2. The bakkali, which is subdivided in the same manner as the attari, but the kantar bakkali varies in different parts of the country. At Tangier it is equal to 1 cwts. (avoir.).

Measures of capacity.-The unit is the mud, which is sub-divided into the mud (nisf), múd (rubua) and mud (tumni). The mud varies greatly in different districts.

In some localities there are larger measures of capacity used for grain, but they are not known outside those districts.

Measures of length.—Cloth and other textiles are sold by the kala of 21 inches, i.e., the average length of a man's arm from the elbow to the end of the middle finger with the addition of the length of the middle finger. "Haiks" (woollen garments like a large blanket) and other coarse woollen materials of native weaving, carpets, matting, &c., are sold by the draa, or cubit, i.e., the length of an average arm from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger. At Tangier the draa measures 18 inches but in other parts it measures only about 18 inches.

The metre and yard also used by Europeans, and, to a certain extent, by Moors dealing in European goods.

CUSTOMS Duties.

Imports. An uniform rate of 12 per cent. ad valorem is levied on all imported goods except manufactured silks (pure and mixed), gold and silver jewellery, gold lace, precious stones (real or imitation), wines and spirits, macaroni and similar pastes, on all of which the duty is at the rate of 73 per cent. ad valorem. There is a special tariff on tobacco for smoking, cigars and cigarettes.

The importation of the following goods is prohibited:-Pipes for smoking, opium, sulphur, saltpetre and lead. Special regulations govern the importation and sale of powder, arms and ammunition.

Exports.-There is no special tariff of export duties.

CUSTOMS Regulations.

Captains of all merchant vessels arriving at a Moorish port must, within 24 hours of receiving pratique, deposit a copy of their manifests, signed by themselves and certified as correct by the consignees, stating the nature and origin of the cargo, as well as the marks and numbers of all cases, bales, packages, &c. Persons clearing goods for import or export must file a detailed statement specifying the kind, quality, weight, number, size, value and origin of the goods and also the kind, marks and numbers of the packages containing the same. Persons shipping goods to Moorish ports should therefore furnish the consignees with full particulars as above to enable them to clear them.

LANGUAGES.

The most important languages for commercial purposes are French, Spanish and Arabic. Most of the Moors speak Arabic only, but the European and Hebrew merchants generally know French and Spanish. The proportion of merchants (exclusive of British firms) who speak English is comparatively small.

POPULATION.

No census having ever been taken and many parts of the country having never been visited by Europeans, it is difficult to form even an approximate estimate of the population of the country. The estimates that have at various times been made vary greatly, the population having been estimated by some persons as considerably over 10,000,000 and by others at 4,000,000; probably 5,000,000 is not very far wrong. The population of the towns has been roughly estimated as follows:

These figures are based upon an estimate made by the General Delegate of the French Comité du Maroc, who has kindly communicated them to me.

The districts served by the different ports are, roughly speaking, as follows:Melilla.-The Riff, Debdu, Taza and generally the country lying north and east of Fez.

Tetuan. The immediate neighbourhood of the town, Sheshuan and the districts in that vicinity, extending to the Riff.

Tangier. The northern districts, Alcazar, Wazzan, Fez, Mequinez, and the districts served by them, extending to Tafilelt, &c.

Laraiche. The Gharb and Beni Hassen and the same as Tangier.

Rabat. The neighbouring districts and sometimes, when the roads are safe, Fez and Mequinez.

Casablanca (Daralbaida).—The Shawia, Beni Miskeen, Tadla, Bou Jaad and other tribes further inland, also, to some extent, Marakesh and the southern districts.

Mazagan.-Azimor and the Dukala province.

Saffi.-The Abad and Rahamna.

Mogador.-Shiadma and Haha, the Sus and southern districts.

These three last ports all serve the great southern tribes of the interior, Marakesh and the other smaller towns situated in them, as well as Tafilelt and the country south of the Atlas.

The Moorish Government maintains no postal service properly so called. Postal services have consequently long been established by the British, French, German and Spanish Governments, with offices at all the ports and at Fez,

Mequinez, Alcazar and Marakesh. Regular couriers are maintained between all these places, mails being also sent by all the steamers. There is a daily post to Europe viâ Cadiz and Algeciras, also parcel post and money order systems. The parcel post to and from the United Kingdom is weekly and parcels can be sent on the cash on delivery system. Rates of postage from the United Kingdom are On letters 1d. per oz., and on parcels 18. up to 3 lbs., 2s. to 7 lbs., 38. to 11 lbs.

Telegraphs.-The Eastern Telegraph Company have a cable from Tangier to Gibraltar. There are also a French cable to France viâ Algeria and a Spanish Government cable to Tarifa. The Moorish Government has wireless telegraph stations at Tangier, Rabat, Casablanca and Mogador. The French have a military line from Casablanca to Settat and other places in Shawia.

REGULAR Lines of Steamers trading to Moorish Ports.

British. Royal Mail Steam Packet Company.-Regular fortnightly sailings, London, Rabat, Laraiche, Gibraltar, Tangier, Casablanca, Mazagan, Saffi, Mogador, Canary Islands, Madeira and London. Schedule dates.

Power Steamship Company, Limited.-Regular fortnightly sailings. London to Morocco ports, Gibraltar and Melilla.

M. H. Bland and Co., Limited (of Gibraltar).—Regular sailings. Gibraltar to Tangier, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, and Tangier to Gibraltar the alternate days; Tangier to Tetuan, Saturdays and back Sundays. Also irregular sailings to Ceuta, Melilla, Laraiche and other western ports.

Ellerman Lines.-Irregular fortnightly sailings. Liverpool to Tangier, Malta and Alexandria, sometimes calling at Gibraltar, Oran or Algiers. These steamers rarely call at Tangier on the return journey.

French. Compagnie de Navigation Marocaine (N. Paquet et Cie.).-Regular sailings to schedule times. Punctual. From Marseilles on the 1st and 16th of every month to Tangier, Casablanca, Mazagan, Saffi, Mogador and back by same ports, arriving at Marseilles on the 26th day. Oran to Tangier and Casablanca and back to Oran, sailing from Oran on 1st, 9th, 16th and 24th of each month; irregular. Irregular sailings; Marseilles to Tangier and all western Moorish ports and back, sailing about 7th and 22nd of every month.

Cie. de Navigation Mixte (Touache).-Regular sailings from Marseilles every Wednesday; one week to Oran, Nemours, Melilla, Tetuan, Gibraltar, Tangier, Malaga, Nemours, Oran, Marseilles, and the next week to Oran, Nemours, Malaga, Melilla, Tangier, Melilla, Nemours, Oran, Marseilles.

Société Navale de l'Ouest.-Regular monthly sailings. Antwerp, Havre, Oporto, Lisbon, Tangier and on to: (1) Barcelona, Cette, Marseilles, or (2) Oran, Algiers, Bone. These steamers do not call at Tangier on the return voyage.

Cie. Generale Transatlantique.-Fortnightly sailings from St. Nazaire to Bordeaux, Tangier, Gibraltar, Oran, Algiers, Tangier, Bordeaux, St. Nazaire. Cie. Delmas Freres.-Irregular sailings; one or two sailings a month. La Rochelle, Bordeaux, Tangier, Oran, Algiers, Bone, Sfax, not calling at Tangier on return journey.

Societe Orano-Marocaine (M. Mazella et Cie.).-Irregular sailings every 10 or 12 days. Alternately: (1) Oran, Melilla, Ceuta, Tangier and back; (2) Oran, Melilla, Gibraltar, Tangier and back.

Spanish. Cia. Trasatlantica Española.-Regular sailings every Monday, Wednesday and Friday from Cadiz to Tangier, Algeciras and Gibraltar, and vice versa on the alternate days. Regular monthly sailings from Barcelona to Valencia, Alicante, Cadiz, Tangier (22nd of every month), Casablanca, Mazagan, Mogador, and back by Canary Islands and Cadiz.

Rius and Torres.-Regular monthly sailings. Barcelona to Valencia, Melilla, Gibraltar, Ceuta, Tangier and all western ports, and back to Tangier, Ceuta, Melilla, Oran, Algiers, Genoa, Marseilles and Barcelona.

Antonio Millan.-Irregular sailings about every three weeks from Seville to Cadiz, Tangier, Casablanca, Mazagan, Canaries and back.

Coriat Hermanos.-Irregular sailings from Malaga to Tetuan, Ceuta, Gibraltar, Tangier and back,

German. Deutsche Ost Afrika Linie.-Regular schedule sailings every three weeks. Punctual. Hamburg to Lisbon, Tangier, Marseilles, Naples, Port Said and East African ports to Durban and back.

Oldenburg Portugiesische Steamship Company.-Regular schedule sailings every fortnight. Hamburg to Antwerp, Gibraltar, Tangier and all western Moorish ports, and back.

Robert Sloman, Junior.-Irregular sailings to convey oxen to Barcelona. Dutch. Rotterdamsche Lloyd.-Regular schedule sailings. Punctual. Every fortnight. Rotterdam to Southampton, Lisbon, Tangier, Marseilles, Port Said and on to Batavia; on return journey they go direct from Tangier to Rotterdam. Nederland Royal Mail Steamship Company.-Regular fortnightly schedule sailings, alternating with sailings of Rotterdamsche Lloyd steamer. Punctual. Amsterdam, Southampton, Lisbon, Tangier, Algiers, Genoa, and on to Java; on return journey does not call at Southampton.

Royal Netherland Steamship Company.-Regular fortnightly sailings. Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Tangier, Malta, Smyrna, Alexandria, Beirut, Malta (or Gibraltar), Amsterdam.

Italian. Servizio Italo-Spagnuolo.-Regular sailings on 24th of every month. Genoa, Marseilles, Algiers, Oran, Melilla, Gibraltar, Ceuta, Tangier, Gibraltar, Melilla, Oran and Genoa.

Austria (Adria Company).-Regular monthly sailings from Fiume to Trieste, Algiers, Oran, Tangier, Gibraltar, Oran, Algiers, Catania, Trieste, Fiume.

STATISTICAL Tables.

The statistics regarding the trade of the ports appended to this report have been compiled from those prepared at the various ports by the Consular officers from the manifests of vessels arriving and clearing, and from information kindly furnished by local merchants and traders; but notwithstanding that great care has been bestowed on the work, which involved much labour, and that every effort has been made to attain as much accuracy as possible, the statistics can, I fear, be regarded at best as only approximate. The data contained in the manifests are very vague, weights and values being seldom stated, and even the class of goods contained in the various packages being generally only vaguely indicated. It has thus been necessary to adopt a system of averages based on such information as could be obtained from merchants. Since July I the Customs Committee, appointed under Article 97 of the Algeciras Act, undertook the preparation of statistics, and those have been made use of in the case of the port of Tangier. In future these statistics will be adopted, though even then accuracy will not at first be attained; it is hoped, however, that as the control and manage. ment of the custom-house become more effective, a better record will be kept of the goods imported and exported, so that eventually reilable statistics will be obtainable; at first they will certainly err on the side of understating the trade.

The statistics of the trade across the Algerian frontier are based on those published by the Algerian Government, whilst those of the trade at Melilla have been compiled from statistics published by the Chamber of Commerce of that town.

There is a considerable difference in the valuation of some of the articles at the ports and in the Algerian and Melilla statistics, which accounts for the apparent discrepancies in the value of articles imported from various countries.

In the statistics annexed to this report foreign trade alone is included, no account being taken of coasting trade. The trade of Gibraltar and Malta is classed with that of the United Kingdom; the trade with Algeria and Senegal with that of France, and the trade with Melilla and the Canary Islands with that of Spain.