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righteousness wherein he was created, and the corruption of his nature, whereby he is utterly indifpofed, difabled, and made oppofite unto all that is fpiritually good, and wholly inclined to all evil, and that continually x; which is commonly called original fin, and from which do proceed all actual tranfgreffions y.

Q. 26. How is original fin conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity?

A. Original fin is conveyed from our first parents unto their pofterity by natural generation, fo as all that proceed

all have finned. v. 19. For as by one man's difobedience many were made finners: fo by the obedience of one, fhall many be made righte

ous.

* Rom. iii. 10. As it is written, There is none righteous, no not one: v. 11. There is none that understandeth, there is none that feeketh after God. v. 12. They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable, there is none that doth good, no not one. v. 13. Their throat is an open fepulchre; with their tongues they have used deceit: the poifon of afps is under their lips. v. 14. Whofe mouth is full of curfing and bitternefs. v. 15. Their feet are fwift to fhed blood. v. 16. Destruction and misery are in their ways: v. 17. and the way of peace have they not known. v. 18. There is no fear of God before their eyes. v. 19. Now we know, that what things foever the law faith, it faith to them who are under the law: that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God. Eph. ii. 1. And you hath he quick. ened who were dead in trefpaffes and fins; v. 2. wherein in time paft ye walked according to the course

from

of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the fpirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience. v. 3. Among whom alfo we all had our converfation in times past, in the lufts of our fleth, fulfilling the defires of the flesh, and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others. Rom. v. 6. For when we were yet without ftrength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. Rom. viii. 7. Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: For it is not fubject to the law of God, neither indeed can be. v. 8. So then they that are in the flesh, cannot please God. Gen. vi. 5. And God faw that the wickednefs of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.

y James i. 14. But every man is tempted when he is drawn away by his own luft, and enticed. v. 15. Then when luft hath conceived, it bringeth forth fin: and fin when it is finished, bringeth forth death. Mat. xv. 19. For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, falfe witnefs, blafphemies.

26. z Pfal.

from them in that way, are conceived and born in finz. Q. 27. What mifery did the fall bring upon mankind? A. The fall brought upon mankind the lofs of communion with God a, his displeasure and curfe; fo as we are by nature children of wrath b, bond flaves to Satan c, and justly liable to all punishments in this world, and that which is to come d.

Q. 28. What are the punishments of fin in this world?

A. The punishments of fin in this world, are either inward, as blindness of minde, a reprobate fenfef, ftrong delufions,

26. z Pfalm li. 5. Behold, I was shapen in iniquity: and in fin did my mother conceive me. Job. xiv. 4. Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one. Job xv. 14. What is man, that he fhould be clean? and he who is born of a woman, that he should be righteous? John iii. 6. That which is born of the flesh, is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit, is fpirit.

times paft, in the lufts of our flesh, fulfilling the defires of the flesh, and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others.

e 2 Tim. ii. 26. And that they may recover themselves out of the fnare of the devil, who are taken captive by him at his will.

d Gen. ii. 17. But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil,thou fhalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof, thou fhalt fure

27. Gen. iii, 8. And they heard the voice of the Lord God walkingly dic. Lam. iii. 39. Wherefore doth in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid them felves from the presence of the Lord God, amongst the trees of the garden. v. 10. And he faid, I heard thy voice in the garden: and I was afraid, becaufe I was naked; and I hid myself. v. 24. So he drove out the man: and he placed at the eaft of the garden of Eden, cherubims, and a flaming fword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.

Eph. ii. 2. Wherein in time paft ye walked according to the courfe of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the fpirit that now worketh in the children of difobedience. v. 3. Among whom alfo we all had our converfation in

a living man complain, a man for the punishment of his fins? Rom. vi. 23. For the wages of fin is death: but the gift of God is eternal life, thro' Jefus Christ our Lord. Mat. xxv. 41. Then fhall he fay alfo unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye curfed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels. v. 46. And thefe fhall go away into everlasting punishment: but the righteous into life eternal. Jude 7. Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like manner giving themselves over to fornication, and going after ftrange flesh, are fet forth for an example, fuffering the vengeance of eternal fire.

28. Eph. iv. 18. Having the understand

lufionsg, hardness of hearth, horror of consciencei, and vile affections k, or outward, as the curfe of God upon the creatures for our fakes /; and all other evils that befal us in our bodies, names, estates, relations, and employments m; together with death itself n.

Q.29. What are the punishments of fin in the world to come? A. The punishments of fin in the world to come, are, everlasting feparation from the comfortable prefence of God, and moft grievous torments in foul and body, without intermiffion, in hell fire for ever o.

derstanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God, through the ignorance that is in them, becaufe of the blindness of their heart.

f Rom. i. 28. Even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient.

g 2 Theff. ii. 11. And for this caufe God fhall fend them ftrong delufion, that they fhould believe a lie.

b Rom. ii. 5. But after thy hardnefs and impenitent heart, treasureft up unto thyfelf wrath against the day of wrath, and revelation of the righteous judgment of God.

i Ifa. xxxiii. 14. The finners in Zion are afraid, fearfulness hath furprifed the hypocrites: who among us fhall dwell with the devouring fire? who amongst us fhall dwell with everlasting burnings? Gen. iv. 13. And Cain faid unto the Lord, my punishment is greater than I can bear. Mat. xxvii. 4. Saying, I have finned, in that I have betrayed innocent blood. And they faid, What is that to us? fee thou to that.

Rom. i. 26. For this caufe God gave them up unto vile affections: for even their women did change the natural ufe into that which is

against nature:

Q.30.

1 Gen. iii. 17. And unto Adam he faid, Because thou haft hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and haft eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, faying, Thou fhalt not eat of it: curfed is the ground for thy fake; in forrow fhalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life.

m Deut. xxviii. 15. to the end. But it fhall come to pafs, if thou wilt not hearken unto the voice of the Lord thy God, to obferve to do all his commandments and his ftatutes which I command thee this day; that all these curfes fhall come upon thee, and overtake thee. v. 16. Curfed fhalt thou be in the city, and curfed fhalt thou be in the field. v. 17. Curfed fhall be thy basket and thy ftore. v. 18. Curfed fhall be the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy land, &c.

Rom. vi. 21. What fruit had ye then in those things, whereof ye are now afhamed? for the end of those things is death. v. 23. For the wages of fin is death: but the gift of God is eternal life, through Jefus Christ our Lord.

29.2 Theff. i. 9. Who fhall be punished with everlasting destruction, from the prefence of the Lord,

and

Q.3°. Doth God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of fin and mifery?

A. God doth not leave all men to perish in the estate of fin and mifery p, into which they fell by the breach of the first covenant, commonly called the covenant of works q: but of his mere love and mercy delivereth his elect out of it, and bringeth them into an eftate of falvation by the fecond cove→ nant, commonly called the covenant of grace r.

Q.31. With whom was the covenant of grace made?

A. The covenant of grace was made with Christ as the fecond Adam, and in him with all the elect as his feeds. Q. 32. How is the grace of God manifefted in the second covenant?

A. The grace of God is manifefted in the fecond cove

and from the glory of his power. Mark ix. 44, 46, 48.To go into hell, --- Where there worm diethnot, and the fire is not quenched. Luke xvi. 24. And he cried and faid, Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and fend Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue; for I am torment ed in this flame.

30.pi Theff. v. 9. For God hath not appointed us to wrath; but to obtain falvation by our Lord Jefus Christ.

q Gal. iii. 10. For as many as are of the works of the law, are under the curfe, for it is written, Curfed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them. v. 12. And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doth them, fhall live in them.

Tit. iii. 4. But after that the kindness and love of God our Saviour toward man appeared, v. 5. Not by works of righteoufnefs, which we have done, but according

nant

to his mercy he faved us by the wathing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghoft; v. 6. Which he fhed on us abundantly, through Jefus Christ our Saviour: v. 7. That being Juftified by his grace, we fhould be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life. Gal. iii. 21. Is the law then against the promises of God? God forbid: for if there had been a law given, which could have given life, verily righteoufnels fhould have been by the law. Rom. iii. 20. Therefore by the deeds of the law, there fhall no flesh be juftified in his fight: for by the law is the knowledge of fin. v. 21. But now the righteouinefs of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets; v. 22. Even the righteoufnefs of God which is by faith of Jefus Chrift unto all, and upon all them that believe; for there is no difference.

31./Gal. iii. 16. Now to Abraham and his feed were the promifes made. He faith not, And to feeds,

as

nant, in that he freely provideth and offereth to finners a Mediator t, and life and falvation by himv: and requiring faith, as the condition to intereft them in him w, promiseth and giveth his holy Spirit to all his elect, to work in them that faith y, with all other faving graces z; and to enable them unto all holy obedience a, as the evidence of the truth of their faith b, and thankfulness to God c, and as the way which he hath gotten Son, that whofoever believeth in him, fhould not perish, but have everlasting life. John i. 12. But as many as received him, tơ them gave he power to become the fons of God, even to them that believe on his name.

as of many; but as of one, And to thy feed, which is Chrift. (Rom. v. 15. to the end.) Ifa. liii. 10. Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him, he hath put him to grief: when thou fhalt make his foul an offering for fin, he fhall fee his feed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord fhall profper in his hand. V. II. He fhall fee of the travail of his foul, and fhall be fatisfied: by his knowledge fhall my righteous fervant juftify many; for he fhall bear their iniquities.

32.1 Gen. iii. 15. And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy feed and her feed it shall bruife thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. Ifa. xlii. 6. I the Lord have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep thee, and will give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles. John vi. 27. Labour not for the meat which perifheth, but for that meat which endureth untoeverlasting life, which the Son of man fhall give unto you: For him hath God the Father fealed.

VI John v. 11. And this is the record, that God hath given unto us eternal life: and this life is in his Son. v. 12. He that hath the Son, hath life; and he that hath not the Son of God, hath not life.

w Luke iii. 16. For God fo loved the world, that he gave his only be

* Prov. i. 23. Behold, I will pour out my fpirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you.

y 2 Cor. iv. 13. We having the fame fpirit of faith, according as it is written, I believed, and therefore have I fpoken: We alfo believe, and therefore speak.

z Gal. v. 22. But the fruit of the Spirit, is love, joy, peace, long-fuffering, gentlenefs, goodnefs, faith, v. 23. Meeknefs, temperance: against fuch there is no law.

. Ezek. xxxvi. 37. And I will pus my Spirit within you, and caufe you to walk in my statutes, and ye fhall keep my judgments and de

them.

b James ii. 18. Yea, aman may fay, Thou haft faith, and I have works: fhewmethy faith without thy works, and I will fhew thee my faith by my works. v. 22. Seeft thou how faith wrought with his works, and by works was faith made perfect?

c2 Cor. v. 14. For the love of Christ constraineth us, because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead: v. 15. And that he died for all, that they who live, fhould not henceforth live un

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