RAILROAD, CANAL, AND STEAMBOAT STATISTICS. RAILROADS OF CHICAGO. The Chicago Tribune gives a statement of the resources for 1860 of the railroads centering in that city. The following table, compared with those of previous years, demonstrates the gratifying fact, that the lowest depth of depression has been reached. The earnings of nearly all our roads show a very handsome increase over those of the previous year. The tide has turned, and with good crops the increase will be as rapid and satisfactory as the decline was steady and discouraging : Chic. & Mil.... 1860. 1859. $183,100 41 $170,995 19 1857. 1858. 390,319 68 1,547,561 23 393,838 01 1,364,009 66 667,751 66 1,600,709 64 1,266,982 96 1,462,751 80 1,716,179 09 1,172,582 03 1856. $650,000 00 137,303 67 2,456,044 80 1,627,029 61 1,751,704 60 981,780 00 1,000,000 00 867,288 52 2,469,533 67 2,293,964 57 1,976,578 52 2,107,381 95 1,478,428 76 1,652,727 95 1,567,780 18 1,965,121 18 3,114,756 06 2,186,124 97 2,039,346 97 1,738,149 30 3,128,154 10 2,656,471 86 2,016,185 85 1,756,420 80 2,029,070 62 984,110 77 938,641 20 2,664,848 37 2,335,085 23 2,131,293 89 Total.... $17,812,957 27 16,428,228 66 13,191,736 74 12,659,115 01 15,289,199 08 The table shows the very encouraging fact that the earnings of these ten trunk roads exceed those of last year by $2,630,084 07. RAILWAYS OF MASSACHUSETTS FOR 1860. The Boston Railway Times gives the tables of the annual operations of the railways of Massachusetts, as reported officially to the Legislature. The figures are hereto annexed. The aggregates, as compared with last year, show as follows: The debt and capital paid in have both increased during the year; but the income shows an increase of more than 4 per cent, while the expenses have undergone a diminution. The number of passengers carried in the year increased 406,105; the freight shows also an increase of 2 5,646 tons. Both these figures are a gratifying evidence of the recovery of business in the New England States. The business of the several roads was as follows: OPERATIONS OF THE RAILWAYS OF MASSACHUSETTS FOR 1860. -Receipts.Expenses. From From From Of Miscelladebt. paid. Surplus. pas'ng'rs. freight. mails.&c. Total. roadbed. mach'ry. neous. Total. 47,584 860,000 599,982 559,020 451,543 14,8921,025,455 75,704 96,596 373,832 546,182 6,269,520 412,000 400,644 690,991 1,101,118 34,900 1,827,009 273,696 192,976 526.423 993,095 809,204 11,752 8,539 600 15,891 1,182 11,699 4,952 17,783 43.4 1,697,036 1,560,200 45.7 1,328,897 1,141,000 14.0 19.5 50.0 18.6 16,772 22,802 86,202 143,637 250 21.9 13.6 15.1 2,178 1,186 21,693 25,057 46.0 50.9 3,540,000 3,540,000 69.0 26.7 77,669 61,648 186,904 326,221 5,355 2.700 84,604 42,659 13.2 ..... 4,450,417 2,853,400 1,955,500 747,008 299,:07 280,261 197,428 477,689 596,208 220,240 221,600 209,529 431,129 53.6 3,073,55 2,05,925 859,900 27,240 887,140 59.4 2,613,694 2,122,500 630,600 23,986 656,586 9,723 953,535 132.381 75,154 307,675 515,210 240,407 534,194 147,776 9,624 691,594 58,143 60,587 233,420 852,150 10,714 8,778 30,508 50,000 2,223 2,533 9,269 14.025 25,626 35,773 143,149 204,548 121,814 222,516 6,600 350,930 48,882 42,341 108,182 199,355 226,216 108,776 196,320 7,500 807,596 1,220.7 60,107,824 45,488,568 18,928,858 1,280,112 15,152,125 2,361,709 3,871,923 4,860,8164,882,695 192,885 9,936,391 1, 193,339 980,629 3,309,422 5,483,890 Total and averages... 54.1 8.0 620,863 50.9 0.0 437,286 66.5 0.0 265,941 56.8 0.0 292,010 705,433 8,752,648 449,285 7,945,955 816,933 3,982,347 201,852 3,424,994 1,893,185 28.753,129 293,749 84,792 778,402 72,021 2,923,941 128,566 8,209,637 3,21 2.054 46,872 856,863 111,208 5,749,527 174,550 3,420,410 125,952 5,892,936 55.2 5.15 6,170,962 12,380,598 190,998,537 3,912,379 132,252,724 Equipment furnished and road operated by Goss and Munson. (2) Operated and kept in repair by the Boston and Worcester Railway Company. (3) Sold at auction by act of 1858 to the bondholders, and operated by the Ainherst, Belchertown, and Palmer Railway Company. (4) Leased to the New Haven and Northampton Railway Company, and operated by the New York and New Haven Railroad Company. (5) Leased by the Housatonic Railway Company at 7 per cent. (6) Leased by the Berkshire and Hudson and Boston Roads. (7) Operated by the Boston and Providence Railway Company. () Operated by the Boston and Providence Railway Company. (9) Engines and cars furnished by the Boston and Providence Railway Company. (10) Operated and kept in repair by the Old Colony and Fall River Railway Company. (11) Operated by the Fitchburg Railway Company. (12) Operated by the Boston and Lowell Railway Company. (13) Operated by the Boston and Lowell Railway Company. (14) Operated by the Nashua and Lowell Railway Company. A NEW SYSTEM OF RAILWAY. The Parisian correspondent of the Morning Star says:--" An experiment of a new system of railway was made at Compiegne some few days ago, and met with the greatest success among the agricultural speculators assembled to witness it. The inventor is said to be a poor wheelwright, whose ambition has not extended beyond that of facilitating field labor. This railway consists of a series of rails. fitting one in the other, like a succession of ladders laid flat upon the ground. Over these the carts roll quietly along, let them be ever so heavily laden. One great advantage of the system is, the facility with which the rails are laid down and taken up. In one hour a hundred metres may be planted. The tedious carting of crops through wet and muddy fields is hereby avoided. The experimental rail was 75 centimetres in width. The carts filled with produce, whether pushed or drawn by one single person, were of one cubic metre, and moved with the greatest ease." POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. The following table presents the official aggregates of all the census returns since the formation of the government. The rate of increase in the last decade has been, to a considerable extent, increased by the large immigration that has taken place: Free Slave Apportionment Fracpopulation, population, of represent'n. 1860. Old. 1860. tions New. over. 127,901 809,527 590,756 771,623 955,917 520,444 435,478 6 17,440 14,273 30,888 97,574 209,897 440,775 831,710 109,065 3 15,006 California 92.597 384,770 384,770 3 2,627 Connecticut........... 288,141 251,002 262,042 275,202 297,675 309,978 370,792 460,670 460,670 4 78,527 Delaware.......... 59,098 64,273 72,674 72,749 76,748 78,085 91,532 112,353 110,548 1,805 1 Florida......................... 34,730 54,477 87,445 145.694 81,885 63,809 1 Georgia 82,548 162,101 252,433 840.987 516,823 691,392 906,185 1,082,797 615,336 467,461 8 7 4,145 Illinois........ 12,282 55,211 157,445 476,183 851,470 1,687,404 1,687,404 9 13 81,435 Indiana 4,875 24,520 147,178 343,031 685,866 988,416 1,370,802 1,370,802 11 11 96,992 Iowa.................. 43,112 192,214 682,002 682,002 2 5 45,097 Kentucky 73,077 220,955 406,511 564,317 687,917 779,828 982,405 1,159,609 933,707 225,902 10 8 50,199 Louisiana 76,556 153,407 215,739 352,411 517,762 666,431 854,245 812,186 4 4 32,032 Maine...... 96,540 15!,719 228,705 298,335 399,455 501,793 583,169 619,958 619,958 6 5 110,434 Maryland... 819,728 841,548 380,546 407,350 447,040 470,019 583,034 731,565 646, 123 85,382 6 6 60,511 Massachusetts...... 378,717 423,245 472,040 523,287 610,408 737,699 994,514 1,231,494 1,231,494 Michigan..... ...... 4,762 8,896 81,689 212,267 397,654 754,291 754,291 6 117,886 Minnesota..................... 6,077 172,793 172,793 2 1 45,412 Mississippi ........... 8,850 40,352 75,448 136,621 375,651 606,526 887,158 407,551 479,607 5 58,409 Missouri 20,845 66,586 140,455 383,702 682,044 1,201,209 1,085,590 115,619 9 8,533 New Hampshire. 141,899 183,762 214,360 244,161 269,328 284,574 317,976 326,072 326.072 71,310 New Jersey............ 184,139 211,949 245,555 277,575 320,823 373,306 489,555 676,084 89,179 New York ......... 340,120 586,756 959,049 1,872,812 1,918,608 2,428,921 3,097,394 8,851,563 3,851,563 33 30 80,133 North Carolina ........ 393,751 478,103 555,500 638,829 787,987 758,419 869,039 1,008,342 679,965 328,377 Ohio ........ 45,365 280,760 581,434 937,903 1,519,467 1,980,329 2,877,917 2,877,917 21 Oregon ...... 13,294 52,566 52,566 Pennsylvania.......... South Carolina Tennessee.... 484,378 602,361 810,091 1,049,458 1,348,233 1,724,033 2,311,786 2,924,501 2,924,501 25 69,110 69,122 77,031 83,059 97,199 108,830 147,545 174,621 174,621 249,073 345,591 415,115 502,741 581,185 594,398 668,507 715,371 308,186 407,185 ....... 85,791 105,602 261,727 422,813 681,904 829,210 1,002,717 1,146,640 859,528 287,112 10 ...... ..... 212,592 600,955 415,999 184,956 Vermont 85,416 154,465 217,713 235,764 280,652 291,948 314,120 315,827 315,827 ........... Virginia.. ...... 748,308 880,200 974,622 1,065,379 1,211,405 1,239,797 1,421,661 1,593,199 1,097,373 495,826 13 Wisconsin.. 80,945 805,391 768,485 768,485 District of Columbia... 14,093 24,023 33,039 39,884 43,712 51,687 75,824 72,093 3,234 ..... Kansas.... 143,642 143,642 Nebraska........... 28,893 28,893 New Mexico .......... Washington ... 11,624 11,624 Dakotahi. 4,839 4,889 Total. 8,929,827 5,805,987 7,239,814 9,688,191 12,860,702 17,063,353 23,191,876 31,676,217 27,678,221 4,002,996 237 234 JOURNAL OF MINING, MANUFACTURES, AND ART. FACTORIES OF LOWELL.--1836 vs. 1861. Since 1836, the Massachusetts (and Prescott) Cotton Mills, and the Lowell Machine Shop Companies, have been organized, and the capital of the eleven other companies increased. We take from the Lowell Courier the following table, showing the progress of the manufacturing interests of Lowell at the two periods referred to : The Lowell Bleachery also dye at the present time 15,000,000 yards per annum, and bleach 8,000,000 yards in the same time. COST OF MAKING IRON ON LAKE SUPERIOR. At the Pioneer Works the iron is made on contract by B. Case, Esq., who furnishes everything except the coal, and delivers the pig (on board the cars, we think,) at seven dollars a ton, making the entire cost to the company sixteen dollars a ton, exclusive of the use of capital. The cost of transportation to this port is one dollar per ton, and hence to the Chicago market, the past season, it has been two dollars a ton, making a sum total of cost nineteen dollars a ton delivered at Chicago, where it has been disposed of at twenty-three dollars a ton, giving a net profit to the company of four dollars a ton. The single furnace now in blast produces fifteen to eighteen tons per day, which gives a return to the company on the capital invested of 60 to 70 dollars per day. Mr. Gay, says the Marquette Lake Superior Journal, has furnished us the following schedule of the cost per ton of making iron at his two furnaces, located, the one at Collinsville, three miles from Marquette, and the other at Forestville, two miles above, on the same stream, both being operated by waterpower : |