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PORT ELGIN HARBOR-RANGE LIGHTS.

From this shoal spot the shoal extends southwestward over 590 yards, and is 300 yards wide.

Clearing marks. To pass southeast of it keep Douglas Point just touching Ninemile Point 223° (SW. W.). Another mark to pass northwest of Logie Rock is, bring the rear range light at Saugeen River in range with Chantry Island Bank black spar buoy (if discernible) 53° (NE. by E. E.).

Port Elgin is a very small artificial harbor situated in the bottom. of a slight bay 4 miles southward of Chantry Island; it is used purely for the landing of supplies for the village.

Approach. If from Southampton Harbor, take care to give the shore a berth of 880 yards until the south range comes on. If from the north, give the buoy marking the southern end of Chantry Island Bank a berth of 880 yards and steer 175° (south) until the south range comes on. After passing the buoy the master of a vessel should take care to avoid Logie Rock.

Harbor. The harbor is protected from westerly winds and seas by a breakwater extending in a southerly direction from the northeast shore of the bay, leaving a space about 400 feet wide for the harbor. As the shore is sandy, bars form across the mouth of the bay and partially fill up the channel to the wharf, which has been dredged to a depth of 14 feet. To protect the dredged channel from this littoral drift, a stone groyne has been built out from the shore south of the landing pier and extended by cribwork. The harbor is not difficult to enter, but in leaving, the space is too limited for any but the smallest craft to turn in, and backing out is difficult.

Port Elgin South Range Lights-Front Light, fixed white, 25 feet above water, visible 4 miles, is shown from a small tower with a white shed at the base on the shore 400 yards 167° (S. § E.) from the southern end of the Government wharf.

Rear Light, fixed red, 20 feet above water, visible 4 miles, is shown from a white, square tower 50 yards 104° (ESE. E.) from the front light.

Port Elgin North Range Lights-Front Light, fixed white, 21 feet above water, visible 9 miles, is shown from a lantern on the corner of the shed on the northern end of the Government wharf.

Rear Light, fixed red, 31 feet above water, visible 4 miles, is shown from a mast with a shed at the base on shore 220 yards 38° (NE. N.) from the front light.

Daymark. Back 800 feet from the water's edge in the line of the south range, stands a pole to which is attached a diamond-shaped daymark with two horizontal slats above it, the color of all being white.

A white daymark consisting of a St. Andrew's cross is erected on top of the freight shed where the front light north range is located.

A white diamond-shaped daymark is attached to the pole from which the rear light north range is shown.

Buoys. Two black spar buoys mark the northwestern side of the dredged cut in the harbor.

Government landing wharf, 170 yards southeast of the central portion of the breakwater, and parallel thereto, is the landing wharf. It is 130 yards long.

Small vessels and tugs may take up a berth near the northeast end of the landing wharf.

Directions (Port Elgin).—If from the southwest, take care not to hide Douglas Point behind the shore southwest of MacGregor (Ninemile) Point 223° (SW. harbor comes on 105° (ESE. E.). Owing to the short distance between these lights this is not a very sensitive range and care must be taken to avoid Logie Rock. Steer on this range until the breakwater is reached, when keep a sharp lookout for the north range. As soon as it comes on steer on it to the wharf, passing southeastward of the two black spar buoys, through the narrow dredged channel, which, between the depths of 9 feet on each side is only 150 feet wide inside the breakwater.

W.) until the south range at the

The town is situated on the line of the Wellington, Grey & Bruce Railroad about 880 yards from the harbor. It has telegraph and express offices. Limited supplies can be had and light repairs to machinery made. It had in 1911 a population of 1,235.

Southampton Harbor.-From the north entrance point of the bay containing Port Elgin, the shore trends north-northeast, 3 miles to Southampton harbor, McNab Point, upon which stands the Southampton rear range light, being about midway. From the shore southwestward of McNab Point, shoal water extends nearly 880 yards. The southern part of the shore between McNab Point and the railroad pier is fringed with large bowlders, the remainder of the shore being sandy.

The harbor is the shallow area inclosed between Chantry Island and the main shore, and is protected from north winds by two breakwaters, the western one extending in an easterly direction with a curve 600 yards from the northeast extremity of Chantry Island. The eastern breakwater runs in a northwesterly direction from the main shore a similar distance, leaving a passage 200 yards wide between the two. The harbor is exposed to southwesterly winds, and on account of the shallowness of the water only light draft vessels can use it.

Chantry Island lies 1,180 yards westward of Southampton and the main shore, and forms the west side of the harbor. It is 880 yards long northeast and southwest and 440 yards wide. The

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SOUTHAMPTON HARBOR-RANGE LIGHTS.

island is low, fringed with bowlders, and covered with a small growth of trees. To prevent the shore washing away, a small pier 160 yards long has been built near the southeast point of the island.

Chantry Island Light, fixed white, 94 feet above water, visible 15 miles, is shown from a white, circular, stone structure on the eastern side of the island.

Chantry Island Bank.-Very shallow water under this name surrounds Chantry Island. From the north end of the island it extends in north and north-northeasterly directions nearly 1 mile with depths of 12 and 13 feet, respectively. Off the west side the bank is 440 yards wide.

From the southwestern side of the island very shallow water extends in the same direction 1 mile. The southern end of Chantry Island Bank is narrow and is quite steep-to, there being 26 feet of water 200 feet south of the buoy marking it. The island is connected to the mainland by a bank over which it is difficult to carry more than 12 feet of water, and there are many bowlders strewn about, having over them less than that depth.

Southampton Light and Bell Buoy, showing an occulting red light, is moored in 22 feet, off the northern end of Chantry Island Bank.

Buoy.-A black spar buoy, moored near the remains of beacon about 1 mile 221° (SW. W.) of the southern tangent of Chantry Island, marks the southern end of the bank.

Lambert Shoal, with a least depth of 8 feet on it, lies 1,180 yards northwestward of the mouth of Saugeen River, and from this shallow spot shoal water extends 590 yards south-southwest, but only 100 yards in a north-northwesterly direction.

Clearing marks.-Saugeen River lights (later described) in range 95° (E. by S.) just clear the south end of Lambert Shoal. To pass west of both Lee Bank and Lambert Shoal, keep the north entrance point of Port Elgin in range with the breakwater lighthouse 193° (S. by W. W.).

Lee Bank, with 5 feet water over it, is a long, narrow bank lying parallel to and 880 yards off the shore a little north of Saugeen River. Its shoalest spot is 1.4 miles 7° (N. by E. E.) from Saugeen River breakwater light. From this spot the bank extends southwestward 880 yards and north-northeast 14 miles almost continuously to a depth of 18 feet.

Southampton Harbor Range Lights.-Front Light, fixed red, 28 feet above the water, visible 7 miles, is shown from a white, square, wooden structure, on the eastern end of the west breakwater.

Rear Light, fixed white, 31 feet above the water, visible 10 miles, is shown from a white, square, wooden structure on McNab Point 13 miles 178° (S. W.) from the front light.

These lights in range 178° (S. W.) lead eastward of Chantry Island Bank.

Fog signal. The fog signal is made on a steam whistle 880 yards southwestward of Saugeen River.

Pier. The Grand Trunk Railroad Pier, situated 200 yards inside the eastern breakwater, extends about that distance from the shore with a depth of 12 feet at its outer end.

Directions. From the north, 16 feet may be carried in between the breakwaters, before arriving within a mile of which, the Southampton range lights should be brought in range bearing 178° (S. W.) and the harbor entered.

From the southwest, a vessel drawing not over 10 feet may enter by keeping the Saugeen River front light tower in range with the outer end of the Grand Trunk Railroad Pier 42° (NE. E.). Vessels may pass nearer the main shore, but at the risk of striking bowlders.

The town of Southampton (Saugeen) had in 1911 a population of 1,685. It is the terminus of the Wellington, Grey, and Bruce division of the Grand Trunk Railroad and has telegraph and express offices. Limited supplies can be had, but there are no facilities for repairing machinery.

Storm signals.-The usual storm warnings are exhibited from a mast erected near the waterworks 440 yards southwestward of the mouth of Saugeen River.

A lifeboat is stationed at Southampton.

Saugeen River. From the Grand Trunk Railroad Pier, the sandy shore trends northeast, 1 mile, to the mouth of Saugeen River, and is fronted by a shallow bank 440 yards wide. The mouth of the river is protected by a breakwater 400 feet in length jutting out in a westerly direction in the line of the prolongation of the north bank of the river, which is about 20 feet high. The river can only be navigated for a distance of 300 yards. Through the shallow sand and bowlder bank off the mouth has been dredged a narrow channel with a depth of 8 feet at low stages.

Saugeen Range Lights.-Front Light, fixed red, 36 feet above water, visible 7 miles, is shown from a white, square, wooden structure near the outer end of the breakwater on the north side of the Saugeen River.

Rear Light, fixed red, 61 feet above water, visible 7 miles, is shown from a white, square, wooden structure on a hill 755 yards 95° (E. by S.) from the front light.

Buoys. The dredged cut in the approaches to Saugeen River is marked by three red and three black spar buoys.

Directions. If bound to Saugeen River from the north, small tugs and sailing vessels not drawing over 8 feet water should steer

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SABLE RIVER-FISHING ISLANDS- -WHITEFISH ISLAND.

on the Southampton range until the Saugeen River lights are in range 95° (E. by S.). . These should be steered for until up to the breakwater, when, passing between the spar buoys marking the dredged cut, the breakwater should be passed close south of, and the fishing wharves steered for.

Caution.-Spring freshets sometimes change the channel.

Frenchman Bay is the slight indentation south of the point of the same name. The shore of the bay is foul for 880 yards, and off the slight south containing point is a spit running out northwestward 1,180 yards to a depth of 9 feet.

Frenchman Point. From the mouth of Saugeen River the shore runs nearly straight 7.3 miles northeastward to a low bowlder projection named Frenchman Point. It is for the most part a low bowlder beach with small patches of sand, fronted by a bank 440 yards to 880 yards in breadth. The bank from the point itself is only 440 yards wide.

Sable River. The 5 miles of shore running northward in a slight curve from Frenchman Point to Sable River is, with the exception of the southern 880 yards, which consists of bowlders, a clean sandy beach in marked contrast to the general character of the shore. It is fronted by a sand bank 880 yards wide. The mouth of the river is protected by a large dry reef lying 590 yards west of it, but only 3 feet of water can be carried in. A small quantity of lumber is cut on the bank of the river a short way up, brought down in and loaded from scows to vessels anchored off the mouth.

Chiefs Point. From Sable River, the shore trends northwest 1 mile and then north 1 mile to a low shelving point and Indian reserve named Chiefs Point. The southeastern portion of this shore is fronted by a shallow rocky bank mile wide, the middle part by a reef extending 1,180 yards to a depth of 14 feet, and thence to Chiefs Point the bank is 880 yards in breadth.

Fishing Islands (Ghegheto Islands) are a group of small, low, thinly wooded islands extending from Chiefs Point to Pike Bay, 11 miles. The islands are fronted by a continuous shallow bank, extending in some cases 13 miles offshore, but outside this bank the water is good and soon deepens to 10 fathoms. Among the group are several good anchorages.

Whitefish Island, about 10 feet high and well wooded with small trees, is the most southerly of the group. It is over 440 yards long, north-northwest and south-southeast, and is situated a little more than 1 mile northward of Chiefs Point. Between them 11 feet can be carried and deep water reaches to within 200 yards of the western side.

Cigar Island is a small, round island lying about halfway between Whitefish Island and Lonely Point.