the absence of any necessity for the increase of the force, 389 new appointments were made."

This of course meant the destruction of economy and efficiency for purely political considerations.

In view of the temporary character of the work, it would be well to waive the requirements of the civil service law as regards geographical apportionment, but the appointees should be chosen by competitive examination from the lists provided by the Civil Service Commission. The noncompetitive examination in a case like this is not only vicious, but is in effect a fraud upon the public. No essential change is effected by providing that it be conducted by the Civil Service Commission; and to provide that the employees shali be selected without regard to political party affiliations is empty and misleading, unless, at the same time, it is made effective in the only way in which it is possible to make it effective—that is, by providing that the examination shall be made competitive.

I also recommend that if provision is made that the census printing work may be done outside the Government Printing Office, it shall be explicitly provided that the Government authorities shall see that the eight-hour law is applied in effective fashion to these outside offices.

Outside of these matters, I believe that the bill is, on the whole, satisfactory and represents an improvement upon previous legislation on the subject. But it is of vital consequence that we should not once again permit the usefulness of this great decennial undertaking on behalf of the whole people to be marred by permitting it to be turned into an engine to further the self-interest of that small section of the people which makes a profession of politics. The evil effects of the spoils system and of the custom of treating appointments to the public service as personal perquisites of professional politicians are peculiarly evident in the case of a great public work like the taking of the census, a work which should emphatically be done for the whole people and with an eye single to their interest.

THEODORE ROOSEVELT.

THE WHITE HOUSE, February 5, 1909.

[H. R. 16954. Sixtieth Congress of the United States of America; at the second session. Begun and held at the city of Washington on Monday, the seventh day of December, one thousand nine hundred and eight.]

An act to provide for the Thirteenth and subsequent decennial censuses. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress Assembled, That a census of the population, agriculture, manufactures, and mines and quarries of the

United States shall be taken by the Director of the Census in the year nineteen hundred and ten and every ten years thereafter. The census herein provided for shall include each State and Territory on the mainland of the United States, the District of Columbia, and Alaska, Hawaii, and Porto Rico.

SEC. 2. That the period of three years beginning the first day of July next preceding the census provided for in section one of this Act shall be known as the decennial census period, and the reports upon the inquiries provided for in said section shall be completed and published within such period.

SEC. 3. That after June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and nine, and during the decennial census period only, there may be employed in the Census Office, in addition to the force provided for by the Act of March sixth, nineteen hundred and two, entitled "An Act to provide for a permanent Census Office," an Assistant Director, who shall be an experienced practical statistician; a geographer, a chief statistician, who shall be a person of known and tried experience in statistical work, an appointment clerk, a private secretary to the Director, two stenographers, and eight expert chiefs of division. These officers, with the exception of the Assistant Director, shall be appointed without examination by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor upon the recommendation of the Director of the Census. The Assistant Director shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.

SEC. 4. That the Assistant Director shall perform such duties as may be prescribed by the Director of the Census. In the absence of the Director the Assistant Director shall serve as Director, and in the absence of the Director and Assistant Director the chief clerk shall serve as Director.

The appointment clerk shall perform the appointment duties assigned to the disbursing clerk in section four of the Act entitled "An Act to provide for a permanent Census Office," approved March sixth, nineteen hundred and two. The disbursing clerk of the Census Office shall, at the beginning of the decennial census period, give additional bond to the Secretary of the Treasury in the sum of one hundred thousand dollars, surety to be approved by the Solicitor of the Treasury, which bond shall be conditioned that the said officer shall render, quarter yearly, a true and faithful account to the proper accounting officers of the Treasury of all moneys and properties which shall be received by him by virtue of his office during the said decennial census period. Such bond shall be filed in the office of the Secretary of the Treasury, to be by him put in suit upon any breach of the conditions thereof.

SEC. 5. That during the decennial census period the annual compensation of the officials of the Census Office shall be as follows: The Director of the Census, seven thousand five hundred dollars; the private secretary to the Director, two thousand five hundred dollars; the Assistant Director, five thousand dollars; the chief statisticians, three thousand five hundred dollars each; the chief clerk, three thousand dollars; the disbursing clerk, three thousand dollars; the appointment clerk, three thousand dollars; the geographer, three thousand dollars; the chiefs of division, two thousand two hundred and fifty dollars each; and the stenographers provided for in section three of this Act, two thousand dollars each.

SEC. 6. That in addition to the force hereinbefore provided for and to that already authorized by law there may be employed in the Census Office during the decennial census period, and no longer, as many clerks of classes four, three, two, and one; as many clerks, copyists, computers, and skilled laborers, with salaries at the rate of not less than six hundred dollars nor more than one thousand dollars per annum, and as many messengers, assistant messengers, messenger boys, watchmen, unskilled laborers, and charwomen, as may be found necessary for the proper and prompt performance of the duties herein required, these additional clerks and employees to be appointed by the Director of the Census: Provided, That the total number of such additional clerks of classes two, three, and four shall at no time exceed one hundred: And provided further, That employees engaged in the compilation or tabulation of statistics by the use of mechanical devices may be compensated on a piece-price basis to be fixed by the Director. SEC. 7. That the additional clerks and other employees provided for in section six shall be subject to such noncompetitive examination as the Director of the Census may prescribe, the said examination to be conducted by the United States Civil Service Commission: Provided, That they shall be selected without regard to the law of apportionment or to the political party affiliations of the applicants, and that preference may be given to persons having previous experience in census work whose efficiency records are satisfactory to the said Director, who may, in his discretion, accept such records in lieu of said examination: And provided further, That employees in other branches of the departmental classified service who have had previous experience in census work may be transferred without examination to the Census Office to serve during the whole or a part of the decennial census period, and at the end of such service the employees so transferred shall be eligible to appointment to poistions of similar grade in any Department without examination: And provided further, That during the decennial census period and no longer the Director of the Census may fill vacancies in the permanent force of the Census Office by the promotion or transfer of clerks or other employees employed on the temporary force authorized by section six of this Act: And provided further, That at the expiration of the decennial census period the term of service of all employees so transferred and of all other temporary officers and employees appointed under the provisions of this Act shall terminate, and such officers and employees shall not thereafter be eligible to appointment or transfer into the classified service of the Government by virtue of their examination or appointment under this Act.

SEC. 8. That the Thirteenth Census shall be restricted to inquiries relating to population, to agriculture, to manufactures, and to mines and quarries. The schedules relating to population shall include for each inhabitant the name, relationship to head of family, color, sex, age, conjugal condition, place of birth, place of birth of parents, number of years in the United States, citizenship, occupation, whether or not employer or employee, school attendance, literacy, and tenure of home and whether or not a survivor of the Union or Confederate Army or Navy; and for the enumeration of institutions, shall include paupers, prisoners, juvenile delinquents, insane, feeble-minded, blind, deaf and dumb, and inmates of benevolent institutions.

The schedules relating to agriculture shall include name and color of

occupant of each farm, tenure, acreage of farm, value of farm and improvements, value of farm implements, number and value of live stock on farms and ranges, number and value of domestic animals not on farms and ranges, and the acreage of crops as of the date of enumeration, and the acreage of crops and the quantity and value of crops and other farm products for the year ending December thirty-first next preceding the enumeration.

The schedules of inquiries relating to manufactures and to mines and quarries shall include the name and location of each establishment; character of organization, whether individual, cooperative, or other form; character of business or kind of goods manufactured; amount of capital actually invested; number of proprietors, firm members, copartners, stockholders, and officers and the amount of their salaries; number of employees and the amount of their wages; quantity and cost of materials used in manufactures; amount of miscellaneous expenses; quantity and value of products; time in operation during the census year; character and quantity of power used, and character and number of machines employed.

The census of manufactures and of mines and quarries shall relate to the year ending December thirty-first next preceding the enumeration of population and shall be confined to mines and quarries and manufacturing establishments which were in active operation during all or a portion of that year. The census of manufactures shall furthermore be confined to manufacturing establishments conducted under what is known as the factory system, exclusive of the so-called neighborhood household and hand industries.

The inquiry concerning manufactures shall cover the production of turpentine and rosin and the report concerning this industry shall show, in addition to the other facts covered by the regular schedule of manufactures, the quantity of crude turpentine gathered, the quantity of turpentine and rosin manufactured, the sources, methods, and extent of the industry.

Whenever he shall deem it expedient, the Director of the Census may charge the collection of these statistics upon special agents or upon detailed employees, to be employed without respect to locality. The form and subdivision of inquiries necessary to secure the information under the foregoing topics shall be determined by the Director of the Census.

SEC. 9. That the Director of the Census shall, at least six months prior to the date fixed for commencing the enumeration at the Thirteenth and each succeeding decennial census, designate the number, whether one or more, of supervisors of census for each State and Territory, the District of Columbia, Alaska, the Hawaiian Islands, and Porto Rico, and shall define the districts within which they are to act; except that the Director of the Census, in his discretion, need not designate supervisors for Alaska and the Hawaiian Islands, but in lieu thereof may employ special agents as hereinafter provided. The supervisors shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; Provided, That the whole number of supervisors shall not exceed three hundred and thirty: And provided further, That so far as practicable and desirable the boundaries of the supervisors' distrets shall conform to the boundaries of the Congressional districts: And provided further, That if in any supervisor's distrct the supervisor has not been appointed and qualified ninety days

preceding the date fixed for the commencement of the enumeration, or if any vacancy shall occur thereafter, either through death, removal, or resignation of the supervisor, or from any other cause, the Director of the Census may appoint a temporary supervisor or detail an employee of the Census Office to act as supervisor for that district.

SEC. 10. That each supervisor of census shall be charged with the performance, within his own district, of the following duties: To consult with the Director of the Census in regard to the division of his district into subdivisions most convenient for the purpose of the enumeration, which subdivisions or enumeration districts shall be defined and the boundaries thereof fixed by the Director of the Census; to designate to the Director suitable persons, and, with his consent, to employ such persons as enumerators, one or more for each subdivision, to communicate to enumerators the necessary instructions and direc tions relating to their duties; to examine and scrutinize the returns of the enumerators, and in the event of discrepancies or deficiencies appearing in any of the said returns to use all diligence in causing the same to be corrected or supplied; to forward the completed returns of the enumerators to the Director at such time and in such manner as shall be prescribed, and to make up and forward to the Director the accounts of each enumerator in his district for service rendered, which accounts shall be duly certified to by the enumerator, and the same shall be certified as true and correct, if so found, by the supervisor, and said accounts so certified shall be accepted and paid by the Director. The duties imposed upon the supervisor by this Act shall be performed in any and all particulars in accordance with the orders and instructions of the Director of the Census.

SEC. 11. That each supervisor of the census shall, upon the completion of his duties to the satisfaction of the Director of the Census, receive the sum of one thousand five hundred dollars and, in addition thereto, one dollar for each thousand or majority fraction of a thousand of population enumerated in his district, such sums to be in full compensation for all services rendered and expenses incurred by him: Provided, That of the above-named compensation a sum not to exceed six hundred dollars, in the discretion of the Director of the Census, may be paid to any supervisor prior to the completion of his duties in one or more payments, as the Director of the Census may determine: Provided further, That in emergencies arising in connection with the work of preparation for, or during the progress of, the enumeration in his district, or in connection with the reenumeration of any subdivision, a supervisor may, in the discretion of the Director of the Census, be allowed actual and necessary traveling expenses and an allowance in lieu of subsistence not exceeding four dollars per day during his necessary absence from his usual place of residence: And provided further, That an appropriate allowance to supervisors for clerk hire may be made when deemed necessary by the Director of the Census. SEC. 12. That each enumerator shall be charged with the collection in his subdivision of the facts and statistics required by the popula tion and agricultural schedules and such other schedules as the Director of the Census may determine shall be used by him in connection with the census, as provided in section eight of this Act. It shall be the duty of each enumerator to visit personally each dwelling house in his subdivision, and each family therein, and each individual living out of a family in any place of abode, and by inquiry made of the head