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CONSTANT.

TIDAL CONSTANTS

FOR VARIOUS BRITISH, IRISH, AND EUROPEAN PORTS.

By applying the Tidal Constant of the place, according to its sign (+ add, sub.), to the time of high water on the given day at the port of reference, you have the time of high water at the place sought.

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PLACE.

Jersey (St. Helier) Kinsale

PORT OF REFERENCE.

Barnstaple bridge

.....

+0 50 Brest

-2 25 Kingstown
-0 18 Greenock
-1 49 Leith

-1 14 Queenstown

....-0 26 Weston-s.-Mare -0 2 Brest

Beachy head & Rye bay +0 8 Dover

Beaumaris

Belfast

Berwick

Blyth

Bordeaux

Boulogne

Bridport

-0 51 Liverpool

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+0 22 Devonport

-2 2 Brest

-1 56 Liverpool

+0 37 Dover

-0 23 Greenock

+0 2 Weston-s.-Mare -4 22 Liverpool

-0 10 Kingstown
-0 47 London
+4 2 Brest
-1 37 Londonderry
-0 23 N. Shields
-0 10 Brest

-0 27 Dover
+4 41 Greenock
-2 21 Leith

+0 33 Devonport
+0 3 Dover

+7 19 Brest

+0 3 Kingstown
+0 17 Queenstown
-0 11 Liverpool
+0 2 Kingstown
-0 16 Kingstown
-0 27 Dover
+0 56 Dover

+0 38 Devonport
-0 46 Devonport
+6 57 Brest
-0 47 Brest

-1 59 Hull

-0 12 Liverpool -0 5 Dover

-0 29 Devonport +1 42 Dover

-0 26 Queenstown -1 27 Brest

+0 10 Greenock

+2 51 Weston-s.-Mare +2 26 Brest

-0 48 London

-0 53 Hull

+2 50 Brest

+0 5 N. Shields -1 52 London

+6 4 Brest

+0 21 Dover -1 12 Liverpool -0 53 N. Shields

+5 42 Brest -1 59 Leith

Lerwick (Shetland)
Limerick..
Lisbon bar
Littlehampton
Llanelly bar
Lowestoft

....

Lynn & Boston Deep.
Margate
Maryport

Milford Haven entr.
Montrose
Morlaix
Needles point
Newcastle

Newhaven

Newport

Nieuport
Nore
Orfordness
Oporto
Ostende
Padstow
Peel, Isle of Man
Pembroke Dock
Penzance
Peterhead

Piel harbour, Barrow
Plymouth breakwater
Poole
Port Carlisle

Portland breakwater
Port Patrick
Portsmouth
Ramsgate

Rotterdam

Santander
Scarborough
Selsea bill
Sheerness
Shoreham
Sligo bay..
Southampton
Spurn point
St. Ives
St. Malo
St. Mary (Scilly)
St. Nazaire..
Stornoway

Stromness (Orkneys)
Sunderland
Swansea bay
Tay bar
Tees bar
Tenby
Thurso..
Torbay..
Tralee bay
Ushant (Ouessant)
Valentia harbour
Waterford
Westport..
Wexford
Whitby
Whitehaven
Wick..
Wicklow
Workington
Yarmouth road
Youghall...

H. M.

+2 38 Brest

-0 18 Queenstown

-3 47 Leith

+1 15 Queenstown

-1 17 Brest

+0 24 Dover

-0 38 Weston-s.-Mare

-4 1 London

-0 29 Hull

-2 18 London

+0 3 Liverpool

-0 58 Weston-s.-Mare

-0 52 Leith

+1 6 Brest

-1 26 Dover

+0 23 N. Shields

+0 39 Dover

+0 16 Weston-s.-Mare

+1 6 Dover

-1 28 London

-2 43 London

-1 17 Brest
+1 13 Dover
-1 41 Weston-s.-Mare
-0 15 Liverpool

-0 42 Weston-s.-Mare
-1 13 Devonport
-1 43 Leith
-0 18 Liverpool
-0 6 Devonport
-2 2 Dover
+0 47 Liverpool
+1 18 Devonport
-0 58 Greenock
+0 29 Dover
-2 19 London

+4 33 Dover

-0 17 Brest
+0 48 N. Shields
+0 33 Dover
-1 21 London
+0 22 Dover

+0 17 Queenstown
-0 42 Dover

-1 3 Hull

-2 10 Weston-s.-Mare

+2 18 Brest

-1 16 Devonport

-0 7 Brest

+6 88 Greenock

-5 17 Leith

-0 1 N. Shields

-0 53 Weston-s.-Mare

-0 11 Leith

+0 22 N. Shields

-1 12 Weston-s.-Mare

-5 49 Leith

+0 17 Devonport
-0 58 Queenstown
-0 15 Brest

-1 19 Queenstown
+0 19 Queenstown
-0 4 Queenstown
+2 20 Queenstown
+0 22 N. Shields
-0 9 Liverpool
-2 55 Leith
-0 41 Kingstown
-0 19 Liverpool
-4 43 London

+0 13 Queenstown

MARINE INVENTIONS.

Monthly List of Patents-Communicated by Messrs. Wm. P. Thompson & Co., British and International Patent and Trademark Agents and Consulting Engineers, 323, High Holborn, London, W.C., and 6, Lord Street, Liverpool.

ENGLISH (APPLICATIONS.)

4640. Gaspare Minisini, Turin, Italy. "Improvements in the means of obtaining motive-power from the motion of ships or waves, and in the application of such motive-power for pumping, part of which improvements may be applied for the construction of pumps generally." (A communication.)

4708. James White, Glasgow. "Improvements in, and connected with, electric bells, specially designed for signalling from the rooms of passenger ships, and hotels, and for other like purposes." 4710. William Sayer, Derby. "A new or improved pressure and vacuum apparatus for starting, steering, stopping, and reversing torpedo and other boats."

4733. George Wilson, Westminster. "An improved method and apparatus for the purpose of propelling vessels, and also for other purposes."

4845. George F. Lyster, Liverpool. "Improvements in appliances for facilitating the discharge of grain and bulk cargo from ships."

4878. John Louis Lay, Paris, France. "Improvements in torpedo boats, and in apparatus to facilitate the working of the same." (A communication.)

4921. James Donaldson, Birkenhead. "Improvements in the construction of, and method of propelling, high speed torpedo and other small boats."

4958. Moska Marichenski, Poplar, Middlesex. "Improvements in apparatus for propelling boats."

5053. Milton Stuart, Antwerp, Belgium.

"Improved mode of

shipping palm oil and other oils and greases of somewhat similar consistence, and improvements in, and appertaining to, receptacles for the same." (A communication.)

AMERICAN.

221412. Robert G. Jones, Pittsburg, Va. "The construction

of barges, boats, &c."

221538. Frederick J. Dennis, Chicago.

BELGIAN.

66

"Marine signal-lamps."

49605. P. A. Greil. "A universal joint for a propeller-rudder." 49690. T. B. Heathorn. 'Improvements in apparatus for steering ships, vessels, boats, and torpedoes, and for checking their speed."

131051. Richard Mouluis.

131348. Watson. "An

vessels."

FRENCH.

"An oar for steering boats."

apparatus or machine for steering

131398. Barker. "Signals and signal apparatus for vessels in the open sea or at night."

GERMAN.

8392. G. Baumgarten, Forsthaus Grüna, near Chemnitz. "A propeller for vessels and balloons."

8411. A. Heel, Bielefeld. "An apparatus for propelling vessels by the suction and expulsion of a column of water."

8184. S. Duer, Westminster. "A hydraulic lift for river and canal boats."

INDIAN (BRITISH).

5. C. Fouracres, Deluee, on Sone, Shahabad, Bengal. "Dredging canals, docks, harbours, rivers, tanks, reservoirs, &c., for sinking wells, caissons, and foundations of all kinds; for lifting and discharging grain or other cargo in bulk from ships and boats, &c., &c., called 'Fouracres' automatic dredger.'"

VICTORIA.

2696. Henry Bell, James Bell, and Joseph James Colman, Glasgow, Scotland. "Improvements in processes and apparatus or arrangements for cooling and regulating the temperature and dryness of air in holds, saloons, and cabins of ships, in railway vehicles, hotels, theatres, halls, factories, hospitals, slaughterhouses, and other interiors."

PATENTS PUBLISHED.

INDICATING LAMPS.

1570. 21st April, 1879. Price 2d. John Harris, Wellclose Square, Middlesex (not proceeded with).—The object of this invention is to indicate the movements of a vessel's rudder. A lamp is placed in a conspicuous position adapted to give a light all round; this lamp is surrounded by two concentric cylinders of glass, one green, the other red; these glasses are mounted upon rods arranged alongside, and are by them raised or lowered so as to surround the lamp, the rods being coupled together so that as one glass ascends the other descends; they are also connected by interposed mechanism with the steering wheel. When the rudder is amidships the lamp appears without any interposed screen, and the cylindrical glasses are both hidden within a casing below the lamp. The movement of the helm from the midship position causes one or other of the glasses gradually to rise to view, and by the light of the lamp gives the indication required.

MARINE STEAM ENGINES.

1649. 26th April, 1879. Price 6d. George Hill, Westoe, South Shields, Durham. This invention has for its object to facilitate the use of fresh or distilled water in place of salt water for the working of steam engines used for propelling vessels, and at the same time to do away with the necessity of having openings through the sides of the vessel for drawing in and discharging the water for the working of the engine. For this purpose condensing chambers are placed on the exterior of the vessel; the exhaust steam from the cylinders of the engine is led by pipes to these condensing chambers and is condensed in them; the condensed water is allowed to flow from these chambers to a closed reservoir and is admitted to the boiler again by means of a closed supply vessel connected to both reservoir and boiler. A vacuum having been created therein by means of steam the water is admitted and thence it flows into the boiler.

MARINE CLOCKS.

1686. April 29, 1879. Price 4d. Henry Horatio Ham, Jun., Watchmaker, and Elbridge Gerry Pierce, Jun., Merchant, both of

F

Portsmouth, New Hampshire, U.S.A. (A communication.) (Complete specification.) The object of this invention is to improve that class of marine clocks usually called ships' watch clocks, causing them to strike the bells indicating the hours and halfhours of each watch with pauses between the blows in the same manner as when struck by hand, these clocks having hitherto struck the bells or indicated them in their order without denoting the pauses as given by a seaman while striking the ship's bell. This is mainly accomplished by fixing to the side of the main striking wheel a series of studs so spaced as to give the necessary pauses after each blow or series of blows; upon the shaft of this wheel and revolving with it once every four hours is a circular lock plate provided with notches on its circumference into which the stop lever engages as in the usual manner.

STEAM STEERING APPARATUS.

1899. May 13, 1879. Price 6d. George Donkin and Bryan Gray Nichol, St. Andrew's Ironworks, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.— This invention consists in the application to an ordinary steering apparatus, having fitted to it a steam engine and a steam supply and regulating valve, of an arrangement of level or mitre wheels and screws for actuating the regulating valve, by means of which steam is more conveniently admitted to, and automatically shut off from, the engines; and, in conjunction with the above, an arrangement of a spur-pinion and clutches, or friction-cones and sleeves, on the hand-wheel shaft, to allow the steam supply and regulating valve gear to be actuated by the ordinary hand-wheel and shaft in such manner that the steam may, by the movement of the handwheel and shaft, operate through the engine upon the rudder in the same direction, and more or less in the same degree as if the handwheel were operating on the rudder in the usual manner by hand.

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