STATISTICS OF POPULATION, &c. MILITIA FORCE OF THE UNITED STATES. The following is an abstract of the United States militia, from the Army In 1810 the total population of the city was 17,242. The census for 1820 gives a population of 27,176. In 1830 the returns show 46,310 inhabitants. In 1840 we had a population of 102,193. The census of 1850 gives us 116,375 souls, and that for 1860 swells the number up to 170,766. With the single exception of the period from 1840 to 1850, the growth of New Orleans has not, since 1810, fallen below 46 per cent in ten years, and its increase during the last decade is nearly in the ratio of the growth of New York, and above that of Philadelphia and Boston for the same period. *No returns from Iowa and Oregon, and the Territories of New Mexico, Washington, Kansas, and Nebraska. Free inhabitants. Anne Arundel... CENSUS STATISTICS OF MARYLAND. The following table will show the census returns of the State of Maryland, together with the comparisons of the census which was taken in 1860. It will be observed that, as far as Baltimore city and Howard County are concerned, there cannot be any comparison made, for the reason that the returns of the seventh census made an aggregate of both Baltimore city and county, and since that time Howard County was established by an act of the General Assembly of the State, being formed from sections of Anne Arundel and Baltimore Counties: Counties. Alleghany...... Baltimore... ... --Slaves.-- Deaths. -Dwellings.— 1860. 1850. 500 150 4,534 3,850 143 496 2,934 3,712 Calvert.. Caroline.... 808 39 Carroll..... Cecil. 23.559 18,667 802 Dorchester. Frederick.. 975 203 240 260 293 1,392 1,835 132 187 3,178 2,705 3,913 332 10,856 8,901 11,656 11,510 11,817 6,936 4,177 4,270 8,684 6,223 6,550 5,842 19,976 13,385 5,097 5,588 11,077 7,084 3,756 28,122 26,930 1,126 16,555 18,401 3,602 10,521 211,824 174,853 8,213 6,718 2,583 4,286 33,151 30,065 222 449 2,029 1,875 161 324 2,084 1,864 193 270 1,851 1,512 173 526 3,452 3,158 246 240 2,024 1,751 ... 214 359 5,283 5,052 ... Total...... 646,283 492,666 85,382 90,368 105,567 81,708 It will be perceived that the increase of population in the State for the last ten years is 148,531. The decrease in the number of slaves is 4,986; decrease of deaths, 3,224, and the increase in the number of dwellings 23,859. It is worthy of remark that the above returns are complete, and compiled from the official returns, with the exception of Alleghany County, in which several small precincts in the mountain region of the county are yet to hear from. The total amount of the population in the State is 731,565, whilst that of the year 1850 was 583,034. In 1850 the State had 90,368 slaves, and, as the number now is 85,382, the decrease is 4,986. The decennial movement of population in Maryland, since the year 1790, is shown by the following figures : POPULATION OF CHARLESTON. By these tables it will be seen that since 1850 the increase of white inhabitants has been 3,315, while the number of slaves has decreased 3,926 within the same period; the free colored having also decreased 184. It will be borne in mind, says the Charleston Mercury, that the recent census was taken during the period that there was an unusual absence of our citizens, in their annual migra tion to the Northern and other summer resorts. The larger relative increase of the Upper as compared with the Lower Wards is to be partly ascribed to the fact that the augmentation being largest of the working classes, cheaper rents, in a class of houses for which there was abundant room in the suburbs, has had much to do in producing the difference :— POPULATION OF THE CITY OF CHARLESTON ACCORDING TO THE CENSUS OF 1860. Mississippi returns a population of 783,715, being an increase of 187,189 in ten years. This is rather more than the population of Wisconsin, which foots up at 777,771. Mississippi was admitted as a State in 1817, having been first settled in 1698. Wisconsin was admitted in 1848, and first settled, like Mississippi, in the latter part of the 17th century. The progress of the two States compare thus : : The following is the summing up of the marshal of the census of Minnesota : The total area of Minnesota is estimated at 81,159 square miles, so the population of the State on the 1st of June, 1860, was a little over two persons to the square mile. CONNECTICUT. The following table gives a summary of the new census as complete as practicable, and will interest the public Counties. Hartford.. New Haven New London. Fairfield Windham Litchfield Middlesex. Tolland Total.. : The gain for the last ten years is greater than for fifty years, from 1790 to 1840. ORDER OF ODDFELLOWS. At a meeting of the Order, Mr. KIDDER gave some interesting statistics of their progress during the past thirty years, from which we glean the following: Number of Lodges.. 1,598 3,036 Revenue... Brothers relieved. Widowed families relieved.. Deaths Paid for relief... $15,727 48 $47,131 04 $1,260,904 03 $19,345,841 92 above given is consequently for only twenty-three years. The aggregate amount of relief is exclusive of special applications for assistance from widows and non-affiliated brethren, and of contributions made outside the Order by Lodges during the prevalence of cholera and yellow fever, which have been very considerable. $4,505 55 $548,746 95 $7,202,374 87 12,692 07 165,803 37 1,208,349 95 8,478,528 41 NORTH CAROLINA CENSUS. The following is a statement of the population by the census of 1860, as compared with that of 1850. The free colored for 1860 is included under the general heading of free : IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES. There is a considerable increase in the immigration of the past year, the total number being put down at 103,621, distributed as follows :- New York, 44,000 ; Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 14,000; New England, 12,000; Southern States, 4.000; Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, and California, 20,000; Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, and Canada, 10,000. MERCANTILE MISCELLANIES. RISE AND PROGRESS OF AMERICAN COMMERCE. Before entering upon the regular study of the question, we would say a few words relative to the national marine or navy of the United States, which if it was to us, as to other nations-a cumbersome excrescence-we should pass over in silence. But it must be taken into consideration from the day that the wormeaten barriers, which separated nationalities, crumbled beneath the breath of intelligent fraternity; from the day on which the American Republic ceased to be subject to a jealous, malevolent European power, we shall endeavor to prove, in a few words, that this country is not so weak in maritime or naval power as they would make us. In spite of the just aversion manifested by the American people to a large and expensive standing army and navy, we must remember that we should not leave without the means of defence our vast sea coast, which is but too accessible to our neighbors who may become our enemies. In the month of January, 1855, our navy consisted of eleven ships-of-the-line, thirteen frigates, nineteen sloops. three brigs, two schooners, five vessels serving as store ships, and twenty-four steamers of war; add to this some half a dozen steam frigates. Of these, there are now thirty-two vessels in commission, enploying in the entire naval service four thousand five hundred men. What is this small number of ships and men, when compared with the mammoth fleets of England or France? The British navy consisted, in the same year, of five hundred and forty-four frigates and sloops of war, one hundred and fifty small vessels, ninety-four ships of-the-line, and seventy-two gun boats -requiring one hundred and fifty thousand men! Now, would it not appear absurd to suppose that our small navy could cope with the enormous one of England? Yet in the war of 1812 it was proven that it is not sufficient to have the superiority of numbers to bear off the victory. We have a maritime force in our merchant ships, which are at all times ready to be employed in their country's service; for which their superior construction, their solidity and swiftness, admirably fits them. The facilities for building, and the dispatch with which any number of ships can be built, launched, and fitted out, gives us advantages which other nations do not enjoy. The Missouri and Mississippi made on their trial trip, on the Delaware, nearly twenty-four miles per hour. But our shipsof-war have proven their superiority over those of equal rate, belonging to other nations. One of our seventy-four gun ships is equal to a ship of one hundred guns of the British or French navy, as our ships carry more instead of less gun than their rate, and heavier metal than European vessels of the same class. The British are perfectly well aware of this fact; for in the London Times, of the 29th of March, 1856, the following remarks appeared :--" We have observed that an American line-of-battle-ship excites the admiration of all observers for her number of guns, weight of metal, sailing qualities, and enormous armament. They carry, together with heavy guns, twenty-two seventy-four pounders! Our government would, perhaps, do well to profit by the example, and arm our lineof-battle-ships in the same manner. In the last war with America we were |