hotchpot, ii, 190, 515, 517.
Hot house, robbery of, iv, 233.
House, is land, ii, 18.

grant of, ii, 18, n.

immunities of, iv, 223.

larceny from, iv, 240.

entering to demand or pay money not a tres-
pass, iii, 212.

(See "Arson," "Burglary.")

House-bote, ii, 35.
House duties, 1, 325.
House of commons, i, 158.

how elected, i, 175, 177.

its peculiar laws, &c., i, 169.

methods of proceeding in elections, i, 177
131.

VOL. II.-75

593

House of lords, i, 155, 158.

its peculiar laws, &c., i, 167.

writ of error to, from Ireland, iii, 410, n.
appeal to, from chancery, iii, 56.

its jurisdiction upon appeals and writs of
error, iii, 57; 427, 428.

quorum of, iii, 56, n.
Hue and ery, iv, 293.
Hundred, i, 116.

action against

246, 293, 411.

for robbery, &c., iii, 160; iv,

Hundred court, iii, 34, 35; iv, 411.
Hundredors, as jurors, iii, 359; iv, 352.
Hanger, does not excuse stealing. iv, 31.

wife's title by survivorship, ii, 433.

wife's equity to a settlement, ii, 434, R.

separate estate and restraint on anticipation,
ii. 293, n., 434, n., 436, n.

wife's paraphernalia, ii, 435.

husband's title by administration, ii, 435, 504.
liability of husband on wife's contracts, ii,
445, n.

liability of wife to be made bankrupt, ii,
477. 488. n.

restitution of conjugal rights, iii, 94.

246, n.

Impediments of marriage, i, 434.

Imperial chamber, iii, 39.

Imperial constitutions, i, 80.

Imperial crown and dignity, i, 241.

Implements of trade, distress of, iii, 9, n.
Implication, corporations by, i, 472, n.
repeals by, i, 89, n.

Implied contracts, ii, 443; iii, 159.
condition, &c., ii, 152, 300, 381, 443.
malice, iv, 200.

Improvements, patents for invention of, ii, 407
and n.

Incapacities, imposed as punishments, iv, 377.
Incendiaries, iv, 220.

Incest, iv, 64.

Incidental prerogatives, i, 240.

Inclosure of common, ii, 34; iii, 240.
destroying, iv. 247.

Income tax, i, 314, n.

Incorporation, power of, i, 472, 474.

cannot make wills, ii, 497.
jurisdiction of chancellor, iii, 427.
inspection of, iii, 332.

cannot appear by attorney, iii, 125.
Conveyance by or to, iii, 127, 291.
Idiota inquirendo, writ de, i, 303.
Idleness, iv, 169.

Ignominious punishments, iv, 377.
Ignoramus, iv, 305.

Ignorance, when it excuses crime, iv, 27.
Illegality of deed, &c.. ii, 156.

Imagining the king's death, iv, 76.
Imbezzling king's stores, &c., iv, 101.
(See "Embezzlement.")

Immorality, public offence of, iv, 65.

Immoral work, &c., no copyright in, ii, 407, n.
Impariances, iii, 299, 301.

Impeachment, in parliament, iv, 259.

not affected by session terminating, i, 156, n.

ejectment for, iii, 203.

Incorrigible roguery, iv, 169.

Incumbrances, covenant against, ii, App.

(See "Mortgage.")

Indecency, public offence of, iv, 65.

by vagrants, iv, 170, n.

Indebitatus assumpsit, iii, 154.

Indefeasible right to the throne, i, 195.

Indentures, ii, 295, 351.

of apprenticeship, i, 426.

Independence of the United States, i, 109, n.,

363, n.

India, government of, i, 109, n.

misdemeanors in, iv, 305.

Indicavit, writ of, iii, 91.
Indictable, what is, iv, 218.
Indictment, form of, iv, 306.
venue in, iv, 305.

copy of, iii, 126: iv, 351.
locality of, iv, 303.

certainty required in, iv, 306 and n.

when suflicient after verdict, iv, 306, n., 334, n.
Indorsement of bills and notes, ii, 467; iv, 441.
Induction to a benefice, i, 391; ii, 312; iv, 107.
Industriam, property per, ii, 391.

Infamous witness, ni. 370.

Infancy, its incidents, i, 464, 466.

Infants, contracts by, i, 465, 466, n.

in ventre sa mere, i, 129, 130, 463, n.; ii, 169
mortgagees, i, 455.

trustees, id.

w are, i, 463.

demurrer bya! and time to show cause
,430.

Infants, conveyances by and to, ii, 291.
wills of, ii, 497.
executors, ii, 503.

jurisdiction of chancery over, iii, 426.
inspection of, iii, 332.

carnal knowledge of, iv, 212.
evidence by, iv, 211.

when liable for crimes, iv, 22, 24, 158.
instigating to crimes, iv, 40.
stinting in food, &c., iv, 217.
child stealing, iv, 219.

Inferior courts, writs of error from, iii, 411
and n.

Information in the exchequer, iii, 261.

in respect of charities, iii, 427.

in the ecclesiastical courts, iii, 101.
appeal from, iii, 428.

compounding of, iv, 136.

criminal, iv, 308, 429, 436.

ex officio, iii, 427; iv, 308.

in crown office, iv, 303.

in nature of quo warranto. iv, 312, 441.

Informer, common, ii, 437; iii, 160; iv, 308.

Infortunium, homicide per, iv, 182.

Injunction, iii, 442.

to stay waste, ii, 282, n.

dissolution of, id.

Injuries, civil, iii, 2, 118.

Inheritable blood, ii, 246.

Interdictum, iii, 42.

Interesse termini, ii, 144.

Interest on money, ii, 454 et seq., 463, n.
among the Romans, ii, 462.

on legacy, ii, 513.

in bankruptcy, ii, 488.

distinction between contract for reducing and

contract for increasing, iii, 432.

Interested witness, iii, 370.

Interlineation in deed, ii, 303.

presumption of law as to the making, ii,
308, 11.

Interlocutory judgment, iii, 396, 448.
decrees, iii, 101, 452.
Interpleader, iii, 300, n.
by a sheriff, iii, 417, n.
in equity, iii, 443.
Interpretation of law, i, 58.
rules for, i, 60, 62.

(See "Statutes.",

Interregnum, i, 196, 249.

Interrogatories, iii, 3×3, 438, 444.

examination on, iv, 287.

Intestate, ii, 494; iv, 425, 428.

(See "Executors and Administrators.")
Intrusion, iii, 169.

information of, iii, 261.

writ of, iii, 183.

Inventions, patents for, ii, 407.

iii, 257; iv. 301, 424.

in case of escheats, i, 372, n.; iii, 258.
prosecutions on, iv, 274, 301, 302.

Inquiry, writ of, iii, 398.

Inquisitio post mortem, ii, 68; iii, 257.
Inquisition, what it is, iii, 257.

gives the king his right by record, iii, 258.
may be traversed, ii, 260.

Inrolment of annuity deeds, ii, 461.

of bargain and sale, ii, 338.

Insidiatio viarum, iv, 374.

Insimul computassent, iii, 162.

Insolvent debtors, relief of, iii, 415, n,, 484.
Inspection, trial by, iii, 331.

Installment, ii, 312.

Instanter, trial, iv, 396.

Institutes of Justinian, i, 81.

Institution to a benefice, i, 390; ii, 23; iv, 107.

Insurance, ii, 458 et seq.; iii, 74; iv, 441.
on lives, ii, 459.

marine, i, 460.

wagering policies, ii, 460.

interest or no interest, ii, 460.

of lender on bottomry and respondentia, ii,
461.

of lives by annaitants, ii, 461.
Intent in larceny material, iv, 232.

in forgery, iv, 248, n.

in offences against the person, iv. 208, n.

in case of crime by drunken person, iv, 25, n.

Investiture, ii, 32, 53, 209, 311.
Involuntary manslaughter, iv, 192.
Ireland, i, 99, 104.

writ of error from superior courts of, iii,
410, n.

relief from forfeitures of leases in, iii, 435.
disestablishment of state church of, iv, 443, n.
Irish peerages, i, 100, n., 154, n.
Irons to secure prisoners, iv, 300, 322.
Islands, title to new, ii, 261.
Issuable terms, iii, 353.
Issue, collateral, iv, 396.

in criminal cases, iv, 399.
joinder of, iii, 315; iv, 340.
tender of, iii, 312, 314.

of fact, when said to be joined, iii, 315.
directed by court of equity, iii, 452.

on distringas, iii, 280.

Itinerant courts, iv, 411, 422.

justices, iii, 59; iv, 422.

Jactitationis matrimonii causa, iii, 93.

Jenks, refusal to grant habeas corpus to, iii, 135.
Jeofails, statutes of, iii, 407; iv, 375, 439.

Jersey, Isle of, i, 103.

Jetsam, i, 293; iii, 106.
Jew bill, i, 375.

Jews, iv, 373.

exclusion of, i, 375.

appointment of guardians by, i, 462, n.
legal protection to i, 425.

maintenance of their protestant children, i,

Joinder of actions, iii, 295, n.

Joint owner of chattel, crown cannot be, ii. 409.
Joint tenancy, ii, 180 et seq.

dissolution of, ii, 185.

good faith required in, ii, 194, n.
Jointure, ii, 137, 180.

Judgment, title to chattels by, ii, 436.
debt by, ii, 465.

remedy by elegit, ii, 162.

void if jurisdiction wanting, iii, 24, n.
arrest of, iii, 393, 394.

operates as a charge upon lands, iii, 419, n.
from what time it binds lands, iii, 420.
scire facias to revive, iii, 421 and n.
action of debt on, iii, 160.
jurisdiction of equity over, iii, 437.

decree in equity has the force of, iii, 453.
in criminal cases, iv, 375 et seq.
Judge in one's own cause, iii, 289 and n.
Judges, iii, 25, 356; iv, 440.

commissions of, i, 267.

are counsellors to the king, i, 229.
depositories of the common law, i, 69.
killing of, iv, 84.

assaults upon, iv, 125.

threats or reproaches to, iv, 126.

how counsel for prisoners, iv, 355.

are always. made sergeants, iii, 26.

in equity, iii, 441, 442, 444.

punishment for misbehavior, iii, 408.
summing up of, iii, 375, n.

Judicial committee of the privy council, i, 232,

n., 280, n.; iii, 67, n., 80, n.

its present organization, iii, 69, n.

Judicial decisions, i, 63, 64.

Judicial power, i, 267, 269.

Judicial writs, iii, 282.
Judices ordinarii, iii, 315.
Judicium Dei, iv, 341, 342.

ferri, aquæ et ignis, iv, 344.

Jure, king de, i, 204; iv, 77.
Jure divino right of kings, i, 191.
Juris utrum, writ of, iii, 252.

Jurisdiction, plea to, iii, 301; iv, 333.
of courts of equity, iii, 426.
encroachment of, iii, 111.

want of, renders judgments void, iii, 24, n.
Jurors, fining or imprisoning, iv, 361.

list of, in sheriff's office, iii, 354, n.; iv, 351.
challenge of, iii, 358, 362, 363; iv, 352.
qualification of, iii, 361 and n.

trial of challenge of, iii, 362.

verdict formerly on their own knowledge, iii,

374.

may be sworn as witnesses, id.

should understand law, i, 8.

Jury, trial by, iii, 349.

its establishment in England, iii, 360.
excellence of trial by, iii, 354.

the glory of the English law, iii, 378.
impartial administration of the law promoted
by, iii, 379.

defects of trial by, iii, 381.

must formerly be hundredors, iii, 358.
may retire to consider verdict, iii, 375.
special, iii, 357.

common, iii, 358.

trial by, in criminal cases, iv, 348.
jury process, iv, 350.

award of tales, iv, 354.

verdict, iv, 360.

Jury, what persons exempted from serving on,
iii, 363.

unanimity of, iii, 375.

jury of women, iii, 362; iv, 365.
Jury, grand, iv, 302-306.
indictment by, iv, 303.

Jus ad rem, ii, 212.

Jus divinum of kings, i, 204.
Jus prætorium, iii, 49.
Justice, origin of, ii, 8, n.

right to, i, 141.

king, the fountain of, i, 266.

remedy by party's own act, iii, 1 et seq.

remedy by means of the courts, iii, 22 et seq.
neglect or refusal of, iii, 109.

offences against, iv, 128.

obstructing process, iv, 129.

escapes, prison breaches and rescues, iv, 129.
returning from transportation, iv, 132.
receiving stolen goods, &c., iv, 132.
theft-bote, iv, 133.

barretry, maintenance and champerty, iv,
134, 135.

compounding criminal information, iv, 136.
conspiracy, iv, 136.

threatening letters, and perjury, iv, 137.

bribery, embracery and false verdict, iv, 140
official negligence and oppression, iv, 140

a constituent part of parliament, i, 154, 261.
can do no wrong, i, 246; iii, 254; iv, 32.
councils of, i, 227.

dignity of, i, 241.

duties of, i, 226.
sovereignty of, i, 241.
title of, i, 190.

ubiquity of, i, 270.

expenditures of, i, 334, 335.

the arbiter of commerce, i, 273.
the fountain of justice, i, 266.
the fountain of honor, i, 271.
head of the church, i, 279,
injuries by or to, iii, 254.
perfection of, i, 246.
perpetuity of, i, 249.

property in game, id.

may take a chattel by succession, ii, 432.
ancient jewels of, are heir-looms, ii, 423.
prerogative presentation to a living, ii, 24, n.
no lapse of time to present by, ii, 277.
mortuary on death of bishop, ii, 413, 426.
forfeitures of lands to, ii, 237.

no general occupancy against. ii, 259.
words of limitation in grants to, ii, 103.
descent of crown to half-blood, ii, 253.

not bound by sale in market overt, ii, 449.
grants by, ii, 304, 345.

restrictions on alienations by, ii, 346, n.
mistake or deceit, ii, 348.

cannot grant monopolies except for inven-
tions, ii, 407.

revenue extraordinary of, i, 306
ordinary revenue, i, 281.

royal family of. i, 219, 225.

seals of, ii, 346; iii, 47.

suits formerly discontinued by demise of, iii,
295.

when preferred to other creditors, iii, 420.
and n.

judgment of, effects all lands of his officers,
iii, 420.

neither pays nor receives costs, iii, 400.
exceptions, iii, 400, n.

jurisdiction of exchequer in matters con-
cerning, iii, 420

palaces of, contempts against, iv, 124.
person of, contempts against, iv, 123.
prerogative of, contempts against, iv, 122.
felonies against, iv, 98.

counterfeiting seals of, iv, 83, 89, 92, n.
levying war against, iv, 123.
refusing to advise or assist, iv, 122.
can do no wrong, i, 243-246; iii, 254.
personal irresponsibility of. iii, 254.
King's bench, court of, iii, 40; iv, 265.
not fixed to certain place, iii, 41.
jurisdiction of, iii, 41.

fiction of defendant being in custody, iii,
42, n.

from what courts a court of appeal, iii, 43,
and n

writ of error from, to exchequer chamber,
iii, 43 and n.

process in, by original, iii, 284.

by bill of Middlesex, iii, 285.
by latitat, id.

justices of, killing, iv, 84.

King's counsel, iii, 27.

King's silver, ii, 350.

Knight, tenure of lands by, ii, 62.

bachelor, i, 494.

banneret, i, 403.

of the bath

1.

Knight of the garter, i, 410.

to be returned on a lord's jury, iii, 359.
of the shire, i, 176.
Knighthood, i, 404; ii, 69; iv, 437.
Knight's fee, i, 404; ii, 62.
Knight service, ii, 62.

Labor, the origin of property, ii, 5.
punishment by, iv, 370, 371, 377.
Laborers, i, 407, 426.

Laches of infants, i, 465.

not imputable to the crown, i, 247.
Læs majestatis crimen, iv, 75, 79.
Lesione fidei, suit pro, iii, 52.
Laity, i, 396.

Lancaster, county palatine of, i, 117, 119.
court of duchy and county of, iii, 78, 429.
practice of court of common pleas of, iii,
79, n.

Land, what is, ii, 16.

license to occupy, ii, 279, n.
left by sea or river, ii, 261.
history of right to alien, ii, 287.
re-entry on, iii, 4.

limitation of actions to recover, iii, 178, n.

in eye of the law is always enclosed, iii,

209.

possession of, sufficient to maintain trespass

against strangers, iii, 210, n.

plea in abatement not admitted in suit for."
iii, 302.

judgment is a charge upon, iii, 419.

from what time judgment binds, iii, 420.
Landlord, when may break open doors, iii, 11.
liability for nuisance, ii, 144, n.

may be made defendant in ejectment, ii,
204.

who considered such, iii, 204, n.

summary remedy by, when rent is in arrear,
iii, 206, n.

priority of, before execution creditor, iii, 417.
tenant estopped from disputing title, ii,
144, n.

(See "Tenure.")
Land tax, i, 309-314; iv, 423.
Lapse of devise and bequest, ii, 512.

of right to present to church, ii, 276; iv. 107.
Larceny, iv, 229-243.

must be a taking, iv, 230, 231.

by servants, clerks, agents, officers, &c., iv,
231, 235.

by lodgers, iv, 231 and n.

by party stealing his own goods, iv, 231.
the asportation, iv, 231.

the felonious intent, iv,

of letters, iv, 235.
from wrecks, id

232.

of reclaimed animals, ii, 289; iv, 235.
of fish, hawks and swans, iv, 236.
of domestic animals, ii, 289; iv, 235.
where owner is not known, iv, 236.
punishment of, iv, 237.

aggravating circumstances in, iv, 239.
from specified buildings, &c., 241, 242.
from the person, iv, 242.

by robbery, iv, 243.

sale of stolen goods, ii, 450.

receiving stolen goods, iv, 132.

taking reward to help to stolen goods, id.
Latitat, iii, 285.

Law, study of the, i. 1.