who, having now got that Opportunity, which they long thirfted after, came with an Army to Pentland, the Mers and Tweeddale. The Picts, not being able to refift them, fled to the Orkneys, where they liv'd for feveral Years.

After this, the Britains march'd against the Scots, who, notwithstanding of their weak Condition, refolv'd to try the Fortune of another Battel before they fubmitted to their Enemies: So, having met the Britains at Calderwood, they had a Bloody Engagement, wherein the Scots were overcome, and Two Thousand of them kill'd upon the Place; the reft fled to the Mountains and to the Caftle of Berigone, where the Scots King and fome of the Nobility were. Oenus, King of the Britains, being inform'd of this by his Spies, laid Siege to this Castle, which Reuther Defended a long time, with great Valour. At length, their Provifions failing them, a Propofal was made, that Lots thould be caft amongst them; and he,on whom the Lot did fall, should be put to Death, that his Body might be Meat for the reft, as long as any of them were alive. But, this favouring of too much Cruelty done to themselves, they rather refolv'd to make a Sally out of the Castle, and die valiantly amidft their Enemies.

Colane, Chiftain of Lorn, upon this, propos'd, that the King might endeavour to make his Escape by a Poftern-gate, whilft he and those, that would follow him, fhould engage with the Enemy. This was no fooner propos'd, but embrac'd; and Colane, fallying forth with a Hundred Men, kept the Enemy fo long in Play, that Reuther made his Escape,with a few that attended him; and, coming to the Sea-fide, where Boats were waiting for him, he fav'd himself in the Isles: But the Noble Chiftain of Lorne, and all his Retinue were kill'd. After this, the King went over to the Scots, in Ireland.

At length, after that the Scots and Picts had been, for Twelve Years, oppreft by the Britains, a new Race of Young Men, who had been enur'd to Labour and Hardship, join'd with Young Gethus, the Son of Old Getbus, King of the Pics; and, having fent word to King Reuther of their Defign, he came over from Ireland, and, Landing at Lochbroom in Rofs, he met Getbus; and, confulting together concerning the Management of the War, it was Refolv'd, that they should immediately Fight the Enemy. Not long after they met with Syfill, King of the Britains, and his Army; whom they immediately engag'd, and the Service was fo hot, and the Fight fo fharp, that neither Army had Reason to boaft. Both of them being wearied with Slaughter, a Peace was concluded between them; and, by one of the Articles, the Scots and Picts were reftor'd to all their Ancient Dominions and Poffeffions.

After this, Reuther spent the remaining part of his Life free of all Trouble, and Died much regreted by his Subjects, in the 26th Year of his Reign, and in the Year 187 before the Incarnation. He left Two Sons behind him by the the Daughter of Gethus, the one call'd Thereus, and the other, Fofina.

Thereus being of Nonage,R EUTHA,his Coufin-German,affum'd the Government. This Prince, being free from all Wars, made many Public and Profitable Laws for the Good of his Country. He order'd, that a Monument should be erected in Memory of every Illuftrious Perfon that Died. He brought in Merchandizing, amongst the People, by

Excambion of Goods; and was the Firft, who brought any Sort of Coin amongst them, caufing fo much Leather to be ftampt, and to pass at fuch a Rate in all the Public Markets, for purchafing of Goods or Victual. He brought into the Kingdom, from the adjacent Countries, all Sorts of Tradefinen: And was a great Encourager of Phyficians and Chirurgions; for, he Order'd, upon Pain of Death, that no Man fhould exerce any of thofe Employments, but thofe whofe Skill was unquestionable in them. In his time, the Famous Ptolemy, King of Egypt, having fent fome Geographers to take a View of the Northern Coun tries, they came to Scotland, and were very kindly Entertain'd by Reutha

THEREUS having,by this time,attain'd to a competent Age;Reutha refign'd the Government to him, as the only lawful Heir of the Crown, after he had Govern'd Seventeen Years.

Thereus, being Crown'd and acknowledg'd King, for the First Six Years of his Reign, Govern'd with great Wifdom and Moderation. But all of a fudden, giving a Loofe to his Paffions, he committed many extravagant Acts of Debauchery, which made him fo odious to his Subjects, that feveral of the Clans enter'd into a Confpiracy against him ; of which being inform'd, and not trufting to the Fidelity of his other Subjects, he fled to the Britains, who gave him no other Affiftance but their Protection. So that he was forc'd to lead the remaining Part of his Life in Exile, and Died at Tork, in the Twelfth Year of his Reign. Yet, fuch was the Loyalty of his Subjects, that, during all this time, they did not prefume to make Choice of another King, in his Place; but committed the Adminiftration of all Public Affairs to one Conanus, a Man of great Prudence and Wifdom, who no fooner heard of I hereus's Death, but he laid down his Charge; and Fofina, T'hereus's Brother,was Crown'd and Declar'd King in his Place.

JOSINA, upon his Acceffion to the Throne, renew'd the League with the Britains and Picts. He was well feen in Botany, and had a great Efteem for Phyficians. In his time, a Spanish Veffel was Shipwrack'd upon the Coast of Ross, the Coaft of Rofs, in which there were two Venerable Old Men, who, after they had ftaid for fome time, and taken a View of the Country,in a Conference with the King, did exhort him to Reform his People in their Superftitious Worship, and only to Adore one God, the Creator of all Things; to make a diligent Search after the Minerals, by which he would enrich his Subjects confiderably, their being more Riches beneath his Ground, than the Soil was capable to produce in Victual or any other Store. Fafina, having Reign'd Peaceably, Died in a good Old Age, at Berigone, in the Twenty Fourth Year of his Reign, leaving Two Sons, behind him, Finnanus and Donald.

FINNANUS fucceeded to his Father, and was a Prince of extraordinary Accomplishments. He made a Law, that his Succeffors, in all Bufinefs of any Import, fhould ask the Advice of their Great Council. He establish'd the Druids in the Isle of Man; and Died at Carnelon, where he had gone to see the King of the Picts then lying in a Fever, in the Thirtieth Year of his Reign; and from thence he was Tranfported and Buried at Berigone, amongft his Predeceffors. Finnanus left behind him one Son, call'd Durflus, whom he Marry'd, in his own time, to Agafia, Daughter to the King of the Britains.

Ꭰ

No.

Nothing did aggravate fo much the Lofs of Finnanus, as the Profligate Life of his Son DURSIUS, who succeeded him. For, he gave himself up wholly to Wine and Women,and drove away his own Wife, Daughter to the King of the Britains; which fo incens'd the Chiftains of Lorn, Argile and Rofs against him, that they _enter'd into a Confpiracy, with the Britains, for the Dethroning him. To prevent this, Durftus fends a long Apology to the Britains, defires his Queen to be return'd him, and their Affiftance against his Rebellious Subjects. But, the Britains having no regard to his Request, he fends a Meffage to his own Subjects, who were up in Arms against him, with Offers of Reforming all the Abufes, they complain'd of. This they agree'd to, and fent Doron, Chiftain of Lorn, to be Witnefs to his Swearing, in the Temple of Diana, That he would ftand to what he had Promis'd to them. Then they laid down their Arms, and there was nothing to be seen, about the Court, but Jollity and Feafting.

But Durftus, who was a deep Diffembler, not forgetting the Affront they had put upon him, invited the Prinicipal Leaders in this Rebellion, to his Castle of Berigone, where he put them all to Death. Upon this, a Civil War immediately broke forth; and a Battel was fought, in which Durftus was kill'd, and his Army entirely routed, after he had Reign'd Nine Years. Yet fuch Refpect they fhew'd him after his Death, that they bury'd him Splendidly amongft his Predeceffors. Durftus left two Sons behind him, Dothanus and Dongallus: But, the Rebels being afraid, that if they made Choice of any of them, they would Revenge their Father's Death,they Crown'd and Proclaim'd EVENUS or Ewen, Durftus's Coufin-German, their King,

Evenus, upon his Acceffion to the Throne, being afraid, that they might prove as Unfaithful to him, as they had done to Durftus, their Lawful Sovereign, made them take an Oath of Allegiance to him; and, knowing that Idlenefs is the Mother of Sedition, he join'd with the Picts against the Britains. Upon which, a Bloody War enfued, and betwixt them a long and cruel Battel was fought, till Night parted them; the Victory being fo uncertain, that both Armies departed with equal Slaughter and equal Fear. The Britains went Home, the Scots and Picts retir'd into the next adjacent Mountains: But, the Day after, perceiving from the Tops of the Mountains, that the Britains were gone, and had left all their Baggage behind them, Evenus came and gather'd up the Spoil, diftributed it amongst his Soldiers, and, after he return'd Home, concluded a Peace with the Britains, divided the Kingdom into Circuits, and fettled Judges, in every Circuit, to Administer Juftice unto the Lieges. He alfo appointed Informers, to bring in Accufations against the Guilty; and made feveral other Good Laws for the Difcipline and bringing up of the Youth in all manner of Exercifes and Hardships. He Died in the Nineteenth Year of his Reign, leaving behind him a Natural Son, call'd, Gillus.

Upon the Death of Evenus, Durflus's two Sons, Dothanus and Dongallus, contended for the Kingdom: For, they being Twins, each of them pretended to be the Eldeft. Gillus, Evenus's or Ewen's Baitard Son, under a Pretence of reconciling them, brought them to a Conference at his House; and, after he had made feveral Propofals to them, some Men, whom he had purposely conceal'd in his Houle for that end,came

in upon them, and kill'd them both. After this, GILLUS ufurp'd the Throne, and got himself declar'd King; Yet, not thinking himself fecure, as long as any of the Royal Family was alive, he went to the Isle of Man, where, Dothanus's Three Sons were: The Eldeft, Lifmorus, was about Twelve Years of Age; the Second, Cormacus, Ten; and the Third, Ederus, not fully Three. He brought Lefmorus and Cormacus alongft with him, to his Caftle of Dunftaffage, under the fpecious Pretext of giving them a better Education: But, they were no sooner arriv'd there, than he put them both to Death; and order'd the Guard,whom he left, in the Iile of Man,with Ederus the Youngeft,to put him to Death likewife, when they heard of the News of his Two Elder Brethren. But Ederus's Nurfe, fufpecting the worft, ftole him away privately, in the Night time, to the Iles. So foon as the Chiftains heard of the Murder of thefe Two Princes, they got together all their Vaffals and Followers; and, under the Command of Cadalus, Chiftain of the Brigantes, whom they made Choice of for their General, they march'd against him: But he, being advertis'd of it, fled, in a Fisher-boat, over to Ireland. Upon this, Cadalus embark'd his Men, and Landed in Ireland with his whole Army. Gillus, having got fome of the Irish to join him, gave Battel to Cadalus; but he was overthrown, taken Prisoner and put to Death in the Third Year of his Reign. The Scots Army, in their Return, were most of them all loft by a Tempest.

Cadalus, after his Return, found out the Young Prince Ederus, and his Nurfe; but, he being of Nonage, Evenus or Ewen, the Second of that Name, was made Governor of the Kingdom; for, he was the next in Kin, being a Nephew of King Finnanus.

EVENUS, in the Beginning of his Government, renew'd the League with Gethus, King of the Picts, and Marry'd his Daughter Siora; Belus, King of Orkney, having made a Defcent upon Rofs, he fell fuddenly upon him, and drove him to his Ships, and cut the moft of his Army to Pieces; and Belus, Defpairing of Quarter, flew himself. After he had finish'd this War, he built for Trade the Towns, Ennerlochy and Ennernefs, each of them receiving their Name from the Rivers gliding by them: For, Enner, amongst the Ancient Scots, fignifies a Place whither Ships do ufually refort. He gave the City of Epiac to Cadalus and his Polterity; he erected a Monument, upon his Death, in Memory of him: And, EDERUS being of a fufficient Age, he put him in the Peaceable Poffeffion of the Throne of his Ancestors, after he had Govern'd the Kingdom Seventeen Years.

In the Beginning of Ederus's Reign, one, Bredius, an Iflander, made an Infurrection, which was immediately Quell'd. He fent his Affiftance to the Britains against the Emperor Julius Cefar, who had Invaded them. The Particulars of which Expedition, Cefar gives an Account of, in his Commentaries (c), where we find,that it was in the Confulate of Pompey and Craffus, which was in the Year of Rome 699, or the 55 before the ufual Era of Chrift. And, as to the Time of the Year, he says, That it was Exigua parte ftatis reliqua, and Four Days before a Full Moon, which fell out in the Night time. He came over only with two Legion, viz. the Seventh and Tenth, and all Foot, in about Eighty Sail of Merchant Ships; Eighteen Sail, that were order'd to carry over the D 2

Horse,

() Vid. Cal. Com. Lib. 4. & §:

Horse, not being able to get out at the fame time, from another Port, where they lay Wind-bound. He fays,that he arriv'd about the Fourth Hour of the Day, viz. between Nine and Ten in the Morning, on the Coaft of Britain; where he found the Enemy drawn up upon the Cliff, ready to repel him. Which Place he thus Defcribes, Loci hæc erat natura, adeo montibus anguftis Mare continebatur ut ex locis fuperioribus in litus Telum adjici poffit. He conjectures the Distance, betwixt Britain and the Continent, to be circiter millium paffuum triginta. Here, he fays, he came to an Anchor, and staid till the Ninth Hour, or till about Three and Four in the Afternoon, expecting till the whole Fleet was come up: And, in the mean time, he call'd a Council of War, and Advertis'd his Officers, after what manner they were to make their Defcent, particu larly in Relation to the Suff of the Sea, whofe Motion he calls, celerem atque inftabilem, quick and uneven. Then, about Three in the Afternoon, he weigh'd Anchor; and, having gotten the Wind and Tide with him, he Sail'd about Eight Miles from the First Place, and Anchor'd againt an open and plain Shore,here he made his Descent. And, after he had been Four Days in Britam, the Eighteen Ships, with his Horfe, put to Sea,and were come within Sight of his Camp: But, a fudden Tempeft arifing with contrary Wind, fome of the Ships put back again; others were driven to the Weftward, not without great Danger, and, coming to an Anchor, they found they could not Ride it out; fo, when Night came on, they put off to Sea,and return'd from whence they came. The fame Night it was Full Moon, which makes the greatest Tides in the Ocean; and, they being ignorant thereof, their Gallies, which were drawn on Shore, were fill'd by the Tide, &c. Then, he fays, that the Day of the Autumnal Equinox being at hand, after fome Days ftay, wherein there pafs'd no Action, because he kept clofe in his Camp by the Shore; and, not thinking it proper to ftay till the Winter came on, he return'd into Gallia. The next Year, he made a further Expedition with Five Legions and a good Body of Horfe; having fet Sail from the Portus Icius,about Sun-fet, with a gentle South-West Wind, leni Africo profectus, about Midnight it fell calm; and, being carry'd away with the Tide, by the time it was Day, he found he had left Britain on the Left Hand: But then the Tide turning, they fell to their Oars, and by Noon reach'd that Part of the Ifland, where he Landed before, and came on Shore without Oppofition; and then march'd up into the Country, leaving his Ships at Anchor.

From thefe particular Circumstances of this Invafion, the Ingenious. and eminently Learn'd Mathematician, Mr. Edmond Halley (d) has determin'd the Time to a Day; and the Place, from whence he came, and where he Landed. For, fays he, by the Eclipfe of the Moon, "whereof Drufus made fo good Ufe to quiet the Mutiny in the Pan"nonian Army, upon the News of the Death of Auguftus; it follows, that Auguftus Died An. Chr. 14. which was reckon'd Anno Urbis condite 767. and that this Action was 68 Years before, viz. in the 55. "Year before Chrift, current; in which Year, the Full Moon fell out, Auguft 30. after Midnight, or 31. in the Morning before Day; the preceeding Full Moon was Aug. 1. foon after Noon. So that this could not be the Full Moon mention'd, as falling in the Day-time;

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(d) Vid. Phil. Tranfact. N. 193. Pag. 496.

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nor