Now this sum (81 573) being divided by 5,020, the whole quantity of all the consignments, will give the excess in price of the first lot over the average price of the whole, viz, 1 cents; and the price of the first lot should be 163 cents, the second 151, the third 15, the fourth 143, the fifth 144, the sixth 133, the seventh 131. Let us take another example. A merchant receives from different consigners a quantity of flour. From the And sells the 1,031 bbls. at an average price of $5 75. Now let us find how much less all the consignments would be worth, were they of the same quality as the first. Now this sum, or perhaps I ought to say difference, (it being the difference between the real and supposed value of the whole lot,) being divided by 1,031, the whole quantity of the flour, gives the excess of the average price ($5 75) over the price of the first lot, it being about 313 cents; which will make the first lot worth $5 43, the second $5 55, the third $5 80%, the fourth $5 86%, very nearly. In all 772 bbls. at an average price of 20 cents. He wishes to know how much each quality cost him. In the first place I would find how much less the quantity would be for the same amount of purchase money, provided all the molasses was of the same quality as the first lot. Thus : 24 per cent deduction on 120 galls. is 3 galls. Showing that if a deduction of 25 gallons be made from the whole quantity, (772 galls.) the remainder (747 galls.) will be the quantity the same money ought to purchase of the quality of the first lot. Dividing the purchase money ($154 40). by 747 will give the price per gallon of the first lot, and that found, the prices of the other qualities immediately follow. In the last example, if the third lot upon comparison with the second had been 5 per cent inferior to that instead of the first, and the fourth 10 (or any other) per cent inferior to the third, their solution becomes more complicated, but, as the reader will readily perceive, it can be accomplished on the same principle. Arithmetical questions of this kind, and indeed of every other, can be very much abridged by performing many of the operations mentally. J. L. MR. EDITOR:-To the question that appeared in your last publication, I send the anShould any have reached you done in a less complex manner, this you may con. sign to" the tomb of the Capulets;" if not, pray give it a corner. swer. Explanation 1st. There are 7 consignees, consequently the 4th, or D, is the average number; 300 lbs. at the average price of 14 cents per lb. are worth $44 25. 2d. Seeing that 14 cents is the price for 300 lbs., I increase the prices of the three preceding numbers, and diminish the prices of the last three, viz, E F G, in the same proportion or rate as stated in the question. 3d. To prove this, multiply the total amount of the consignment (5,020 lbs.) by the average price (143 cents) as per statement. G. B. B. 230 King-street, Charleston, S. C. COMMERCE OF MOROCCO. The following particulars of the trade, currency, tariff, &c., of Morocco, are derived from a letter of Thomas N. Carr, late United States consul for Morocco, addressed to a gentleman in New York. The imports, as registered for the year 1834, amount to $1,750,000; the illicit or contraband trade may justly be set down at $400,000 more: total imports $2,150,000. Exports $1,600,000. Grand total of imports and exports for this year $3,750,000. For the year 1841 the imports, according to the best calculations, were $3,102,750; illicit trade, mostly carried on under English colors, $766,150: total imports $3,868,906. Amount of exports for the same period $2,800,000. Grand total of imports and exports for the year 1841, $6,665,906; thus showing an increase over the trade of 1834 to the amount of $2,915,906. The trade of the United States with this country for the year 1841, amounted in all but to $120,000. Imports $70,000, exports $50,000; decrease from the last year $9,500. The trade of Europe may be estimated as follows: France $824,000; Spain $40,000; Portugal $30,000; Sardinia, Belgium, Holland, in all $70,000 more; and the balance of $5,581,906 falls to Great Britain as her portion of the trade of this country. From the above table an estimate can be made of the importance to the United States of making some efforts to increase her trade with this country, which by our present difficulties has been entirely broken up, and of the great inducements that offer to the American merchant to engage in a traffic hitherto regarded by them of but too little consequence. Since the war of 1812, with Great Britain, the trade of the United States with Moroc co has been gradually declining, and that of Great Britain increasing in a rapid ratio, until that nation may now be said to have monopolized the entire trade; which monopo. ly she is exerting herself to maintain by her political influence, and her admirable consular establishment on the coast. The articles of import, as will be seen from the list presented, are some of them of a kind the produce and manufacture of the United States. The unbleached and bleached cottons, nankeens, blue and white, have the preference over those of the manufacture of Great Britain, which has caused the British trader to finger our stamps in many cases, and to pass off their goods as American. Under our present treaty with Morocco, it is quite impossible that we can see a different state of things. It affords no protection to the property of our merchant, and conse. quently offers but little inducement to the capitalist to engage in the trade. The present is a most propitious moment for a negotiation with the emperor, which, if availed of, cannot but remove this objection, and secure for our trade great and important immunities. It is also essential that our agencies on the coast should be reorganized, and placed upon a different footing from what they are at present. At the port of Mogadore the United States should have a vice-consul, responsible to the government for the just per formance of his duties, and not allowed to engage in the trade of the country. This plan was in part adopted by the younger Adams, in 1824, but for some unknown cause was shortly after abandoned. The expense of salary would be but small, and the advantages immediate and important. This agent should be intrusted with a superintend. ence over the other agencies on the coast, as far north as Saffy, which are generally intrusted to the keeping of Jews; and all the papers and shipping documents should be sent to him for examination, which would prevent a recurrence of those great abuses which have for years existed, and, under the present system, must continue to exist. The port charges are not equal throughout the empire, but vary at the different ports of entry. At Mogadore, the charges amount to forty-three Spanish dollars, which includes all dues levied on all vessels, without regard to tonnage. At Mazagan and Rhabat they are twenty-nine dollars. The exchangeable values of the moneys current in most of the districts are established by the emperor, but the weights and measures vary at the ports north of Mogadore. The following are the principal divisions of the currency: 16 okeats are equal to 100 cents; the Spanish dollar (pillared) is the standard and most current coin for this value. 10 okeats are equal to 62 cents; this is the Morocco ducat. 1 okeat, or 4 moozunats, are equal to 6 cents. 1 moozunat, or 6 floos, (copper coin,) are equal to 1,5625||10,000. In weights, 100 pounds Morocco amounts to 119 pounds English. The pound of Morocco is derived from the collective weight of 20 Spanish dollars. The cubit for cloth equals 21 6.10 inches. 1 suar wheat, or eight barroubas, equals 3 3-5 bushels, and averages in weight about 212 pounds English. Grain has no fixed standard, but is left with the market inspector, and differs in nearly every district; but the acknowledged standard measure of grain for exportation is the Spanish fanija, five of which are equal to eight bushels. Measures for liquids are not used; oil is sold by weight. Tariff of Duties levied on the Importation of Goods, the Growth or Produce of Foreign Countries, at this Port. On all articles, excepting particularly named, 10 per cent in natura. Buenos Ayres Hides, per 100 lbs...... Cotton, raw, Iron and Steel, in bars,.. $3.40 5 00 2.00 50 00 Silk, raw,...................... Prompt payment is demanded on these import duties, without any allowance for dis Prohibited Articles.-Cochineal, brimstone, or sulphur, fire-arms, sword and dagger blades, powder and lead. Export Duties on the Growth and Produce of the Empire of Morocco. Corn.-Wheat, per Spanish fanija,........................... Maize and Beans,....... $1.25 50 Barley-Prohibited. Prompt payment is exacted in the exportation of corn, and no discount allowed. Credit is given, or twenty-five per cent discount is allowed to the merchant for prompt payment of the export duties on other articles. Seeds-Annis, Canary, Cummin, Ternin, Gingellon, and Worm, 100 lbs.. 1 10 Wax, Bees', 10 10 Wool in the Grease, Wool, washed, 2 lbs. gunpowder in addition on every 100 lbs. of washed or unwashed Wool,................. 4 10 8 10 Articles of Import.-India long-cloths; blue-black long-cloths; brown cotton; woollen cloth, fine; do. do. common; do. do. coarse; nankeens, blue and yellow; shirting, India dimity; muslins, cotton; silk handkerchiefs, thread; cotton velvet; gold lace; bandannas; tea; loaf sugar; pepper; cloves; cassia; ginger; alum; arsenic; gum Benjamin; quicksilver; iron; tin, in bars; tin plates; brass plates; nails; needles; card wire; hardware; earthenware; coral; china; crushed sugar. Remarks. The amount of brown cotton (unbleached) imported in 1841, amounted to the sum of $1,072,500, principally all of the manufacture of Great Britain. Of the above articles, the most in demand are muslins, long-cloths, nankeens, cottons, sugar, tea, shirting, and India dimities. AGRICULTURAL AND MINERAL RICHES OF SPAIN. AGRICULTURAL. Lands, waste and others, 45,000,000 fanegadas, at $10,...... $450,000,000 at $10,..... 42,000,000 Woods and forests, besides those required for the recreation of the royal family, 300,000 fanegadas, at $10,... 3,000,000 Public duty on waters, abrevaderat, &c., or absolute dominion,... 50,000,000 38,000,000 Mines of gold, silver, copper, iron, antimony, sulphur, salt, } $60,000,000 ochre, cobalt, &c....... Mines of lead, tin, alum, plombago, vermi, marble, &c...... 75,000,000 58,000,000 $193,000,000 MONTHLY COMMERCIAL CHRONICLE. [BROUGHT DOWN TO AUGUST 20.] The past month has been one of great interest. Many important events have transpired affecting the commercial world to a greater or less extent; although, from the low state of prices and the inertness of trade, the markets present no material alteration in consequence. The agitation of the tariff question and the uncertainty of affairs at Washington, together with the equivocal nature of the regulations under which entries are now made, have exerted a great influence in retarding the return of commercial activity. The goods entered are small in amount, and very generally under protest, with the view to test the legality of the regulations under which the executive officers are now acting. The customs paid in this way amount to about $150,000 per week, exclusive of the amount due on bonds. As all the duties are collected in cash at the rate of twenty per cent on the home valuation, which is considered to be the foreign cost, with fifty per cent added for profits and expenses, and then deducting one sixth of the whole amount, this would make the imports during the last month short of $1,000,000, according to the old mode of valuation. This is scarcely twelve per cent of the average monthly imports of last year, and is indicative of the utter indisposition to import goods, notwithstanding the low rate of duties in comparison with those which were to have been imposed by the bill lately before Congress. That bill levied rates very nearly equal to the tariff of 1832, before the biennial reduction took place. It passed both houses by very small majorities, and encountered the executive veto, on the ground, chiefly, that it contained a clause repealing the conditions on which the distribution bill of the extra session was passed, viz:-that the proceeds of the public lands should revert to the Treasury whenever it became necessary to infringe the compromise act, in order to provide a revenue for the government. The tariff bill would therefore have rendered the land bill void, were it not for the clause which caused it to be vetoed. As the law now stands, the proceeds of the land sales must be distributed among the states, because no duties are levied above twenty per cent. The amount to be distributed is $640,000 only, which will scarcely suffice to pay the expenses of receiving it by twentysix different states. The effect upon business has not been beneficial, because the same uncertainty, which is so destructive to commercial operations, continues to prevail. Another reason for the indisposition to import, and probably the principal one, may be found in the general state of the currency of this country, which has been powerfully contracted in proportion to that of the countries with which we hold commercial intercourse. At this time last year, when the commercial year was drawing to a close, a commercial balance was found to be due abroad, which required the export of a sum of specie. This was indicated in the state of exchanges, which had already, in July and August, reached a point at which the precious metals began to flow towards Europe, and the packets continued necessarily to increase the amounts they carried out, until the aggregate export amounted in November to several millions. At that time, it will be remembered, the Bank of Commerce, the American Exchange Bank, and the Merchants' Bank came forward as sellers of bills. This supply was sufficient to check the movement of specie until the bills drawn against crops came forward in sufficient abundance, and the rates of exchange began to fall. The same commercial indebtedness which existed at that time between this country and Europe also existed between the seaboard and the interior; and after the foreign indebtedness was discharged, by coin from the vaults of our banks, those vaults began again to fill by the continued flow of the precious metals from the interior. Until during the spring and forepart of the summer, the |