HYDE CLARKE through non-observance of the wording of MR. MACRAY'S introduction, as well as of the known historical relations between the Church of England and the British colonies in America before the Declaration of Independence, I may, perhaps, take occasion to say that the clergy in MR. MACRAY's list were certainly and necessarily Episcopalians. The American plantations were under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of London, hence the fact of the subscriptions being found in a register-book of that diocese. The Scotsmen in the list must either have been ordained in Scotland under the last Episcopal establishment there, or in England, or perhaps in Ireland, subsequently to 1689. It would throw some light on a difficult period if we could learn in which country these Scottish or Scoto-Irish clergy in America were mainly ordained.

1579, leaf 22b, Gosson speaks of "The Iew and
Ptolome, showne at the Bull, the one representing
the greedinesse of worldly chusers, and bloody
minds of usurers: The other very liuely describing
howe seditious estates, with their owne deuises......
& rebellions commons in their owne snares are
ouerthrowne." The precursor of The Merchant of
Venice was then called The Jew.
P. ZILLWOOD ROUND.
MILITARY MOURNING (6th S. ix. 388).-There
are pictures of Wolf, 1759, with a crape armlet.
HENRY F. PONSONBY.

LADY ARABELLA CHURCHILL (6th S. ix. 389).—
Why Lady Arabella? She was the daughter of
Sir Winston Churchill, and married Col. Godfrey.
HENRY F. PONSONBY.

There is a portrait of this lady among the WalThe "Scotch-Irish in America" have, I believe, degrave family pictures, which are now at Dudbeen a recent subject of discussion in the Maga-brook, near Brentwood, in Essex. C. P. F. zine of American History. [By the kindness of a correspondent we are in a posi tion to procure R. a view of these pictures.]

Č. H. E. CARMICHAEL.

New University Club, S.W.

In answer to DR. HYDE CLARKE's question, I would say that there seems no reason to doubt that the Scotchmen ordained and licensed by Bishop Compton for the colonies were bona fide members of the only just disestablished Episcopal Church of Scotland. It may well be that many who had before then looked forward to serving in her ministry at home thereupon turned their eyes abroad, especially when the Jacobite loyalty of most of her members had brought days of sharp proscription upon that Church.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &c.

History and Description of Corfe Castle, in the Isle of CORFE is one of the most interesting castles in England. Purbeck, Dorset. By Thomas Bond, M.A. (Stanford.) If it cannot compare with Pevensey, which stands beside, and may be said to grow out of, the walls of a Roman town, nor with the shell keep of Berkeley and the fortified hill of Pontefract in historic interest, Corfe has Corfe alone of all the castles now remaining can show claims of its own which put it in the very first rank. within its enclosure fragments which, without violence W. D. MACRAY. to the understanding, may be held to be of an earlier BARBARA CHIFFINCH (6th S. ix. 328).-There date than the Norman conquest. This is a point on which it behoves every one to speak guardedly. King hangs at Middleton Park, Oxfordshire, the seat of Edward the Martyr was slain at Corfe in the year 979, the Earl of Jersey, in the passage leading from the but the account in the Saxon Chronicle gives no reason hall to the private apartments, a portrait of Bar- for believing, as some moderns have done, that the bara, first Countess of Jersey. It is by Kneller, murder took place within the castle. We cannot assume, and lettered outside on the canvas, "Barbara, indeed, that a castle existed here at the time, though it is far from improbable that a position with so many 1st Ciss of Jersey, d. of Wm. Chiffinch, Closet-natural advantages would be fortified by a stockade from Keeper to K. Car. II." The portrait of her hus- very early times. Three of the manuscripts of the band, Edward, first Earl of Jersey, by the same Chronicle tell us that the martyrdom took place at artist, hangs next to it. G. L. G. Corfesgeate or Corfgeate; the fourth does not mention Titsey Place. the name of the place. The castle does not come into the clear light of history until the reign of Henry I., when we find it used as the prison of Robert, Duke of Normandy.

SOURCE OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (6th S. ix. 387).-MR. BUCKLEY will find "Sed ad magna præmia perveniri non potest nisi per magnos labores" in S. Greg. M., In Evangelia Homilia, lib. ii. hom. xxxvii. § 1. If MR. BUCKLEY takes an interest in the notes to Hooker, he may see a list of references which have been given to supply those which are wanting in the Oxford Herald, Oct. 18, 1883. This is not one of them.

ED. MARSHALL.

LETTER-BOOK OF GABRIEL HARVEY (6th S. ix. 399). The reference which MR. SCOTT points out is not quite accurate. In The Schoole of Abuse,

We think that Mr. Bond has proved that the site of Corfe Castle was a possession of the Crown when the Domesday survey was made, although that record cannot be quoted in evidence. A record of the time of Richard II. declares it to be an ancient demesne of the Crown. If no mistake was made-and we do not see that there is any reason whatever for imagining that there was any→→ we cannot but believe that in very early Norman times a fortress would be built here, if one was not there already. That the Saxon castles were commonly, if not acknowledged; but Corfe may have been an exception, universally, mounds fortified with timber fences is now or the stockade, if there were one, may have contained buildings of stone and lime inside. There are within

sky.

Parodies of the Works of English and American Authors. Collected and arranged by Walter Hamilton, F.R.G.S. (Reeves & Turner.)

PASSING from Tennyson to Longfellow, Mr. Hamilton's collection of burlesques loses neither its interest nor its popularity. Some of the parodies of Excelsior strike us as better than almost anything in the previous numbers. It is pleasant to hear that Mr. Hamilton proposes in subsequent numbers to pick up the few Tennysonian parodies that have been omitted.

the ruins fragments of very old walls of herring-bone and yearly framed in silver and gold under the Roman work, which have been thought by modern architectural antiquaries to be pre-Norman. Their date is by no means certain, but the balance of evidence is in favour of their Saxon origin. Mr. Bond is, on the whole, inclined to think they are the remains of a church. He gives an engraving of a portion, but it will not be much help to those who have not seen the place, for it has been purposely altered so as not to represent the original. We must describe what Mr. Bond has done or permitted in his own words: "The original window on the left of the engraving is partly ruined, but sufficient of it remains to show that it was identical in form and size with the others, which are perfect. The artist, therefore, has transferred one of the latter to this place in the engraving." Mr. Bond has acted with praiseworthy honesty in telling us what has been done, but we are surprised that he is not aware that a made-up engraving of this kind is absolutely worthless, and a blot on an otherwise

useful book.

Mr. Bond has given a series of extracts from the fabric rolls, which begin in the reign of Henry III. Some of the entries are very interesting. It is much to be desired that they should be printed entire. We have the extracts here in a translated form, but the Latin words are given when they are curious. Some of them are amusing enough. They would fill with horror any of those oldfashioned people who thought all Latin barbarous which did not come up to the classic standard. We have, for instance, such forms as "gistaverunt et planchiaverunt," used in describing the work of two carpenters who had been employed to fix joists and lay a wooden floor upon them. An ancient customal of the manor of Corfe is given. Unfortunately, it has no date. Mr. Bond says that it is in a hand of the sixteenth century. One of the customs runs thus: "No ilander ought to marye his daughter oute of the iland without the licence of the lord, constable, or other officer." We are not informed what course was taken if the lord or his representative refused his consent. If the court rolls are preserved from an early period, it would be an interesting subject for inquiry.

We believe the ruins of Corfe Castle are well cared for and much prized by their present owner. Mr. Bond, however, tells us that the luxuriant growth of ivy is in many places doing serious injury to the masonry.

Five Great Painters. By Lady Eastlake. 2 vols. (Longmans & Co.)

A SUBJECT old yet ever new, and ever attractive in sympathetic hands, is that of Lady Eastlake's interesting Volumes. Reprinted from the Edinburgh and Quarterly, their main features have already been appreciated by many of our readers in the reviews in which the essays originally appeared, But there are yet many to whom they will come with all the freshness of a new book, and to all who love Italy and art a fresh treat may be promised in these studies of great men.

The Italy of Leonardo, of Michael Angelo, of Titian, and of Raphael, was a fit cradle for such a group of leaders of art as perhaps no other country or time has produced in modern Europe. They were many-sided men, as befitted leaders of art. Poets were they, in the old creative sense of the word, as some were in the later sense of makers of musical verse. Makers of marvellous creations in the realms of painting and of sculpture, they also left us domes as renowned in Western architecture as the typical dome of St. Sophia is renowned in Eastern architecture. We have gone with Lady Eastlake to visit Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, and to lay our wreath on Titian's tomb. We will leave her with an abiding memory of a dome seen afar on the Roman Campagna,

Surrey Bells and London Bellfounders is the title of a work by Mr. J. C. L. Stahlschmidt which will shortly see the light. The work will be limited to 350 copies, and will be copiously illustrated. Mr. Stock is the publisher.

THE Antiquarian Magazine for June will contain, among other articles, the continuation of a paper by our valued contributor Mr. C. A. Ward on "The Forecastings of Nostradamus."

READERS of Dickens may be interested to hear of the death of Charles Langheimer, on whom Dickens, in his American Notes, has conferred immortality by mentioning him as an instance of the terrible effects of solitary confinement. Langheimer was seventy-seven years of age, and was an "unmitigated hypocrite and rascal." Twenty-five years of his life were spent in the Eastern Penitentiary, in Philadelphia, and twenty-five years more, it is calculated, in other prisons. He came back to the penitentiary, and applied for permission, which was granted, to die in what he regarded as his home, Dickens, it is known, has described the manner in which he had painted his cell with the colours of the yarn with which he worked. He was generally known as " Dickens's Dutchman." For these particulars we are indebted to our occasional and esteemed correspondent Dr. Horace Howard Furness, editor of the American Variorum Shakespeare.

Notices to Correspondents.

We must call special attention to the following notices: ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith.

WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately.

To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rule. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate."

A. H.-We do not undertake or attempt to answer legal questions.

L. B. HOLROYDE ("Peerage").—Inquiries of this class are outside the scope of " N. & Q."

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