And thither bear your treafure and your goods.
For my part, I'll refign unto your Grace
The Seal I keep; and fo betide it me,
As well I tender you, and all of yours!

Go, I'll conduct you to the fanctuary.

[Exeunt

SCENE, in London.

The Trumpets found. Enter Prince of Wales, the Dukes of Gloucester and Buckingham, Archbishop, with others.

WE

BUCKINGHAM.

Elcome, fweet Prince, to London, to your chamber.
Glo. Welcome, dear coufin, my thought's
Sovereign,

The weary way hath made you melancholy.
Prince. No, uncle, but our croffes on the way
Have made it tedious, wearifom and heavy.
I want more uncles here to welcome me.
Glo. Sweet Prince, th' untainted virtue of
Hath not yet div'd into the world's deceit :
Nor more can you diftinguish of a man,
Than of his outward fhew, which, God he knows,
Seldom or never jumpeth with the heart.

your years

Thofe uncles, which you want, were dangerous:
Your Grace attended to their fugar'd words,
But look'd not on the poison of their hearts:
God keep you from them, and from fuch falfe friends!
Prince.Godkeepmefromfalsefriends buttheywere none.
Glo. My Lord, the Mayor of London comes to greet you.
Enter Lord Mayor.

Mayor. GodblefsyourGracewith health and happydays!
Prince, I thank you, good my Lord, and thank you all:
I thought, my mother, and my brother York,
Would long ere this have met us on the way.

Fie, what a flug is Haftings? that he comes not
To tell us, whether they will come or no.

Enter Lord Haftings.

Buck. And in good time here comes the fweating Lord. Prince. Welcome, my Lord; what, will our mother come? Haft. On what occafion, God he knows, not I, The Queen your mother, and your brother York, Have taken fan&tuary; the tender Prince

Would fain have come with me to meet your Grace, But by his mother was perforce with-held.

Buck. Fie, what an indirect and peevish courfe
Is this of hers? Lord Cardinal, will your Grace
Perfuade the Queen to fend the Duke of York
Unto his Princely brother presently?

If the deny, Lord Haftings, you go with him,
And from her jealous arms pluck him perforce.

Arch. My Lord of Buckingham, if my weak oratory
Can from his mother win the Duke of York,
Anon expect him here; but if fhe be
Obdurate to intreaties, God forbid,.
We fhould infringe the holy privilege
Of fanctuary! not for all this land
Would I be guilty of fo deep a fin.

Buck. You are too fenfelefs-obftinate my Lord;
Too ceremonious, and traditional.

Weigh it but with the groffnefs of this age,
You break not fanctuary, in feizing him;,
The benefit thereof is always granted

To thofe, whofe dealings have deferv'd the place;
And thofe, who have the wit to claim the place;
This Prince hath neither claim'd it, nor deferv'd it;
Therefore, in mine opinion, cannot have it.
Then taking him from thence, that is not there,
You break no privilege nor charter there :
Oft have I heard of fanctuary-men,

But fanctuary-children ne'er till now.

Arch. My Lord, you fhall o'er-rule my mind for once.

Come on, Lord Haftings, will you go with me

Haft. I go, my Lord. [Exeunt Archbishop and Haftings..

Prince.

Prince. Good Lords, make all the fpeedy hafte you may. Say, uncle Gloster, if our brother come,

Where fall we fojourn till our coronation?

Glo. Where it feems beft unto your royal felf:
may counfel you, fome day or two

. If I

Your Highness fhall repofe you at the Tower:
Then where you pleafe, and fhall be thought most fit
For your best health and recreation. .

Prince. I do not like the Tower of any place;
Did Julius Cæfar build that place, my Lord?
Buck. He did, my gracious Lord, begin that place,
Which, fince, fucceeding ages have re-edify'd.
Prince. Is it upon record? or else reported
Succeffively, from age to age, he built it?
Buck. Upon record, my gracious Lord.
Prince. But fay, my Lord, it were not register'd,
Methinks, the truth fhould live from age to age,
As 'twere retail'd to all pofterity;

Even to the general all-ending day.

Glo. So wife, fo young, they fay, do ne'er live long.
Prince. What fay you, uncle ?

Glo. I fay, without characters fame lives long.
Thus, like the formal vice, iniquity,

I moralize two meanings in one word. (12)} Afide.

Prince.

(12) Thus like the formal vice, iniquity, I moralize two meanings in one word.] All the editions agree in this reading, without the leaft variation; and therefore I have not ventured to disturb the text. But as the paffage has been moft ingenioufly attempted, it is incumbent on me to give the conjecture a place; after which, I will fee how far the prefent reading may be defended and accounted for; and then fubmit both to publick judgment. To begin with the anonymous corrector; "Richard, having "glofs'd over a villainous meaning with an equivocal expreffion, makes his reflection upon it. But, I believe, neither the attribute "given to iniquity of moralizing, nor the epithet of a formal vicę, are very intelligible; fure, they make the fenfe of the two lines altogether incomprehenfible. Thofe, who attend to the speaker's character, and are acquainted with ancient literature, will agree with me that the lines should be read thus:

Thus, like the formal wife antiquity,

I moralize two meanings in one word.

«Alluding to the mythologic learning of the ancients, which explain'd

"the

Prince. That Julius Cæfar was a famous man;
With what his valour did enrich his wit,
His wit fet down to make his valour live:
Death makes no conqueft of this conqueror;
For now he lives in fame, though not in life.
I'll tell you what, my coufin Buckingham.

"the fables of their gods by moral verities; a fentiment wonderfully well adapted to the character of Richard, who must be fuppos'd "here to speak ironically and to this effect. You men of morals, who fo much extol your formal wife antiquity, in what am I inferior to it, " which was but an equivocator as I am, and could moralize two "meanings in one word ?"

come now to the explanation of the text, as it is exhibited in the printed copies. By vice, perhaps the author may mean not a quality but a perfon. There was hardly an old play, till the period of the reformation, which had not in it a devil, and a drole character, a jefter; (who was to play upon, and work, the devil;) and this buffoon went by the name of vice. A vice in a play, badin, mime;

to play the vice, badiner; mime, a vice, fool, jefter, &c. in a play; fays Cotgrave. Mimo, (mimus) a jefter, a vice; fays Minshew in his Spanish dictionary. If it be worth the while to spend a word or two upon derivation, we are told, this vice comes from the Saxon word leck, which comes from the Greek sinai, vanus, fatuus. I confefs, I think, we may go a nearer way to work. This vice, in my mind, comes from the Greek original: for, adding the Æolic digamma to einai, (fcil. Feinal) and then throwing out the termination, vice is very nearly produced. But to pass over from etimology. This buffoon was at first accoutred with a long jerkin, a cap with a pair of afs's ears, and a wooden dagger, with which, (like another harlequin) he was to make sport in belabouring the devil. This was the conftant entertainment in the times of popery, whilft fpirits, and witchcraft, and exorcifing held their own. When the reformation took place, the stage shook off fome groffities, and encreas'd in refinements. The master-devil then was foon difmiffed from the fcene; and this buffoon was chang'd into a subordinate fiend, whofe bufinefs was to range on earth, and feduce poor mortals into that perfonated vicious quality, which he occafionally fupported; as, iniquity in general, bypocrify, ufury, vanity, prodigality, gluttony, &c. Now as the fiend, (or vice,) who perfonated iniquity (or hypocrify, for inftance,) could never hope to play his game to the purpofe but by hiding his cloven foot, and affuming a femblance quite different from his real character; he muft certainly put on a formal demeanour, moralize, and prevaricate in his words, and pretend a meaning directly oppofite to his genuine and primitive intention. If this does not explain the paffage in queftion, 'tis all that I can at prefent suggest upon it, -Sub judice lis eft: I relinquish it to more able judgments.

Buck.

Buck. What, my gracious Lord ?

Prince. An if I live until I be a man, I'll win our ancient right in France again, Or die a foldier, as I liv'd a King.

Glo. Short fummer lightly has a forward fpring.

Enter York, Haftings, and Archbishop.

Buck. Now in good time here comes the Duke of York. Prince. Richard of York, how fares our noble brother? York. Well, my dread Lord, fo muft I call you now. Prince. Ay, brother, to our grief, as it is yours; Too late he dy'd that might have kept that title, Which by his death hath loft much Majefty.

Glo. How fares our coufin, noble Lord of York?
York. I thank you, gentle uncle. O my Lord,
You faid, that idle weeds are faft in growth:
The Prince my brother hath outgrown me far.
Glo. He hath, my Lord.

York. And therefore is he idle?

Glo. Oh, my fair coufin, I muft not fay fo. York. Then he is more beholden to you than I. Glo. He may command me as my Sovereign, But you have pow'r in me, as in a kinfman. York. I pray you, uncle, give me this dagger. Glo. My dagger, little coufin? with all my heart. Prince. A beggar, brother?

York. Of my kind uncle, that I know will give; And being a toy, it is no grief to give,

Glo. A greater gift than that I'll give my coufin. York. A greater gift? O, that's the fword to it. Glo. Ay, gentle coufin, were it light enough. York. Ó, then I fee, you'll part but with light gifts; In weightier things you'll fay a beggar nay. Glo. It is too weighty for your Grace to wear. York. I weigh it lightly, were it heavier.

Glo What, would you have my weapon, little Lord? York. I would, that I might thank you, as you call me. Glo. How?

York. Little.

Prince. My Lord of York will still be cross in talk:

Uncle,